2024-03-28T23:12:07Z
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/oai
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/455
2018-06-01T07:55:17Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Ebola Virus Disease – An Update
Kishore, Surekha
Singh, Richa
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a severe, haemorrhagic febrile disease, often fatal in humans, caused by a non segmented, negative sense RNA virus of the family Filoviridae and genus Ebolavirus. It is also known as Ebola Haemorrhagic fever. There are five species of Ebolavirus, namely Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Zaire ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus and Tai Forest ebolavirus. The Zaire species has caused multiple large outbreaks with mortality rates of 55 to 88 percent since first appearance of the disease whereas the Sudan virus has been associated with an approximate 50 percent case-fatality rate in four known epidemics: two in Sudan in the 1970s, one in Uganda in 2000, and another in Sudan in 2004 [1-5].
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2014-12-31
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/455
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 26 No. 4 (2014); 443-445
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/455/455
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/789
2022-06-13T06:28:16Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Bioavailability & absorption of Iron and Anemia
Kapil, Radhika
Humans derive iron from their everyday diet, predominantly from plant foods and the rest from foods of animal origin. Iron is found in food as either haem or non-haem iron. Haem iron, which is about up to 40 per cent of the iron in meat, poultry, and fish, is well absorbed. All the iron in plants (fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts) is in the form of non-haem iron and is relatively poorly absorbed. Non-haem iron contributes about 90-95 per cent of total daily iron in vegan diets. In western countries,the intake of haem iron from meat and meat products accounts for bulk of the dietary iron. The haem iron consumption is minimal in developing countries with majority obtaining non-haem iron from cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruits'. The diets is plagued by low iron content and poor absorption. Major sources of non-haem iron are plant foods. The iron is chemically diverse, ranging from simple iron oxides and salts to more complex organic chelates such as hydroxyphosphates in phytoferritin(1).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2017-12-31
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/789
10.47203/IJCH.2017.v29i04.020
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 453-457
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/789/789
Copyright (c) 2017 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/816
2022-06-13T09:32:42Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Use of Point of Care Testing (POCT) in measurement of hemoglobin
Yadav, Kapil
Jacob, Olivia Marie
Ahamed, Farhad
Mandal, Manisha
Kant, Shashi
Point of care tests (POCT) are critical to success of public health programs like anemia control program which involve measurement of biomarkers; as they help in prompt decision making during first (and in many scenario the only) contact with the targeted beneficiary. There are many methods currently in use for point of care testing for hemoglobin estimation and include manual methods like Sahli’s method, Indirect cyanmethemoglobin method, WHO Hemoglobin Color Scale method; digital hemoglobinometers including the newer non-invasive devices. The current background paper reviewed available published literature regarding performance of different POCT methods for hemoglobin estimation. Available literature indicates that invasive digital hemoglobinometers have shown a reasonable performance for use as POCT in facility and community settings both for clinical diagnosis as well as surveys. Adequate training of front line workers for use of digital hemoglobinometers and adherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs) is essential to reduce errors/biases. Non-invasive digital hemoglobinometers seem to be promising new option for POCT which obviates the need for drawing blood sample (either by venous or capillary method) but further research and development is required before their use in programs.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2018-04-25
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/816
10.47203/IJCH.2018.v30i01SUPP.010
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 30 No. 1 (Supp) (2018); 72-79
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/816/816
Copyright (c) 2018 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/817
2022-06-13T09:32:49Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Choice of point of Care diagnostic device in anemia prevalence surveys: policy-level Implications in monitoring progress and guiding further action.
