2024-03-29T11:54:42Z
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/index/oai
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/1
2018-06-01T02:12:06Z
IJCH:EDT
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Early Detection Of Cancer
Bhatnagar, V B
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Farly detection of cancer is based upon three fundamental assumptions, firstly that the trea'ment of benign and precancerous lesions reduces the incidence of cancer, secondly, that the treatment of in situ cancers is conducive to total cure and thirdly that early diagnosis and management of invasive cancer ensures be.ter survival. When patient seeks medical advice for vague symptoms, which could however be due to a possible malignant tumour at a particular site, the alert clinician should investigate the patient immediately to exclude cancer. At this stage cancer is usually not significantly advanced.
Currently the U. I. C. C. (International Union for Cancer Control} is studying the epidemiology of cancers in various countries The importance of this is two folds : Firstly by focussing attention on a section of population vulnerable to a particular cancer an early detection is facilitated Secondly by changing the causative factors responsible to a particular cancer, the incidence of that cancer can be reduced e. g. reduction in lung cancer following campaigns against ciguette smoking and reductioi in breast cancer after campaigns for advocating breast feeding of infants, lowering fat consumption and encouraging self palpation of breast regularly.
Indeed early diagnosis of cancer implies diagnosis of cancer in almost a symptomatic stage It involves motiva’ion of the population towards acquisitio : of knowledge, attitude and practice.. Epidemiologies and clinicians should be able to recognise high risk cases exposed to particular neoplasia and knowledge of alarming symptoms should be pro- pogated for wide publicity through common available media and means. Probable cases should have regular clhrcal examination periodically and relevant investigations including radiological, imaging techniques and Bio-Chemical examination should be undertaken as and when desired Suspicious lesions should be investigated by specific tests including smear cytology, aspiration cytology, tru-Cut needle biopsy and incision tl or excisional biopsy to exclude or confirm the diagnosis. A vigilant clinician thus may diagnose cancer at early stage.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/2
2018-06-01T02:12:05Z
IJCH:OA
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Knowledge of Parents of a Back-ward Community Regarding Malnutrition in Children
Mishra, C P
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Reddy, D C S
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Tiwari, l C
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Shukla, K P
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) ia children has been considered as the most important problem in the field of preventive medicine particularly so in the developing countries (WHO, 1974). Various crash activities and nutrition programmes in our country could not bring an appreciable change in the over-all magnitude of the problem (ICSSR and ICMR, 1981). In order to have sustained improvement, parents education holds great promise Information education and communication (IEC) is emerging as an important tool in the delivery of Primary Health Care (PHC) as well as nutrition related services. For proper application of this tool it is imperative to have basal knowledge of parents regarding identification, causes and preventability of important nutritional disorders. The specific objectives of the present study were to explore-
(a)The ability of parents to recognise marasmus, kwashiorkor, vitamin A and vitamin B deficinc es with photograph of these disorders and also on description.
(b)Knowledge of parents regarding causes of marasmus, kwashiorkor, vitamin A and B complex deficiencies.
(c)Knowledge of parents regarding prevention of malnutrition disorders.
The important facets and concepts of a backward community of Banda District, Uttar Pradesh as revealed by the present study may be of immense help in planning a ‘Nutrition Education programme’.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/3
2018-06-01T02:12:04Z
IJCH:OA
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Filariasis in The Villages Around Lucknow
Srivastava, V K
King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Tiwari, Pradip
King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Rastogi, A K
King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Saxena, K C
Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
The lymphatic filariasis in man is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori (Duke, 1981). It manifests into a spectrum of acute and chronic clinical features (Nelson, 1979; Ottesson, 1980 & Dasgupta, 1981) as a result of continuous exposure and a long association with the parasite. Of the exposed population, a small proportion of subjects shows clinical features of lymphatic obstruction, but a large proportion of subjects remains clinicaPy silent with circulating larva (microfilaria) in their blood A considerable number of subjects remain positive for clinical symptoms, as well as, for microfilariae (mf) in blood. This leads to three main groups in the community, i.e subjects with symptomatic filariasis, asymptomatic microfilaraemia. and symptomatic microfilariaemia. For a subject to be infective for others, depends upon the frequency of microfilaria per unit blood. The present study was aimed at finding out the prevalence of filarial infection in random population, clinical presentation of disease and the frequency of mf per unit volume of blood in a rural population.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/3
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/4
2018-06-01T02:12:03Z
IJCH:OA
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A Study On Morbidity Profile Of Tibetan Refugees Of Chandragiri Iis The Ganjam District Of Orissa
Sahu, T
Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College & Hospital, Brahmapur, Ganjam, Odisha
Kar, S B
Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College & Hospital, Brahmapur, Ganjam, Odisha
Patnaik, B K
Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College & Hospital, Brahmapur, Ganjam, Odisha
With the help of Government of India and State Governments the Tibetan refugees were settled up at different places in India; and Chandragiri situated at a distance of 78 KMs from Berhampur.
The community which has adopted some of the socio-cultural practices of local population and have retained most of their original practices offer an excellent material for the study of effects of different social - cultural-demographic- economic— religious factors on morbidity pattern. Tibetan race, culture, customs, tradition and religion are alien to that of Indian and more so to that of Orissa. This refugee population was available within the reach of resources. The comparative ease of collection of data encouraged to carry out the study so as to obtain valuable informations on morbidity pattern of the community which can be utilised in varied situations in taking up community health work.
The present study was undertaken to obtain an integrated picture of different leading diseases prevalent in the community and recommend measures for their control and eradication,
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/4
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/5
2018-06-01T02:12:02Z
IJCH:OA
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Morbidity Differentials Amongst The Families of The Employees of Medical College, Meerut
Kamboj, N
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Mathur, J S
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Bhatnagar, M
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Mishra, V N
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Singh, R B
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Garg, B S
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Morbidity surveys are intended to provide over all picture of health and sickness of a community. Due to fast development of medical sciences and the medical facilities, the pattern of diseases is changing fast. Mortality is being replaced by morbidity as an index of health and disease. Up to-date inform-tion is needed so that the Government in particular and the society in general can devise new and feasible plans to apply for the maximum benefit of masses. In India due to industrialization and urbanisation, the urban population is growing fast which may lead to changes In the morbidity and mortality pattern of different diseases in the urban aieas. The present work has been carried out to find out the general and specific morbidities amongst the employees and their family members residing in the campus of L.L.R M, Medical College, Meerut.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/5
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/6
2018-06-01T02:12:00Z
IJCH:OA
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Assessment of Change of Knowledge Through on the Job Training of Health Workers (Female) in Varanasi
Gupta, V K
University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Kumar, Raj
University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Tewari, I C
University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Health care infrastructure of our country lacks in effective, bulitin system of on the job training or continuing education for different level of workers. This adversely affects the work performance particularly of those working at peripheral level. It is, therefore, aptly mentioned in “curricula for training of staff of PHC” (1980' that ‘job assigned to the workers can be carried out effectively and efficiei tly only when they are given adequate training for the purpose, wnether as part of their basic professional training or as inservice orieotation training followed by refresher courses and on the job continuing education.’ Against this background, an action study was planned and conducted
in 3 PHCs of Varanasi, with the objective, to assess the change in the Level of knowledge of health worker (females) alout MCH care, through short term inservice orientation Training programme.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/6
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/7
2018-06-01T02:11:59Z
IJCH:OT
"870430 1987 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Proceeding Of The Vth General Body Meeting Of U. P. Chapter Of Indian Association Of Preventive And Social Medicine Held At L. L. R. M. Medical College, Meerut On 11-1-1987, At 2.00 P. M.
admin
The Vth General Body meeting of UP Chapter of IAPSM was held on 11.4.1987 under the Chairmanship of Dr. S.K. Mehrotra. The following decisions were taken:—
• It was resolved that in order to print the constitution of UP chapter of Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine, the Secretary General should be sen1 Rs. 500/- by Organising Secretary of Vth UP Chapter Conference of IAPSM and Rs. 500/- by Prof. S.K. Mehrotra, to enable the constitution to be available with all its members.
• It was resolved to enlarge the scope of U P. Chapter of IAPSM to make it a regional chapter by involving the neighbouring States. Himachal Pradesh and Haryana have already been copted to be members for the region. It was further resolved that a letter should be written to other neighbouring states also to join the regional Chapter.
• The report of Secretary General for 1987 was accepted and approved The General Body observed with regret that the Secretary General IAPSM (All India) has not sent the State Constrihution to the Sec. Genera] UP Chapter IAPSM which has caused hinderence for smooth functioning of UP Chapter.
• Prof. J S, Mathur was elected to deliver Dr. B. G. Prasad oration 1987 unanimously.
• The organising committee of Vth UP Chapter Annual Conference announced the award for the best paper sent by UG/Interns for this year. It was further resolved that the best paper award shall be given each year for the best paper published in the Indian Journal of Community Health.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1987-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/7
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 3 No. 1 (1987)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/8
2018-06-01T09:36:29Z
IJCH:EDT
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Towards A Malaria Vaccine?
Garg, B S
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
The last few years have seen a marked change in the understanding of malaria mmunology.
We have very little knowledge on immunity of Malaria based on experiments in human
beings due to ethical reasons. Whatsoever our knowledge exists at present is based on
experimentas in mice and monkey. However it is clear that it is sporzoite or merozoite
which is directly exposed to our immune system in the life cycle of Malaria parasite. On the
basis of human experiments we can draw inference that immunity to malaria is species.
specific (on cross immunity), stage specific and strain specific as well acquired in the response to surface antigen and relapsed antigen although the parasite also demonstrates escape machanism to immune system.