Mahajan, Preetam B
A, Newtonraj
Bazroy, Joy
Sinha, Anju
Kapil, Umesh
Purty, Anil
Anemia is highly prevalent disease of global concern. Childhood anemia can result in irreversible damage to brain and affect cognitive, intellectual, and pyscho-motor development. In pregnant women, it is a significant contributor to adverse maternal outcome (1–4). In 2011, alone it was responsible for loss of 42 million Disability adjusted life years and among the top three causes of disability worldwide (5). In an attempt to address this huge public health problem, guidelines have been issued by various leading international organizations and targets have been set to monitor progress towards its control. One such indicator is 50% reduction of anemia in women in reproductive age group (WRA) between 2011 and 2025 (6). This makes it necessary to carry out huge population-based anemia prevalence surveys repeatedly, to measure the progress and guide policy makers in carrying out specific interventions needed to reduce its prevalence.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2018-04-25
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/817
10.47203/IJCH.2018.v30i01SUPP.011
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 30 No. 1 (Supp) (2018); 80-85
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/817/817
Copyright (c) 2018 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/818
2022-06-13T09:32:56Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Diagnostic efficacy of digital hemoglobinometer (TrueHb), HemoCue and non invasive devices for screening patients for anemia in the field settings- a proposal
Neogi, Sutapa B
Negandhi, Himanshu
Sharma, Jyoti
Ray, Shomik
Saxena, Renu
It is important to diagnose anemia at an early stage for appropriate and timely management. There is a need to have a device with good diagnostic accuracy, that is reliable and less expensive. Several methods are available for estimation of Hb. These have been reported to be piloted in small settings with encouraging results. However, for the purpose of screening at the national and state levels, we need a method that has high validity and is cost effective. Our study proposes to establish the diagnostic accuracy of some such devices that are available in India against automated analyzers (gold standard) for screening of anemia in laboratory and community settings.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2018-04-25
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/818
10.47203/IJCH.2018.v30i01SUPP.012
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 30 No. 1 (Supp) (2018); 86-88
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/818/818
Copyright (c) 2018 Indian Journal of Community Health
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/819
2022-06-13T09:33:01Z
IJCH:CU
driver
National Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Iron Deficiency Anemia in India
Bellad, Asha
Kapil, Radhika
Gupta, Aakriti
Anaemia is a serious public health challenge in India with more than 50% prevalence across vulnerable groups such as pregnant women, infants, young children and adolescents. It has adverse effects on health, physical and mental productivity affecting quality of life. Guideline is any document containing recommendations about health interventions, whether these are clinical, public health or policy recommendations. The National Anemia Prevention and control guidelines have been developed taking cognizance of the current scientific evidence. The National Iron+ Initiative guidelines have been developed by the Adolescent Division of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India. Prevention and control of anaemia is one of the key strategies of the Health, Nutrition and Population Sector Programmes for reducing maternal, neonatal and childhood mortality and improving maternal, adolescent and childhood health status. It is estimated that anaemia causes 20 per cent of maternal deaths in India.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2018-04-25
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/819
10.47203/IJCH.2018.v30i01SUPP.013
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 30 No. 1 (Supp) (2018); 89-94
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/819/819
Copyright (c) 2018 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/820
2022-06-13T09:33:07Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Process of Development of WHO Guidelines
Bellad, Asha
Gupta, Aakriti
A WHO guideline is any document containing recommendations about health interventions, whether these are clinical, public health or policy recommendations. A recommendation provides information about what policy-makers, health-care providers or patients should do. It implies a choice between different interventions that have an impact on health and that have implications for the use of resources. The purpose of WHO guidelines is to improve the health and well-being of individuals and populations
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2018-04-25
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/820
10.47203/IJCH.2018.v30i01SUPP.014
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 30 No. 1 (Supp) (2018); 95-100
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/820/820
Copyright (c) 2018 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/1044
2022-07-11T05:44:29Z
IJCH:CU
driver
COVID 19 – Observations and speculations – A trend analysis
Kundapur, Rashmi
Rashmi, Anusha
M, Sachin
Falia, Karishma
R A, Remiza
Bharadwaj, Shambhavi
COVID-19
Elderly
Death rate
Karnataka
The pandemic of COVID 19 having spread to more than 200 countries across the globe it is time to rethink strategies to contain the spread of the disease. The virus being novel and the natural history still incompletely understood the world seems to be in hit with the panic button. Seeing no race, gender, social class the virus has affected both developed and developing countries alike. However, to understand if existing measures followed are going in the right direction, we need an understanding of the existing situation in countries across as well as our own. The study attempts to analyse the trend patterns around the world especially focusing on China, US, the neighbouring countries of India and then looks into the patterns of COVID 19 in India.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2020-04-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1044
10.47203/IJCH.2020.v32i02SUPP.024
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 32 No. 2 (Supp) (2020); 300 - 305
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1044/1009
Copyright (c) 2020 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/1427
2022-07-11T05:45:47Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Contact Tracing and Quarantine for Covid 19: Challenges in community surveillance
Gowda, Giriyanna
Holla, Ramesh
Ramraj, Balaji
Shettihalli Gudegowda, Kishore
Quarantine
Contact Tracing
Covid 19 caused by SARS-coV-2 is a novel corona virus. This began in Wuhan city, China at the end of December 2019 and had spread to the rest of the world. World Health Organization (WHO) declared Covid 19 as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30th Jan 2020 and later declared as pandemic on 11th march 2020. 1 The disease is mainly spread from human to human through small droplets from nose or mouth when a person with Covid 19 coughs or exhales and through the surface contact. Community surveillance plays significant role in prevention of spread of disease. It includes isolation of the positive case, quarantine of the high risk and low risk contacts and community disinfection.1, 2
The period of communicability is estimated with the current data to be from 2 days before the onset of symptoms and up to 2 weeks after onset. Hence the initial few asymptomatic days turns out to be crucial period in containing the spread of infection. By the time a Covid 19 patient is diagnosed and isolated, there are quite a number of primary and secondary contacts. Government of India focus has been on Community Surveillance activities which mainly comprises of Contact Tracing and Quarantine.3, 4 This article focuses on the various measures taken to trace the contacts, quarantine measures and on the challenges faced.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2020-04-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1427
10.47203/IJCH.2020.v32i02SUPP.025
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 32 No. 2 (Supp) (2020); 306 - 308
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1427/1010
Copyright (c) 2020 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/1454
2022-07-11T05:42:30Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Comparison of Measures adopted to combat COVID 19 Pandemic by different countries in WHO regions
DB, Shubha
Undi, Malathesh
Annadani, Rachana
Siddique, Ayesha
COVID-19
Containment measures
Lessons learnt
Contact tracing
Social Distancing
Continents
Since the emergence of Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID 19) in China in December 2019, a lot of significant decisions have been taken by the World Health Organization (WHO) and several countries across the globe. As the world reels under the threat of rapid increase in the number of cases and is planning strategies with the limited information available on the virus, it is essential to learn from the experience of countries across the globe. Hence, we selected a few countries in five WHO regions based on their COVID 19 caseload, management strategies and outcome and compared some of the important measures taken by them to contain the spread of infection. Strategies like extensive testing and contact tracing, strict quarantine and isolation measures, Hospital preparedness, complete restriction of non-essential travel, strict border control measures and social distancing measures play a vital role in containment of the spread. All the countries faced the novel strain of virus and implemented similar strategies as per the guidance of WHO, but the extent of preparedness, swiftness with which the decisions were made and the scale of measures made the difference.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2020-04-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1454
10.47203/IJCH.2020.v32i02SUPP.023
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 32 No. 2 (Supp) (2020); 288 - 299
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1454/1008
Copyright (c) 2020 Indian Journal of Community Health
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/1463
2022-07-11T05:48:03Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Self-swabbing in coronavirus pandemic- A game changer which can be introduced in field
Bhandary, Satheesh Kumar
Aroor, Rajeshwary
Bhat, Vadisha
V, Mark Jittu
P, Sreesan
Swabing
COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is a highly contagious infection known to spread rapidly, leading to severe consequences and disasters. Health care workers are at higher risk of getting the infection, during the process of diagnosis and treatment of patients with the disease. Worldwide, a lot of health care workers have lost their lives because of COVID-19 infection. Managing the COVID- 19 caseload is a real challenge to the health care system. For the diagnosis of COVID-19, both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs are obtained to detect viral RNA. (1). A nasopharyngeal swab is more sensitive due to higher viral load in nasal secretions than oral secretions, which is similar to that of Influenza (2). Taking nasopharyngeal swab is a real challenge to the health care workers and also is uncomfortable for the patient. It also exposes the health care workers to aerosols. Moreover, the scarcity of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a real burden to the health care system.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2020-04-20
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1463
10.47203/IJCH.2020.v32i02SUPP.026
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 32 No. 2 (Supp) (2020); 309 - 310
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1463/1011