So the host system kills or elimi nate the parasite by means of (a) Antbody to extracell~
ular form of parasite with the help of mechanism of Block invasion, Agglutination or opsonization and/or (b) Cellular machanism-either by phago-cytosis of parasite or by antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity ABCC (?) or by effects of mediators like tumor necrosis fJ.ctor (TNF) in cerebaral malaria or crisis forming factor as found in sudan or by possible role of lysis mechanism.
However, inspite of all these theories the parasite has been able to invade the immune
system by virtue of its intracellular development stage specificity, sequestration in capillaries and also by its unusual characteristics of antigenic diversity and antigenic variation.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/8
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/9
2018-06-01T09:36:28Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Feeding Practices In Icds and Non-Icds Areas Some Observations In An Oldest Project
Chaturvedi, Sanjay
University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Singh, J V
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Srivastava, B C
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
ICDS Scheme, launched in India in 1975-76. is perhaps one of the largest child development programmes in the world.Active community intervention for a qualitative change in child rearing parctices has been intensely advocated during rect:nt decades aud with health and nutritional education for 15-45 years women, ICDS is supposed to play a big role in it. Fortunately breast feeding is universally practised maternal norm in our country and that too for quite a long period but weaning is the area causing lot of concern.
As a part of a series of detailed community investigations, this study was conducted in Dalmau block (Dist. Rae Bareli, U.P.), one of the oldest projects in our county, to compare the feeding practices in ICDS and non-ICDS areas to take a view of schemes impact in terms of change in
child rearing habits.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/9
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/10
2018-06-01T09:36:26Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Immunization Services In Rural Population Campaign vs Clinical Approach
Bhardwaj, A K
Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla
Gupta, B P
Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla
Rana, D D
Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla
Swami, H M
Vaidya, N K
Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla
In the world today, most of our problems can be prevented at community level through change in social behaviour and at a teasonable low cost. To achieve this, we will have to transform available knowledge and technology into action. In 24 hours, app 40000 under-five children die, and out of this, 80'/. can easily be saved through preventive measures (UNICEF, 1989). Immunization, which can alone save 3 million children out of 14 million who die every year, is the most cost-effective programme. During this decade, through determined efforts, the developing countries have been abI e to increase the 'proportion of immunized children from 10./. to 50'/. and are now saving the lives of nearly 1.5 million children annually (UNICEF, 1989).
In our rural areas, scattered population and difficult terrain limits the access to the health institutions thus contributing to the low immunization coverage in most parts of our country (Bhargava and Sokhey, 1985). It has been recommended that till such time our primary health care system becomes capable of achieving near universal immunization coverage, a strategy of campaign approach involving different agencies should be adopted (John and Steinhoff, 1981).
To prove the value of such programme,an immunization coverage assessment was undertaken in a Rural block in Himachal Pradesh.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/10
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/11
2018-08-08T03:49:59Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Possible Cardiotoxic Effects of Vanadium
Parkash, Parveen
Government Medical College, Amritsar
Gupta, Anita
Government Medical College, Amritsar
Vanadium, a ubiquitous element, is physiologically and pharmacologically an active substance and is present in most of mammalian tissues Jandhala and Horn, 1983). Large corpus of information exists on the mode of action of vanadium on cardiac muscles (Jandhala and Horn, 1983., Solaro et al, 1980), but the basis of pharmacological lesion underlying its cardiac toxicity is still poorly understood. Except for the solitary report of Lewis (1958) to best of our knowledge no information exists on the effect of vanadium on the functioning of heart as shown by electrocardiography.
Large amounts of vanadium are released into atmosphere by combustion of fossil fuel (Vouk, 1979) and due to rapid industrialisation its environmental concentration is reported to be increasing (Goldberg et al, 1974., Jaffe and Walters, 1977., Vouk, 1979). This necessitates the monitoring of its environmental and occupational hazards. In the present study cardiac side effects of vanadium, as revealed through ECG has been investigated in rabbits, since the electrocardiogram of rabbit resembles with of man in essential details (Weisborth et al, 1974).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/11
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/12
2018-06-01T09:36:23Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A Study Of Chlorine Demand Of Various Water Sources In And Around Lucknow
Chandra, R
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Srivastava, V K
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Nirupam, S
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
The quality of drinking water is a factor of vital importance in public health. Much of the ill health in. the under developed countries is largely due to lack of safe drinking water. There can be no state of positive community health and well being without safe water supply (Giroult, 1977).
Chlorination is one of the greatest advances in water purification. Chlorine kills pathogenic bacteria and in high doses destroys the bacterial spores and viruses. It oxidizes iron, mangnese and hydrogen sulphide. It also destroys some taste and odour producing constituents in the water (WHO, 1976'.
Chlorine demand is the amount of chlorine that is needed to destroy bacteria and to oxidize all the organic matter and ammoniacal substances present in the water. If further chlorine is added beyond this point, free chlorine begins to appear in the water.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/12
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/13
2018-08-08T04:01:51Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Profile of Preschool Diarrhoea in a Rural Community
Mishra, V N
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Garg, S K
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Bhatnagar, M
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Singh, J V
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Chopra, H
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Singh, R B
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
A significant new knowledge acquired in the last decade on the aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology and treatment of acute diarrhoea provided a solid basis for the immediate attack on the problem. Although acute diarrlioeal disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children yet only few studies on diarrhoea related morbidity and mortality are available. An attempt was Made in the present study to determine the magnitude of the problem of diarrhoea among preschool children and prevailing health practices so as to plan the action for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among preschool children in rural community.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/13
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/14
2018-08-08T04:04:33Z
IJCH:OA
"901231 1990 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A Critical Analysis of the National Goitre Control Programme
Khan, M A
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Yunus, M
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Kumar, Viond
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
The two most prominent goitre endemic areas in the world are the mountainous belts of the Andes in South America and the Himalayas in South East Asia of which the latter is undoubtedly the largest and worst affected area in the world.
In India loday, we have all the possible weapons of hope against this large scale nutritional problem but even then it continues to not only occur but also expose and affect a major chunk of our population.
Some of our hopes are related to the following facts :
The problem is preventable. We launched the National Programme in 1962, meaning thereby that it has already celebrated its Silver Jubilee. A potent and affective weapon iodised salt exists. Salt is a commodity which is consumed universally without wide variations. The cost of prevention through the use of iodised salt is only Rs. 0-50 or 005 Dollars/Year (WHO- 1985). Government has now given every possible facility for the manufacture of iodised salt.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1990-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/14
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 6 No. 3 (1990)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/15
2018-06-01T09:36:19Z
IJCH:EDT
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Sex Education
Srivastava, R N
Sex, though not everything in life, is a profoundly important aspect of human existence. It has evolved to serve more than reproductive functions; relational and recreational functions having taken precedence over procreational. Sex has come to play a much wider socio-psychological function.
Human sexuality is complex and multidimensional. It is subject to influence by multitude of factors often grouped as biological (e.g. genes, hormones), psychological (e.g. fear, anxiety, mood) and socio-cultural (e.g. sex roles, values- religious/moral/ethical, customs). It is the interaction and interrelationship of these factors from the time of conception, through intrauterine life, infancy, childhood and adolescence, till adulthood (even later in life) that determine the sexual development expressed as sexual attitudes and behaviour of the people. Learning, both social and cognitive, plays a significantly important role in such development.
Sexual dysfunctions in men and women, result from factors often categorised as physical or organic and psychological; more often a combination may be involved. Experience has shown that in majority of men and women in India having sexual problems, ignorance misconceptions and prevailing myths are invariably responsible in the causation of Ihese problems. Sexual problems in individual man (e.g. erectile failure) and woman (e.g. vaginismus) cause anxiety, feelings of frustration, lowered self esteem and symptoms of depression. The condition may also affect the spouse; he/she, as a reaction to the problem in the partner, may develop sexual and psychosocial problems including distressed marital relationship. This may also have influence on general couple relationship, effecting adversely the quality of family life.