Copyright (c) 2020 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/2100
2021-05-14T11:40:50Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Promoting healthier diets in India through “Front of Package Food Labeling”
Bera, Om Prakash
Saleem, Sheikh Mohd
Bhattacharya, Sudip
Food Product Labeling
Nutrition Labeling
Non-Communicable Disease
The rising NCDs are attributed to an epidemiological health transition resulting from rapid urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, and transforming nutritional preferences. The behavioral risk factors like the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle and changing dietary pattern have resulted in the consumption of an unhealthy diet, building up and less burning of calories. It has been observed that nutrition labeling has played a crucial role in shaping consumer level food behavior. Many labeling systems have been proposed and designed as per country specific needs. Consumers face many challenges while accessing the food packets, small fonts, labeling on the back side, not understanding its language, and unable to evaluate the nutritional information which is described on the packets. Our aim should be to improve the information available within the food package, increase food information accessible to the people, and more importantly, the use of this information must be brought into service by the consumers as to make healthy food choices. Chile's approach to warning labels is currently considered the gold standard in the FOPL system, which have significantly reduced the consumption of unhealthy foods by people. There is a need to introduce the replica of the same Chile’s FOPL system in India. It's time to make the right move and make India a global leader in FOPL food systems by the introduction of strong and stringent FOPL laws that may help consumers with informed food choices and FSSAI may play a leadership role in this.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2021-03-31
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2100
10.47203/IJCH.2021.v33i01.004
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 33 No. 1 (2021); 25 - 29
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2100/1128
Copyright (c) 2021 Indian Journal of Community Health
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/2236
2022-07-08T11:05:34Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Role of probiotics and vitamins in maintaining a healthy gut microbiome: recent advances
Aeri , Bani Tamber
Probiotics
Microbiome
Psychobiotics
Gut-Brain Axis
Depression
Anxiety
While the concept of probiotics is not new, science based approaches to developing targeted probiotic products are a renewed interest. Probiotics and the microbiome is now being considered as having a blueprint of good health, unique to every human. Along with the well-known and established health benefits like reduced antibiotic associated diarrhoea and colic symptoms, eczema, necrotising enterocolitis, acute paediatric infections like diahorrea and upper respiratory tract infections; probiotics are now considered as beneficial for maintaining mental well-being as well. This new branch of disease management is now termed as Nutritional neuroscience and these beneficial gut bacteria are referred to as psychobiotics. It is important to identify the specific strains of probiotics and characterize them and conduct randomised controlled trials to establish these benefits. With emerging data related to role of vitamins in modulating the gut microbiome, combining pre and probiotics with micronutrients is likely to result in powerful functional foods boosting host immunity.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2021-09-30
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2236
10.47203/IJCH.2021.v33i03.027
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 33 No. 3 (2021); 543 - 546
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2236/1228
Copyright (c) 2021 Indian Journal of Community Health
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/2476
2022-12-14T04:03:26Z
IJCH:CU
driver
Developing public health capacities of Frontline Public Health Workforce in Uttarakhand
Singh, Pankaj
Gupta, Amrita
Tripathi, Akhilesh
Dhuria, Meera
Aggarwal, Pradeep
Public Health Workforce
Frontline Epidemiology
Public Health Capacity Building
Response Measure
Outbreak Investigation
Recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of increase in the ability of public health workforce to detect and respond to the public health threats. For timely implementation of an adequate response and mitigation measure, the standardized and sustainable capacity building programme for frontline public health workforce is the need of hour. National Center for Disease Control (NCDC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, in partnership with U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), developed a three-month in-service Basic Epidemiology Training programme. This is a tailor-made programme for frontline public health workforce to strengthen epidemiological skills. This training was a practical interactive approach to field epidemiology for three months on the job training for frontline public health workforce that addressed the critical skills needed to conduct surveillance effectively at the local level while focusing on improving disease detection, reporting and feedback. The training also demonstrated the role of learning model in form of interaction between the mentor and the mentees. The importance of handhold support given by the mentors to the mentees in quality outbreak investigations and documentation.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2022-09-30
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2476
10.47203/IJCH.2022.v34i03.025
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 34 No. 3 (2022); 448 - 450
2248-9509
0971-7587
eng
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2476/1322
Copyright (c) 2022 Indian Journal of Community Health
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