Modern therapeutic endevours have made it possible now to offer effective therapy to most people who seek help for their sexual problems, thus preventing the consequences on couple relationship. However, there is also scope for prevention of sexual dysfunctions. As the process of sexual development starts from the time of conception and proceeds through infancy, childhood and adolescence till adulthood with learning, both social and cognitive playing a significantly important role after birth,the seed for many sexual problems is often sown enroute to sexual development i.e. from cradle to adulthood.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/15
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/16
2018-08-08T04:08:20Z
IJCH:OA
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Infant mortality in a rural population of Meerut
Prakash, C
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Bhatnagar, M
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Singh, R B
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Garg, S K
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Chopra, H
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Singh, J V
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Bansal, R K
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
Kaushik, P V
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut
A cross sectional study was conducted in eight selected villages of Meerut District [UJP.} to find out infant mortality rate alongwith other various health care delivery practices associated with this. An infant mortality rate of 106.7/1000 LB was found in the study population. Infant mortality was higher in female infants, infants of mothers not availed antenatal care, not received tetanus toxoid, delivered by untrained personnel and where cow-dung was applied to cord stump. Among the causes of infant deaths prematurity or low birth weight was the commonest cause followed by respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases and tetanus neonatorum
Infant mortality in a rural population of meerut
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/16
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/17
2018-06-01T09:36:17Z
IJCH:OA
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Roles of tolazoline hydrochloride in deformity prevention and control
Garg, B S
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Sevagram, Maharashtra
Mathur, J S
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Sevagram, Maharashtra
Tyagi, N K
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Sevagram, Maharashtra
Management of primary and secondary deformities, In the field Is a mqJor difficulty faced by the peripheral health worker. This paper describes a simple method for the correction of deformities. Ill patients with clawing of fingers, 111 patients with neuritis and 54 cases with trophic ulcers were administered perineural injections of Tolazoline hydrochloride. The Improvement in mobility In claw flngers'ranged from 89.5 to 92.1 % Healing of ulcers and improvement In sensory loss Is marked with Tolazoline Injections. This method Is found to be qffecthe in the field conditions.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/17
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/18
2018-06-01T09:36:16Z
IJCH:OA
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Biosocial correlates of perinatal mortality in rural lucknow
Idris, M Z
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Saran, Nanak
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Jain, Savita
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Misra, P K
King George's Medical College, Lucknow
Six hundred and forty three consequltive pregnancies occurring between March to February, 90 in the Mohanlalganj community Development Block of Lucknow District, were registered during second trimester and fotlowed-up till seven days crfte r delivery, for study of perinatal mortality and related blosoclal correlates. A total of 20 still births and 27 Neonatal deaths were recorded out of the six hundred forty nine newborns which included seven twins also. Overall Perinatal Mortality Rate was found to be 72.4 per thousand births. Perinatal Mortality was significantly high among twin deliveries (500 per thousand births), mothers aged below 18 and above 30 years (136.3 and 100 per thousand deliveries respectively), spacing less than IS months (113.4 per thousand deliveries). Gestation age below 28 weeks (1000 deaths per thoitsand births) and among primipara (112.6 per thousand births).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/18
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/19
2018-08-08T04:17:28Z
IJCH:OA
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Impact of hand washing practices on diarrhoea, morbidity among under-five children in jajmau area of kanpur
Saxena, S C
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Agarvval, K L
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Krishna, G
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Chandra, S
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Sharma, S N
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Srivastava, J P
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Gupta, R K
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Gupta, S C
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
Sharma, R P
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur
The present study was designed to find out the prevalence of diarrhoea among under five children in four randomly selected areas of Jajmau, Kanpur and to know the impact of hand washing practices on the childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality. It was observed that the diarrhoeal prevalence was significantly associated with age of child, highest in the age group of 1-3 years belonging to joint families and was also found significantly higher among economically poor Muslim children (66.48%) as compared to Hindu children (43.23%) The diarrhoeal prevalence was observed associated with hand washing practices. The children who did not wash their hands after defecation showed higher prevalence. Even the prevalence was observed higher among those children whose parents did not wash their hands after cleaning the child excreta. The diarrhoeal prevalence was also found higher among those children whose mothers did not wash their hands before feeding the child.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/19
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/20
2018-06-01T09:36:13Z
IJCH:OA
"940630 1994 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Dietary pattern and practices during pregnancy and in puerperium a rural study
Bhardwaj, N
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras
Yunus, M
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras
Hasan, S Badrul
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras
Zaheer, M
Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras
An longitudinal study was carried out for a period of one year from May 1987 to April 1988. 212 pregnant women were registered, in the Jaxuan block of district Aligarh in Western Uttar Pradesh for studying their dietary pattern 81 dietary practices in pregnancy and inpuerperim respectively. There was no significant change in diet during pregnancy but during puerperium there was increase in food consumption as a traditional practice. The mean caloric consumption in various social classes showed a consistent rise with increase in socio-economic status and ranged from 1850 calories in social class V to 2375 calories in social class I. Since 68.6% of women belong to social class IV8iV, the single most important determinent for inadequate calorie intake was poverty. Out of208 babies born, 52 babies could only be weighed Si they were all low birth weight babies with an average weight of2.1 kg.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1994-06-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/20
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 7 No. 2 (1994)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/21
2018-06-01T09:36:11Z
IJCH:EDT
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Empowerment of rural masses in health sector
Mathur, J S
The health status of 80% population residing in rural areas has not improved to desired goals from the basic health services provided to them. Local people have remained indifferent to them. They should be equal partners in the management of health services operating in their areas, therefore, a process needs to be designed to create conditions to know of economic, social and health problems for the whole community with their active participation and fullest possible relience upon the communities initiative to solve them.
A community development programme was launched on 2nd Oct. 1952 in first five year plan and was hailed as a programme "of the people, for the people, by the people" to exterminate the triple enemies - poverty illness and ignorance. The community development programmes were envisaged as a multipurpose programme cordinated for agriculture, social welfare, education and health. .
It is currently recognized that despite of expansion of the primary health care infra structure upto village level, a comprehensive and effective approach to community health has not been yet achieved. Local community is not sufficiently involved in its own health care, consequently the impact in terms of community health remains small. A comprehensive and integrated approach to community health for population control and response to family welfare planning depends more than any other factor but on an assurance of survival of the children and by creating the right environment for small family norms. All this and change in attitude for the desire of a male child and improvement in low status of women is possible by community itself. Low rate of literacy in women, early marriage of girls are seriously impending the
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/21
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/22
2018-06-01T09:36:09Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A report of sample survey on births and deaths in agra district
Nandan, Deoki
Goel, N
Pandey, D N
Singh, S
Barnwal, G D
The government of India has considered Agra to be made a ‘target free district'for MCH and family welfare programmes. For Intervention of this strategy, it is necessary to know the current trends of births, deaths and other parameters related to mother and child health, present study was undertaken in selected rural and urban slum areas of Agra district, covering total population of44,868. It was found that birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate was higher in rural area as compared to urban area. Maximum number of births were recorded during October and November and death rate vraj higher during November and December. Main causes of infact mortality ;were prematurity, low birth weight, diarrhoea and pnettmonie and that of maternal mortality were puerperal sepsis and haemorrhage
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/22
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/23
2018-06-01T09:36:12Z
IJCH:OA
"950630 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Evaluation of pre and post training practices regarding management of diabetes
Mohanty, M
Nanda, S
Sant, N
Agarwal, J K
The study was conducted on 112 diabetic patients in S.S. Hospital.Varanasi to evaluate the pre- and post- training practices regarding management of Diabetes mellitus. A pre-tested structured respondent schedule urn used to collect information regarding the socio-economic status and some of the managerial aspects of the disease by questionaire cum interview method. Education cum training was imparted to all the respondents in the first three months and in the fourth month evaluation programme was carried out and their level ofpractive regarding different aspects of diabetic management were assessed by using seven point score method. It was found that training was proved effective for the aspect "Physical exercise" and "Restricted diet" but slight improvement in the practive score was seen in "Precaution in Special Hygienic Condition" aspects. So. continuous education programme was needed to improve their practice rate.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/23
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/24
2018-06-01T09:36:08Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Natural history of therapeutic management in oral cancer
Mohapatra, S C
Srivastava, V K
Mohapatra, P
Gupta, J NP
Tandon, J
The natural history of a diseases is greatly influenced by the course of therapeutic management. Just after the tissue stage of the disease is aver. The cure rate of diseases, particularly those of cancers, could probably be modified to a greater extent, if the natural history of the therapeutic management is understood properly, so that the community education programme be organised in the proper direction, to trigger early diagnosis. Home remedy urn the first preference of 76.8% of oral cancer cases, 64.6% preferred traditional unqualified practitioners as their 2nd preference of place of treatment for oral cancer. Thus during the stage of fa stigium a case oj oral cancer gets frustrated with the hospital treatment and awaits death counting his days
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/24
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/25
2018-06-01T09:36:07Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Nasal and hand carriage of bacteria in different groups of persons in a teaching hospital in India
Ganguly, Parthasarathi
Yunus, Mohammad
Khan, Asif-Uz- Zaman
Malik, Abida
275 persons of different categories were studiedfor nasal and hand carnage of different pathogenic bacteria. Overall carriage rate was 54.5%. Doctors and paramedical staff had higher bacterial carriage rate in comparison to other groups. Though Staphylococcus aureus iwu the commonest organism isolated from both nose and skin, earners of Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas and Klebsiella group ofgramnegative bacilli was also observed. Nasal carrier were commonest than dermal carriage
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/25
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/26
2018-06-01T09:34:17Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A socio-medical study of morphological changes in endocervix with the use of oral contraceptives
Saxena, S C
Saxena, Meena
Singh, G
Singh, Mamta
Ganguli, Gauri
Srivastava, J P
The present study was conducted among the oral contraceptive users to see any impact of their socialfactors on the morphological changes in the en- docervix. These changes were seen more prominantly in the advancing age, low socio-economic group multiparous and having their marital life more than 5 years period. The oral contraceptives were taken by 53.33 percent ofwomen for 7-18 months duration. The prevalence and severity of the morphological change increased significantly with the increase in duration 'of use of contraceptives. However no relationship was observed with the religion and nativity of the users as well as the types of oral contraceptives used.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/26
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/27
2018-06-01T09:34:16Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Infant feeding practices and its impact on the prevalence of protein energy malnutrition infant feeding practices and its impact on the prevalence of protein energy malnutrition
Nanda, S
Mishra, C P
Shukla, A
Samantaray, P
Mohanty, M
Protein-Energy-Malnulrition is an important Public Hea Ith Problem among infants and young children. Though poverty is known to be the major factor but faulty feeding habits arising out of ignorance often lead to inadequate intake of essential nutrients by the infant. In order to find out the actual prevailing feeding practices and its impact on the nutritional status of infants this study conducted in one urban andtivo rural units of Varanasi district by adopting appropriate sampling procedure. In a II mothers of360 infants (120 in each study un it) were interviewed regarding breastfeeding practices, dilution and nature of top milk, age of introducing supplementaryfeeding etc. It was observed that the o verall prevalence of PEM was significantly higher in bottle fed group (72.73%) than spoonfed group (40.11%). Similarly the prevalence of PEM was 67.86% in late weaned group as compared to 48.38% in optimum weaned group.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/27
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/28
2018-06-01T09:34:14Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Case control study of Electrocardiographic changes in pregnant women
Singh, Sharddha
Mohan, Uday
Shukla, N
Pandey, S
Singh, S S
Pandey, U S
Tiwari, S
Pregnancy causes significant haemodynamic changes and imposes stress on the cardiovascular system. Many healthy women develop signs and symptoms of cardiovascular overload during pregnancy. Knowledge of established normal changes in EKG during normal pregnancy is important. The aim of our study was to detect any early damage to myocardium during pregnancy with the help of electrocardiography. Total of 20 pregnant and 20 non pregnant women were studied. The most significant change observed in ECG was T wave inversion with odds ratio 7.43 (95%. Cl = 1.49 to 41.00. P= 0.005). Stratified analysis showed that there was no confounding role of age in the relationship of T wave inversion and ECG findings.
Moreover, a significant relationship between anaemia and T wave inversion was also observed. (0=1.74 ? 1101.06; P= 0.007).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/28
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/29
2018-06-01T09:34:12Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A profile of ocular diseases among school children in slum areas of kanpur
Sharma, R P
Gupta, R K
Krishna, Gopal
Srivastava, J P
Saxena, S C
Srivastava, V K
Sharma, S N
Singh, V P
Chandra, S
A prevalence study of ocular diseases carried out among 584 School Children in Kanpur slums revealed the overall prevalence of37.84%; 46.67% in females and34.37% in males. Younger age group children were more affected. The major diseases were refractive errors, trachoma, vit. A deficiency and conjunctivities.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/29
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/30
2018-06-01T09:34:11Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Preventing anaemia in pregnancy - need for intensive IEC Activities
Bhardwaj, A K
Ahluwalia, S K
Vaidya, N K
A Study to know the compliance rale of IFA tablets in respect of collection and consumption was carried out in three districts of Himachal Pradesh covering 90 clusters. Out of total women interviewed with childless than one year, only 94.8% had collected IFA tablets. 41.9% and 10% women had consumed these tablets for 60 and 100 days respectively. Majority of women did not consume these tablets with the reason that medicine is taken on ly during illness and as such they don't require these tablets. Intrusive Information, Education and Communication activities are stressed in the paper.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/30
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/31
2018-06-01T09:34:10Z
IJCH:OA
"950930 1995 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Morbidity status of slum dwelling children of lucknow city
Khanna, Anish
Jain, V C
Srivastava, V K
Jain, Savita
Mohan, Uday
The presen study was carried out to find out the level of morbidity among slum childreni aged 5-14 years, It was found tha t46.4% of children were ill at the lime of study. The prevalence of various illnesses hcu studied. An aiuilysis of morbidity with social variables mi not found to be significant. 19.3% children has dental disorders and 45.8% children has parasites infestation of llieG I Tract. 57.6% of children vere having one or the other behavioural problems.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1995-09-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/31
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 8 No. 2,3 (1995)
eng
Copyright (c)
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/32
2018-06-01T09:34:08Z
IJCH:EDT
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Emerging Infectious Diseases-Global Alert-Global Response
Khan, Asifuzzaman
"Emerging Infectious Diseases-Global Alert-Global Response". When the term 'alert' is used it indicates an emergency and if we do not respond adeptly, catastrophe becomes imminent. The World Health Day theme of 1997 very aptly draws the attention of both, the providers as well as the consumers of health care facilities, to gear up and engage the entire health machinary to combat these emerging infectious diseases. The problem with which we are confronted is not only the emergence of nearly 30 or more infectious diseases, which have surfaced in the recent past but also the resurfacing or re-emergence of certain diseases, which were believed to have declined or been eliminated.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/32
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/33
2018-06-01T09:34:06Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Psychosocial factors influencing acceptance of laparoscopic tubal ligation
Singh, M P
Srivastava, R K
Bachani, D
Parikh, M A
Research Problem: What are the psychosocial factors influencing acceptance of laparoscopic tubal ligation? Objectives: To study psychosocial factors influencing acceptance of laparoscopic tubal ligation. Study Design: Hospital based study by questionnaire method. Setting: Postpartum unit of Irwin Group of Hospitals, M.P. Shah, MedicalCollege, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Participants: Acceptors of laparoscopic tubal ligation. Sample Size: 500 acceptors. Study Variables: Age of acceptor, family size, contraceptive use. Statistical Analysis: By proportions. Result: Out of 500 acceptors, 58% belonged to rural areas. Mean number of children per acceptor was 4.01 ± 1.8. Mean age of acceptor was 28.3±4.3years. 76.8% of the acceptors did not use any contraceptive prior to acceptance of laparoscopic tubal ligation. An important finding of the study was that monetary incentives had no role in acceptance of tubal ligation.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/33
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/34
2018-06-01T09:34:05Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Iodization status of common salt in districts of western Uttar Pradesh
Garg, S K
Singh, J V
Bhatnagar, M
Chopra, H
Research Problem: What is the amount of iodine in common salt samples. Objective: To estimate theamountof iodine in common salt samples. Study Design: Population based cross - sectional study. Setting: Randomly selected six districts of western U.P. Sample: Two salt samples randomly collected from house holds of each block area of the district. Sample Size: 152 salt samples. Study Variables: Iodine content in salt samples. Statistical Analysis: By chi - square test. Result: Unsatisfactory level of iodine was found in 52% of the salt samples. Crystal salt samples were more poorly iodized (70.9%) than powder salt samples (41.2%). Recommendations: Strict enforcement of ban on the sale of non-iodised salt.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/34
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/35
2018-06-01T09:34:04Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Study Of Knowledge, Beliefs & Attitudes Towards Leprosy Among Patients Of Leprosy
Alam, Mahjabeen
Yunus, M
Kalam, A
Khan, A
Research Problem: What is the level of Knowledge and attitudes of leprosy patients towards leprosy? Objectives: To assess the knowledge, beliefs and attitude towards leprosy in leprosy patients. Study Design: Hospital - based study by questionnaire method. Setting and Participants: Leprosy patients attending Dermatology OPD. J.N. Medical College Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh. Sample Size: 200 leprosy patients. Study Variables: Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes regarding leprosy. Outcome Variables: Percentage of patients having correct Knowledge and positive attitude. Statistical Analysis : By proportions. Results: Ignorance about leprosy is still rampant. 81 % of the patients were not aware of the cause of disease. 89.5% did not know whether the disease was preventable. 91 % patients were optimistic that the disease was curable. 60% of the patients became anxious on learning the diagnosis of the disease. Relations were strained with spouse in 6% cases after learning the diagnosis of the disease. Conclusions: Most of the patients had very little knowledge about leprosy, but they were optimistic about the cure of the disease. Interestingly, not much social stigma was encountered by the patients. Recommendations : Raising the literacy status of the population
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/35
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/36
2018-06-01T09:34:02Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Perceptions Of Adolescent Students Regarding Aids And Sexuality Among Senior Secondary Schools In Agra
Sirohi, Vandana
Prakash, Bhakt
Nandan, Deoki
Gupta, G K
Research Problem: What is the perception of adolescent students regarding AIDS and sexuality? Objective : To study the perceptions of adolescent students regarding AIDS and sexuality. Study Design : Cross - sectional study by questionnaire method. Setting and Participants: Students from stratified randomly selected schools of Agra. Sample Size: 495 senior secondary school students. Study Variables: Modes of transmission, unnatural sex, sources of information on sex. Statistical Analysis: By proportions. Results : Most students had adequate knowledge about the modes of transmission 16.7% believed AIDS to be peculiar to CSW and homosexuals. 1/4th believed they could never get AIDS. 3/5th of the students felt they would not disclose it to their partners if they had AIDS, especially females. Recommendations: A multisectoral effort has to be undertaken on a war-footing to fight AIDS.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/36
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/37
2018-06-01T09:34:01Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A Study Of Fungal Colonization In Newborn
Husain, S Rashid
Malik, M Ashraf
Malik, Abida
Research Problem: What are the factors responsible for fungal colonization in newborns? Objective: To study the pattern of and predisposing factors for the development of superficial candidiasis and fungal colonization in the newborns. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Neonatology unitof the Paediatrics department of a teaching hospital. Participants: Randomly selected pregnant mothers admitted to the maternity ward and the newborns delivered to them. Sample Size: 120 pregnant mothers and the newborns delivered. Study Variables: Candida, Site of colonization. Statistical Analysis: By tests of significance Results: Candida was isolated from 23 (19.16%) infants on the first day increasing to 52 (43.33%) infants on the sixth day. The most common site of colonization was oral cavity. Candida colonization was more common in premature infants (p<0.05). Oral thrush was seen in 29 (24.17%) infants during the study and a significant number of these infants showed colonization from the first day of life. Conclusions: Fungal colonization of the newborns due to Candida species is quite common, and in the first week of life predominantly occurred in the ora I cavity. Superficial clinical candidiasis, especially oral thrush is more common in those colonized on the first day of life.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/37
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/38
2018-06-01T09:33:59Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Perceptions About Sex Related Myths And Misconceptions: Difference In Male And Female
Raizada, Anupam
Gupta, S B
Kumar, Arun
Research problem: Perceptions about sex-re- iated myths and misconceptions. Objectives: To identify the difference in perceptions of mates and females over sex-reiated myths and misconceptions. Study Design - Community based cross sectional study. Setting - Self-administered questionnaire study was undertaken in an urban area of Jhansi. Participants - Married couples with reproductive age wife. Sample size - 417 couples of the area. Study Variables-Sex-related myths and misconceptions. Outcome Variables - Masturbation, Penis-size and sexual performance, STD transmission. Intercourse with virgin and cure of STDs, Initiation of sexual act, Bleeding on first night. Statistical analysis - By chi - square test. Results: Response rate 63.8%. Only 8.6% females and 33.7% males knew correctly about masturbation. Males also knew better about route of STD infection (73.5%) and about the fact that intercouse with a virgin cannot cure STDs (47.4%). Females, however, outnumber males on the question of relation between man's penis size and his sexual performance (70%), initiation of sexual act (58.6%) and bleeding in females on first night of marriage (70%). Conclusion: Males and females had significantly different perceptions on sex related myths and misconceptions. Recommendations: Sex education campaigns should be designed and implemented to eliminate these age old sex related myths and misconceptions.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/38
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/39
2018-06-01T09:33:58Z
IJCH:OA
"970430 1997 eng "
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Factors Influencing Acceptance Of Contraceptive Methods
Gupta, Anita
Sharma, A K
Kannan, A T
Research Problem: What are the factors influencing acceptance of contraceptive methods. Objective: To study the determinants influencing contraceptive acceptance. Study design: Population based cross - sectional study. Setting: Rural area of East Delhi. Participants: Married women in the reproductive age group. Sample:Stratified sampling technique was used to draw the sample. Sample Size: 328 married women of reproductive age group. Study Variables: Socio-economic status, Type of contraceptive, Family size, Male child. Outcome Variables: Acceptance of contraceptives Statistical Analysis: By proportions. Result: Prevalence of use of contraception at the time of data collection was 40.5%. Tubectomy and vasectomy were most commonly used methods. (59.4%, n - 133). Educational status of the women positively influenced the contraceptive acceptance but income did not. Desire for more children was single most important deterrent for accepting contraception. Recommendations: (i) Traditional method of contraception should be given more attention. (ii) Couplesshould be brought in the contraceptive use net at the early stage of marriage.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/39
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/40
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A Socio-Clinical Profile Of Cases Of Laparoscopic Sterilization Performed At Institution And Camps
Tewari, k
Hakim, S
Begum, R
Research Question: What is the socio-clinical profile of cases of laparoscopic sterilization performed at the institution and camps. Objectives: To study the (1) socio-clinical aspect of laparoscopic ligations. (2) complications and the failure rate. Study Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Females coming for sterilization at the O-.P.D. and post-partum centre. Participants: 9088 females of reproductive age group. Study Variables: Age group, social class, residence, education, number of living children. Outcome Variables: Proportion of women who came for sterilization, ligations performed at hospital. Results: Demographic characteristics showed that 5658 (62.2%) and 3430 (37.8%) were from rural and urban areas respectively. Socio-economically , 80% cases belonged to low socio-enonomic class. As regards the literacy status, 5500 (60.5%) of the patients were illiterate and 2600 (28.6%) of them had received only primary education. The age group which commonly accepted sterilization in 5056 cases (55.6%) was 31-35 years. The parity in our study showing highest incidence of laparoligation. i.e. 36.17% was 5. Our complication rate was 0.5% and failure rate 0.6%. Conclusions: Our experience of about 15 years shows that laparoscopic sterilization is a simple, safe, easy method and acceptable to the rural and even illiterate masses in this region. In the event of pregnancy, this permanent method is more acceptable
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/41
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A case study of human hepatic hydatidosis and the biochemical Profile of cyst wall and fluid
Malik, Irshadullah
Wajih, .
Nizami, A
The non specific haematological changes and negative Casoni's test suggest that ultrasonography is more reliable for the diagnosis and epidemiological studies of human hydatidosis. The majo.r biochemical components like glycogen, proteins, nucleic acids, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, free fatty acids and phospholipid fractions were analysed and compared with the other host's cysts. The differences were discussed in the light of strain variations in Echinococcus granulosus.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/42
2018-06-01T09:33:53Z
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Recent Developments In Surgery Laser
Ansari, Maulana Mohd.
Laser is one of the few recent developments in surgery that need clear understanding not only by the medical students and professionals but also by the public at large which constitutes the subject of surgery.
Laser, first successfully developed by Americans in 1960 is an acronym that stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation[1]. Lasers utilize high energy waves within the electromagnetic spectrum to produce heat for the surgical effects of cutting, ablation (vaporization) and coagulation[2]. Lasers work on the principle of Radiation Heat Transfer, i.e., the laser beams contain no inherent heat and the electrodes of "bovie" units are not hot. They both transmit radiation energy. Heat is created only when the tissue absorbs the transmitted radiation and converts it to motion in its atoms and molecules. This is exactly the way a microwave oven works only at different frequencies.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-04-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 1 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/43
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Editorial
Khan, Asif Uz Zaman
The arthropod menace is hovering around us once again. Breeding of different species of mosquitoes in urban and semi - urban localities is posing a threat ,and if preventive measures are not adopted immediately, the situation can become explosive once again. Diseases like malaria, filaria, dengue and, may be, yellow fever can become rampant if measures are not adopted on a war footing to curb these scourges. Falciprim malaria and dengue haemorrhagic fever are known for evoking a catastrophe leading to a very high case fatality rate. The new dengue disease paradigm is prevalent now in Latin America and the Caribbean sin.ce last year. Its emergence as a major health problem has been most dramatic in the American region. The epidemic of dengue fever with haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and shock syndrome (DSS) from mid August to end of Noveihber, 1996, had occurred in the national capital territory of Delhi, which was the worst ever in Indian history. Type II dengue virus has been identified as the causative agent in a number of clinical samples. There were in all about 10,000 cases with over 400 deaths. Dengue has been known to be endemic in India for over two centuries as a benign and self limiting disease. However, in the recent years, the disease has changed its course, manifesting in a severe form as DHF/DSS wiith increasing frequency.The new lethal manifestation of an old benign disease broke out in Manila in the Philippines for the first time in 1953 - 54. It, then, attacked Bangkok in Thailand in 1958. DHF had been raging in our immediate neighbourhood, Myanmar since 1970. Cambodia has seen a severe outbreak of DHF recently.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/43
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/44
2018-06-01T09:33:50Z
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An Overview Of Risk Factors For Coronary Heart Disease And Prevention Strategies
Siddiqui, M A
In developed countries, coronary heart disease (CHD) accounts for 40-50% of all deaths, while 1 5-35% of all cardiac admissions in hospitals in our country are due to coronary heart disease1. The prevalence of CHD in our country varies from 1.7% to 6.5%2 and is rising, affecting young and middle aged persons in prime of their life and career 3a and it is said that CHD will replace infectious diseases as the major killer in India by year 2015 A.D.3b. Indian immigrants settled abroad have higher incidence and higher mortality as compared to native population. 4jb. The famous cardiologist Paul Dudley White has said "Heart disease before the age 80 is not God's will but due to our own faults" and it is the same message as given by Charaka about 30 centuries back, in 1000 B.C., who emphasized the role of overeating, heavy and fatty meals , worries and sedentary habits in causation of heart disease5. The human and economic costs of such a situation are very heavy. Atherosclerosis, the term introduced by Marchand in 1904, is the lipid rich lesion in the innermost layer of the arteries which is responsible for the majority of cases of myocardial and cerebral infarction. The endothelial lining of the artery is in direct and continuous contact with blood and interaction of blood cells & other constituents with the endothelium gives rise to atherosclerosis. This lesion presents as either fatty streak which is made up of foam cells, lipids & T lymphocytes and occurs early, commonly in children or fibrous plaque consisting of dense connective tissue, lipid droplets, smooth muscle cells, macrophages & T lymphocytes. Platelets adhere and aggregate to ulcerated or fissured plaques.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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A study of knowledge beliefs and attitudes regarding aids and human sexuality among medical college, engineering college and university Undergraduates of gorakhpur.
Misra, Puneet
Rai, Sandeep
Srivastava, D K
Upadhyay, A K
Pandey, O N
Mehrotra, S K
Research Problem: i) What is the level of knowledge and altitude of undergraduates about AIDS and human sexuality? ii) What arc the preferred modes of obtaining such knowledge?. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of undergraduate students regarding AIDS and human sexuality. Study Design: Self administered questionnaire. Setting and Participants: 1289 undergraduates from B.R.D. Medical College., M. M. M. Engineering College and University of Gorakhpur. Study Variables: Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes regarding AIDS and sexuality. Outcome Variables: Proportion of students having correct knowledge and positive attitudes.
Statistical Analysis: By proportions.
Result: l.evcl of knowledge about AIDS was generally high. Most of the students obtained knowledge about it through mass media. Few students had misconceptions about transmission of 1IIV infection. Knowledge about sex was obtained mainly from friends (36%) and books (31.31%). Most of the students preferred doctors (44.15%) and friends (43.66%) for asking something about sex. and not their parents (4.37%) or teachers (4.61%). 59.13% of boys and 34.49% of girls thought that students of their age had sex.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The most peculiar fact in (his study is that students have no reliable means of obtaining correct information about subjects related to sex. Medical profession contributed very little in providing such knowledge. Most of them relied on their friends for such information. So. emphasis is to be given on recommending proper education material for the youth.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/45
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/46
2018-06-01T09:33:47Z
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Immunization Status Of Lame Children In Aligarh District
Kumar, Neelam
Khan, A Z
Research Problem:Immunization profile of under five lame children in district Aligarh.
Objectives: i) To assess the prevalence of lameness among polio vaccinated and unvaccinated children.
ii) To assess lameness in relation to their overall immunization status and source of immunization.
Study Design : Cross - sectional epidemiological study.
Participants: Under five children.
Sample Size: 10,020 under five children drawn from 30
clusters of Aligarh district.
Study Variable: Immunization status of participant children.
Outcome Variable: Lameness among immunized and unimmunized children.
Statistical Analysis: Tests of proportion.
Result: Among the vaccinated (had at least one dose of OPV) children , prevalence of lameness was 2.0/1,000, while among unvaccinated children, prevalence was 8.8/1,000. This difference was statistically significant (X3= 30, d.f. = 1 P < 0.001). Conclusion and Recommendations: i)Immunization of target children with OPV is an effective preventive measure to lower down the prevalence of lameness in children, ii) Apart from continuing routine immunization, there is need of gearing up catch - up and mop - up rounds of polio immunization. iii) The strategy of pulse polio immunization is needed to be executed year after year until poliomyelitis is eradicated. iv) Community based surveillance and sentinel surveillance of poliomyelitis should be expanded to all remote and far flung areas.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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Psycho-Social Behavioural Problems In Urban Primary School Children
Gupta, S C
Dabral, S B
Nandan, Deoki
Mehrotra, A K
Shrotriya, V P
Maheshwari, B B
Research Problem: What is the magnitude and correlates of psychosocial behavioural problems in primary school children of an urban area. Objectives: i) To know the prevalence of psychosocial behavioural problems in primary school children of Agra Corporation. ii) To see the impact of various biosocial factors on the prevalence of above problems. Design: Cross sectional study by questionnaire method and observation. Setting: Primary schools run by Agra Corporation. Participants: All the children studying in 7 primary schools selected from 108 schools run by Agra Corporation. Sample Size: 520 primary school children. Study Variables: Age, sex, socio-economic class and family size. Statistical Analysis: By percentage, Z - test and Chi-square test. Result: A majority of the study children (63.7%) were having some psychosocial behavioural problem or the other, the most common problem being educational difficulties (59.8%), The average number of problems per child was 2.9. The prevalence was highest in children from middle-sized families of low socioeconomic class and in age group above 13 years.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/47
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/48
2018-06-01T09:33:44Z
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Social Profile Of The Aged In An Urban Population
Khan, J A
Khan, Z
Khan, A Z
Khan, A
Yunus, M
Research Problem: What is the socio-demographic profile of urban aged population in Aligarh city. Objectives: i) To describe the socio-demographic profile of the aged population in an urban area, ii) To describe the attitude of these people. Design:Cross-sectional study. Setting : Urban areas of Aligarh city. Participants : 3951 persons aged 60 years and above Study Variables: Socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes. Statistical Analysis : By proportions. Result: 15% of the total stimated elderly population covering all 10 sectors of Aligarh city was studied. The majority ofthe elderly (72.4%) belonged to 60-70 years age group. Most of them (77.2%) were illiterate, 61.6% belonged to lower socio-economic classes (IV & V), 78.1 % lived in joint families. 39.6% of the aged felt that they were not being given due respect by family members. Nearly half of them had an indifferent or unhappy attitude towards life. Conclusion: The socio-demographic characteristics of the aged are important and must be kept in mind for developing programs to assist them in living as respectful senior citizens.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/48
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/49
2018-06-01T09:33:42Z
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Age At Menarche And Risk Of Cancer Cervix
Gawande, Vaishali V
Wahab, S N
Zodpey, S P
Vasudeo, N D
Research Problem: What is the role of early mcnarche as a risk factor in the outcome of cancer cervix? Objective: To investigate the role of early menarche as a risk factor for cancer cervix. Study Design: Hospital based, group matched, case control study. Setting: Gynaecology Clinic, Govt. Medical College Hospital, Nagpur. Participants: The study was carried out on 230 incident cases of cancer cervix confirmed by histopathology and equal number of controls selected from female patients admitted to the study hospital for conditions other than gynaecological cancers and showing pap smear within normal limits. The controls were group matched for 5 years class interval. Study Variable: Age at menarche. Statistical Analysis: Univariate analysis was done using Pearson's chi - square test and Odds Ratio while Adjusted Odds Ratio was calculated by using Unconditional Multiple Logistic Regression. Attributable and Population-Attributable Risk Proportion were also calculated. Result: A significant trend was observed towards increasing cancer cervix risk with decreasing age at menarche. Study subjects who had menarche before 13 years of age were at a significantly higher risk of cancer cervix. Various statistical characteristics endorsed this findings. Conclusion: The study identified a significant association of early menarche with cervical cancer. Recommendation: Independent and interactive role of early menarche in the outcome of cancer cervix needs further exploration by conducting studies involving multiple factors and using multivariate analysis.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/49
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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Utilization of services from a mobile health clinic in rural areas Of aligarh district
Amir, A
Khan, A Z
Ganguly, P S
Research Problem: What is the pattern of utilization of services from the Mobile Health Clinic? Objective: To study the morbidity pattern and coverage and quality of health services in a specified population. Study Design: Population based cross - sectional study. Setting; Rural areas of Aligarh district in field practice area under ROME SCHEME. Participants: All patients attending the Mobile Health Clinic during the calender year 1995. Sample Size: i) 12106 patients for clinic record analysis, ii) 4735 patients above 18 years of age for interview schedule Study Variables: Demographic profiles, socio-economic characteristics, common ailments, morbidity pattern, present level of health awareness, satisfaction from the services received. Statistical Analysis: By proportions. Result: Majority of the patients were under 25 years of age. Large number of patients visited the clinic during the rainy season. Skin diseases were the most frequent (35.96%). The present level of health awareness is unsatisfactory. 65% respondents were satisfied with the services received. Recommendations: Visit schedule must be weekly to prevent the patietns from seeking alternative sources of medical care. Attachment of medico-social workers with the clinic will greatly improve the health promotional activities. More time should be allowed for better doctor - patient communication.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/51
2018-06-01T09:33:40Z
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Cerebral Palsy: Still A Social Problem
Bisharda, Angom
Goel, S P
Upadhyay, V K
Sharma, D K
Research Problem: What arc the social aspects of cerebral palsy? Objective: To determine the extent and severity of neuromuscular involvement in cases of cerebral palsy and to find out the associated defects among these children. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital, outdoor patients.
Participants: Children in the age group of 0 - 12 years. Sample Size: 120 children suffering from cerebral palsy. Study Variables: Social factors, neuromuscular involvement. Statistical Analysis: By proportions Result: Out of 120 cases, maximum number of cases (66.6%) were in the age group of 1- 4 years. 83 cases ( 69.16%) were males. Among the various types, spastic type was the commonest (87.5%). Of these spastic cases, 52 (49.52%) had quadriplegia. No case of tremor and rigidity was seen. Delayed milestones was the commonest associated disorder, seen in 107 (89.16%) cases, followed by speech defect in 58(48.3%) cases, visual defect in 34(28.3%) cases and convulsions in 24 (20.0%) cases. Hearing defect was seen in 5 cases (4.16%) only. Conclusion: More concerted efforts arc required to identify children with cerebral palsy and rehabilitate them for the betterment of society.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/51
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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2018-06-01T09:33:38Z
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Effect Of Smoking On Thyroid Status In Depression
Saxena, Jalaj
Singh, P N
Srivastavaq, Uma
Siddiqui, A Q
Research Problem: Whal is Ihe impact of smoking cigarettes on thyroid functions in depression patients. Objective: To estimate T3, T4 and TSH in depressed smokers. Study Design: Hospital based clinical study. Setting: Psychiatry out - door patients. Participants: Depression patients with or without history of smoking. Sample Size: Twenty five patients of depression. Study Variables: Smoking, Non - smoking, T3 , T4 , TSH Statistical Analysis: Student t- test. Result: The patients of both the study group and control group had subnormal T3 but in smokers it was significantly lower than in non - smoker patients. T4 was within the normal range in both the groups, but it was significantly higher in smokers. TSH levels were normal in both the groups of patients and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: A low T3 state exists in depression with further worsening of the condition in depressed patients who smoke, which might have an impact on therapeutic outcome. Therefore, avoidance of smoking in depression patients is suggested
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/53
2018-06-01T09:33:36Z
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Aids Awareness, Knowledge And Attitude Amongst The Senior Secondary School Teachers In East Delhi Schools
Pandit, Kusum
Bhasin, Sanjeev
Dubey, K K
Aggarwal, O P
Research Problem: What is the level of awareness about AIDS amongst senior secondary school teachers? Objective: To study the level of awareness, knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS amongst senior secondary school teachers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study by questionnaire method. Setting: 2 randomly selected government schools of East. Delhi. Sample Size: 74 school teachers. Study Variables: Mode of transmission, preventive measures, social outcasting, Family Life Style Education. Statistical Analysis: By tests of significance. Result: 25.6% respondents thought that HIV/AIDS was curable after IEC intervention. In general, the awareness level increased after the IEC intervention. 77% of the teachers recommended that Family Life Style Education should be started from middle school level onwards. 47.2% recommended doctors as the most suitable persons to impart the same.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/54
2018-06-01T09:33:35Z
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Recent Developments In Surgery:Cryosurgery
Ansari, Maulana
Cryosurgery means freezing of living tissues for sufficient time to cause necrosis as a treatment of surgical diseases. Improvement in cryogenics have made it possible to obtain tissue temperatures as low as - 190°C. The mechanism of cellular death involves intracellular crystallization with uniform death of all cells within the frozen solid area - a sort of 'thermal shock’ due to physical changes in cell wall and intracellular biochemical changes. It is associated with thrombosis of microcirculation and hence the term ’bloodless knife’. Since intense cooling numbs the sensations, it obviates the need of anaesthesia totally.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-08-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 2 (1997)
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Editorial
Khan, Asif uz- Zaman
Community Psychiatry in India is an upcoming branch in the field ofpsychiatry as well as Community Medicine. The need for this discipline has dawned in a big way recently on account of increasing deviant human behaviour resulting from the exuberant mental stress and strain of rapid industrialization and rbanization. The earlier concept ofpsychiatric illnesses and other psychosomatic conditions have changed a great deal over the years. The term lumatic or insane is no more considered a sophisticated terminology for describing a person who is mentally ill. The euphemism which is in vogue nowadays ensures that even those who are mentally sick deserve a place in society and have the fundamental right to live a life of dignity and respect. Psychiatry today is perhaps more concerned with the modern life style resulting in the so called mental wear and tear, rather than exclusive organic lesions causing a pathological mental state. The boundries of psychiatry are no more confined or restricted to marked mental derangement manifesting as Manic Depresive Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Paranoia and other serious mental illnesses, but also envisages situations heralding the onset of an alteration in normal human behaviour. The spectrum of mental illnesses may range from mild infrequent anxiety and simple depression to very serious psychosis. The pendulum can swing either way resulting at times in creating paradoxical situations, so much so that the manifestation of such a disorder can be diagnosed only by a qualified psychiatrist. It will be very much relevant to mention at this juncture that what may appear as a simple case of social withdrawl or decreased performance at school or work, could be due to major psychosis, which later on may turn out to be extremely detrimental for the patient as well as his associates. The changing social, economic and cultural pattern, so much prevalent in the country today may be at times responsible for various mental disorders, which earlier did not demand so much of medical attention. Psychiatric consultations are becoming increasingly more frequent in the industrialised countries of the world. It seems that in not too distant future it should become an important component ofthe health care delivery system in nearly all developing countries ofthe world, including India. During yesteryears, there was a social stigma attached to people suffer ing from mental disorders. Persons once declared insane, were either admitted in lunatic asylums or ostracized. However, when one goes down the memory lane, he will appreciate that graually the awareness created in the modern society has changed the perception of psychiatric
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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2018-06-01T09:33:32Z
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Health And Social Status Of Senior Citizens In Rural Areas
Lal, Sunder
Mohan, Brij
Punia, M S
Research Problem: What is the quality of life of the elderly people, as also the available support system, in rural areas? Objectives:i) To determine the demographic profile of elderly ii) To assess the socio-economic, nutritional, health, morbidity and dependency status, and health care utilization. Study Design: Population based cross sectional study. Setting: Community Development Block - Lakhanmajra Participants: Persons above the age of 65 years. Sample Size: 809 elderly above the age of 65 years. Study Variables: Demographic profile, Literacy, Occupation, Health, Nutrition, Mobility, Dependency, Substance abuse, Support system. Statistical Analysis: By simple proportions. Result: In this study, majority ofthe elderly were self reliant and mobile, being an asset to the family and led socially useful and productive lives. Their predominant problems were visual impairment, joint pains, respiratory diseases and hearing impairment. Joint family and government pension was the major support system to the elderly. However, there is an imperative need to organize education, training and special service programmes for the elderly at the village level.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/56
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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2018-06-01T09:33:31Z
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Social Stigma In Leprosy
Alam, Mahjabeen
Yunus, M
Kalam, A
Tahseen, M
Leprosy is a disease associated with a strong social stigma and fear. This is due to the disfigurations and crippling which it causes, resulting in socio-economic hardships for the victims. Also, misconceptions and erroneous beliefs about leprosy abound, even now, and in almost all the sections of the population. The human and social impact and the age - old prejudices against the disease add insult to injury. Even the law, and media have played a very damaging role for the leprosy patients by perpetuating the stigma of leprosy. The strategy for elimination of leprosy must specially stress on the psycho-social aspects of the disease and also the rehabilitation of the leprosy patient in the home, work place and society. There is absolutely no need to regard leprosy as ‘special’ and the well - being of leprosy patients should become an integral part of the general health services of the community.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/57
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/58
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Pattern of ARI Among under fives in kanpur
Srivastava, V K
Srivastava, J P
Gupta, R C
Gupta, S C
Sharma, S N
Gupta, R K
Sharma, R P
Research Problem: What are the prevailing AR1 trends and its correlates in hospital admitted patients? Objectives: 1) To know the proportion of ARI cases among hospital admissions. 2) To find out the distribution pattern of ARI 3) To identify priority groups for action. Study Design: Hospital case records - based, cross sectional study. Setting: Tertiary level hospital, indoor admitted patients.Participants: ARI cases in 0 - 5 years age group. Sample Size: 343 children suffering from ARI, admitted in hospital during one year period. Study Variables: Age, sex, localities of inhabitation, signs and symptoms, severity of illness. Outcome Variables: Sites of infection, differential diagnosis, grades of severity, outcome of episode (cured, LAMA, death, DOPR). Statistical Analysis: By chi - square test. Result and Conclusion: Proportional under-five hospital admission rate of A.R.I. cases was 14.7%. More cases were from urban locality (44.9%), of 112 months of age (49.9%), and of severe grade (65.0%). Boys were more vulnerable (M/F ratio was 1.7:1), and hospitalised case fatality rate was 24.8%.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/58
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/59
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Longterm Effect Of Phenytoin On Lipid Profile Parameters In Epileptic Patients
Beg, M
Afzaal, S
Kamal, A
Amir, A
Research Problem: What are the factors responsible for decreased incidence of coronary artery disease in epileptics? Objectives: To evaluate the effect of phenytoin on lipid profile parameters in epileptics and to discuss its implications. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Neurology clinic of Medicine Department of a teaching hospital. Participants: Randomly selected epileptic patient attending neurology clinic and admitted to inpatient department of J. N. Medical College Hospital. Sample Size: 56 epileptic patients. Study Variables: Phenytoin therapy, lipid profile parameters. Statistical Analysis: By test of significance. Result: No significant change in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL - C, VLDL - C, triglycerides and phospholipids was observed with phenytoin therapy during study. However, serum HDL - C showed a significant increase, both at 12 weeks and 24 weeks ( P < 0.001) of therapy. Conclusion: Phenytoin, a commonly used anticonvulsive drug, increases serum HDL - C level significantly, while there is no significant change in other parameters of lipid profile. This rise in HDL - C may provide protection to epileptic patients against atherogenic vascular diseases including coronary artery disease.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/59
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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2018-06-01T09:33:26Z
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Nasal And Hand Carriage Of Bacteria In Different Groups Of Persons In A Teaching Hospital In India
Ganguly, P
Yunus, M
Kltan, A Z
Malik, Abida
Research Problem: What is the level of bacterial carriage in different groups of hospital staff? Objective: To study nasal and hand carriage of bacteria in different groups of persons in a teaching hospital. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Surgical wards of J.N. Medical College Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh. Participants: Randomly selected persons from different groups of hospital staff (doctors, nurses, ward and OT assistants), visitors of patients, patients and medical students. Sample Size: 275 persons. Study Variables: Nasal and hand carriage of S. aureus and gram negative bacilli. Outcome Variables: Percentage of hospital staff showing bacterial carriage in their nose or on their hands. Statistical Analysis: By tests of significance. Result: Overall bacterial carriage rate in different categories of hospital staff was found to be 54.5%. Doctors and paramedical staff had higher bacterial carriage rate as compared to other groups. Though Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism isolated from both nose and skin, carriage of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella group of gram-negative bacilli was also observed. Nasal carriage was commoner than dermal carriage. Conclusion: Doctors and paramedical staff in hospital should adopt appropriate preventive measures to avoid transmitting pathogenic bacteria from their nose and skin to their patients.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/60
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/61
2018-06-01T09:33:24Z
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Hiv/Aids Awareness Among Hospital Employees
Tibdewal, S S
Wadhva, S K
Gupta, S C
Awtani, S D
Research Problem: What is the extent of knowledge and attitude of class III & IV hospital employees regarding HIV/AIDS ?. Objectives: 1) To assess the basic knowledge and attitude of class III and class IV hospital employees regarding HIV/AIDS. 2) To elicit the need for systematic education of hospital employees in HIV/AIDS. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur. Participants: Class III & IV employees. Sample Size: 250 employees - 176 class III & 74 class IV employees. Study Variables: Source of information, knowledge about causative agents , modes of transmission, prevention and treatment. Statistical Analysis: By simple proportions. Result: Of the 250 study subjects, 232 (92.8%) had heard or read about AIDS. Chief sources of information were television, newspapers and doctors. Though the study subjects had some factual knowledge about HIV/AIDS, there wen: certain misconceptions; and myths still persist . TJ ey were also found to have a biased and negative attitude towards people with AIDS. 223 (96.1%) study subjects said that they would like to learn more about HIV/AIDS. Conclusion and Recommendations: The results of this study indicate that action is needed to .increase the level of knowledge of hospital employees so that they reject biased information and myths relating to AIDS, and thus carry out their duties effectively and help in forming an enlightened opinion against AIDS.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/61
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
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Coverage And Efficacy Of Measles Immunization In Rural Areas Of Aligarh
Khan, Z
Malik, Abida
Khandpal, S
Hasan, Settings J
Research Problem: How effective isthemeasles immunization programme in rural areas? Objectives: i) To determine the vaccine coverage in eligible children. ii) To estimate the seropositivity in immunized children iii) To assess the decline in maternal antibody levels in 0 - 9 months old children. iv) To study the socio - cultural variables in the study area. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Registered villages under Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC), Jawan Block, Aligarh. Participants: Children in 0 - 5 yearrs age group, from 2104 house holds by systematic random sampling. Sample size: 456 children in 0 - 5 years age group. Study Variables: Age, sex, immunization status, measles antibody, type of family, overcrowding, literacy status of parents, occupation of parents. Statistical Analysis: By proportions. Result: 0-5 years age group made up 13.7% of the population. Most of the families belonged to lowe socio-economic groups. Measles immunization coveage was 64.5% with sero conversion in 96.5% children while failure rate of ya&tyne was 3.5%. Maternal mealses antibody level showed linear decline with age from 100% at 0 - 3 months to 1 8.4% at 6 - 9 months
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/62
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/63
2018-06-01T09:33:21Z
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Study of protein calorie malnutrition amongst under six children In a slum area of kanpur
Saxena, S C
Saxena, Poonam
Gupta, S C
Chandra, S
Sharma, R P
Gupta, R K
Gupta, Sudhir
Rresearch Problem: What is the prevalence of PCM amongst under six children in slum area of Kanpur? Objectives: 1) To study the prevalence of PCM.2) To apply health educational interventions. Study Design: Cross - sectional study. Setting: All the households in the study area having under six children. Participants: Under - six children showing signs of PCM. Sample Size: 1260 children in the age group ofO - 6 years. Study Variables: Age - group, sex, education of mother, occupation of father, social class, type of family. Outcome Variables: Children with signs of PCM. Statistical Analysis: By chi - square test. Result: The occurrence of PCM was the highest in the 0 - 1 year age group. Boys suffered from overall PCM and grade I PCM more than the girls in whom grade III PCM was more common. Overall as well as grade I and II PCM was seen more in children of illiterate mothers and unemployed fathers. Majority of the children belonged to social class IV and were from unitary families. Conclusion: Mother's education plays an important role in the health and nutrition of children.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/63
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/64
2018-06-01T09:33:20Z
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Role Of Social & Psychological Factors In Drug Default In Patients Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Bhargava, Rakesh
Sharma, Devendra K
Chauhan, J S
Pandey, D K
Gaur, R K
Research Problem: What is the influence of social and psychological factors on drug default in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis? Objective: To assess the role of social and psychological factors in drug default in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. Study Design: Hospital - based study by questionnaire method Setting and Participants: Patients of pulmonary tuberculosis attending Out Patient Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, J.N. Medical College Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh. Sample Size: 136 defaulters and 86 treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Study Variables: Social factors, psychological factors, drug default and pulmonary tuberculosis. Outcome Variables: Association of social and psychological factors with drug default in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Statistical Analysis: By chi - square test and significance at 5% level. Result: Important social factors influencing drug default were joint family (74.27%), lack of money (22.06%) and uncooperative family (11.7%). Psychiatric morbidity among defaulters was significantly high (68.39%). Conclusion: Patient compliance depends on many psychological (e.g. psychiatric morbidity, type of personality), and sociological,factors (including economic status of patient, nature of family, its environment, interaction between patient and doctor and patient's own attitude and idea about his disease). Age, sex, residence, religion and education did not show any significant contribution towards drug default.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
eng
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THE AIDS HANDBOOK
Khan, Z
HIV infection and AIDS is increasingly becoming a major public health problem in our country. Currently, the reported cases represent only the 'tip of the iceberg' of the problem. In view of the fact that no cure or vaccine for the disease has yet been found, spreading knowledge and removing misconceptions is about the only way that AIDS can be effectively tackled. This handbook, developed by Prof. Shankar Chowdhury and associates, seeks to address all levels of medical and non-medical AIDS workers, as well as the layman. It deals with topics ranging from biology of the virus, symptoms and transmission of disease, to prevention, counselling for infected persons and action plan for AIDS education. The biology of the virus and the immune system is described in simple terms, as well as methods of testing for HIV, and what these test results mean. The progression of disease in adults and children, development of symptoms, diagnostic criteria for AIDS, treatment and outcome of disease is dealt with. How AIDS spreads between people, and the health risk for health workers and families is examined. The various ways in which transmission of HIV can be prevented is looked at in detail, including public health measures, national and internatonal action, and ethical and human rights issues involved.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
1997-12-31 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 9 No. 3 (1997)
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BIRTH WEIGHT : A COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVE
SRIVASTAVA, J P
India has a dubious distinction of belonging to the top bracket of countries with a very high under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) of above 96/1000 live births. The U5MR considered the single most significant basic indicator of health status of a community, is proportional to the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) which in turn is contributed to directly and indirectly by the incidence of low Birth Weight (LB W).About 25 million LB W are born each year consisting 17% of all live births,nearly 95% of them in developing countries. About 26% of newborns are LBW in India, and indeed over 16% in those countries with very high U5MR.Both preterm and small-for-dates almost equally make up this category of vulnerable infants predisposed to asphyxia, feeding problems, anemia and growth failure. Considering the close relationship of birth weight with perinatal and infant morbidity as well as mortality, it is crucial to identify the liigh risk groups of low birth weight babies as early as possible.Unfortunately, in a community where 80% of newborns never get to have their weight measured, this itself is a tall order. In our society, the cry of the newborn is greeted with anxious queries about the sex of the baby and not his wellbeing and potential for healthy survival. The basic concept of the importance of birth weight is missing even among educated families. Indeed, it is as if the weighing machine has no place in the requirements at childbirth. In the absence of this basic facility, field workers and TBAs must report to other means to identify babies at risk. Mid-arm circumference, thigh circumference, foot length, and skin-fold thickness etc. are measurements that have been correlated satisfactorily with the baby’s weight. Simple tools like coloured strips have been developed and these show promise of applicability in field situation for identification of LB W by TBAs for early referral.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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A clinico-epidemiological study of malaria in urban slums and Rural areas of kanpur
Jain, Saurabh
Gupta, S C
Chandra, S
Sharma, R P
Bazaz, Meeta
Research Question:- What is the magnitude of malaria in the study area Objectives:- 1. What is the prevalence of malaria in urban slums and rural areas. 2. To assess the influence of environmental factors in occurrence of malaria 3. To observe different clinical presentation of malaria Study Design:- Cross sectional study Setting:- The study was performed in five urban slums and two rural areas of kanpur Statistical Analysis:- Chi-square test Result:- The overall malaria problem in study area was 8.57% cases in total fever cases.Thc maximum percentage of cases ( 54.71%) were in age group 15 yrs and above.Total 62.62% of malaria cases were residing in kachcha houses in study population. The prevalence of malaria was KK.6s% where waste water drainage system was of open type different symptomatics were chills (71.69%) rigor (60.37%), bodyache (92.45%), nausea (33.96%),vomiting (18.86%).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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WORLD HEALTH DAY THEMES
Saxena, S C
1970 - Early Detection of Cancer Saves Life. 1971- A Full Life Despite Diabetes. 1972 - Your Heart is Your Health. 1973 - Health Begins at Home. 1974- Better Food for a Healthier World. 1975 - Small Pox - Point of no Return. 1976 - Foresight Prevents Blindness. 1977 - Immunise and Protect Your Child. 1978 - Down With High Blood Pressure. 1979 - A Health Child-A Sure Future. 1980 - Smoking or Health - The Choice is Yours. 1981 - Health for all for by the Year 2000. 1982 - Add Years to Life. 1983 - Health for all by 2000 - The Count Down has Begun 1984 - Children’s Health: Tomorrows Wealth. 1985 - Health Youth : Our best Resource. 1986 - Health Living - Everyone a Winner. 1987 - Immunisation - A Chance for Every Child. 1988 - Health For All - All for Health. 1989-Let’s Talk Health. 1990 - Our Planet - Ourhealth; Think Globally, Act Locally. 1991 - Should Disaster Strike - Be Prepared. 1992 - Health Beat - The Rhythm of Life. 1993 - Handle Life with Care - Prevent Violence and Negligence. 1994 - Our Health for a Healthy Life. 1995 - Target - 2000 - A World Without Polio. 1996 - Healthy Cities for Better Life. 1997 - Emerging Infectious Diseases. 1998 - Safe Motherhood. 1999 - Active Ageing Makes the Difference. 2000 - Be a Life Saver, Be a Blood Doner; Blood Saves Life. 2001- Stop Exclusion, Dare to Care. 2002 - Move for Health. - Shape the Future of Life, Healthy Environments for Children
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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Prevalence of xerophthalmia amongst under fives in urban slums And rural areas of kanpur
Bazaz, Meeta
Srivastava, J P
CIiandra, S
Srivastava, V K
Research Question:- What is the prevalence of xerophthalmia & is there any difference in the occurrence in urban slums and rural area Objectives:- I.To assess overall prevalence of xeropththalmia in urban slums and rural area To identify the association of breast feeding and weaning with the development of xerophthalmia To identify association of xerophthalmia and immunization status of children. Study Design;- Cross sectional study Setting:- The study was performed in five urban slums and two rural areas of kanpur. Statistical Analysis:- Chi-square test , Relative risk Results:- Overall prevalence of xerophthalmia was observed 6.66%, in urban slums it was found to be 7.28% and in rural area 6.08%.Maxi- mum no.(50.60%) of xerophthalmic children belonged to age group 4-5 years. Higher prevalence was observed in children who were not breast fed (45.45%)and not immunized (38.7%).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/69
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/70
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Knowledge and practice of universal work precautions among Junior doctors
Goel, Pawan Kumar
Garg, K S
Singh, V J
Bhatnagar, M
Chopra, H
Bajpai, K S
Research Problem : What is the knowledge and practice of Universal Work Precautions among Junior Doctors ? Objectives : (1) To assess the knowledge about universal work precautions and source of information. (2) To assess the practices of universal work precautions. (3) To assess the knowledge of hospital waste management in the concerned hospital. Study Design : Self administered oral questionnaire. Setting and Participants : 138 Junior Doctors from Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Hospital associated with L.L.R.M. College, Meerut. Study Variables : Universal work precautions. Statistical Analysis : By proportions. Result : In all 79.0% of Junior Doctors had knowledge about universal work precautions the major source of information being the books (69.0%). However the practice of these precautions was very low. Only 47.8% doctors were checking the integrity of thier skin with spirit/ alcohol, 45.7% were using water proof dressing if cut/abrasion was present, 68.2% were throwing the used gloves indiscriminately and 66.4% were leaving the spilled over blood/body fluids as such. Conclusion and Recommendations : Poor bookish knowledge and lack of sensitisation arc exposing junior doctors to the hazardous infections. So the need of the hour is to conduct aggressive teaching as well as training sessions to all of them including para- professionals also
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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A study of stds. Amongst slum population of lucknow through Syndromic approach
Martolia, D S
Srivastava, V K
Srivastava, J P
Objectives : (1) To find out the prevalence of STDs (in terms of symptomatics) (2) To know the biosocial characterististies associated with STDs. Study Dcsing : Cross sectional Period of study : 1 year (Scpl997-Augl998) Study universe : 750 males and 750 females in age group 14 to 49 yrs. Study Variables : Age, Sex, Education, Marital status, Occpation and Social class Statistical Analysis : x: (Chi square) test Result 'Total, prevalence of STDs 14.7% being 16.4% in males and
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/71
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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2018-06-01T09:33:09Z
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Low Birth Weight And Maternal Risk Factors
Nigam, Secma
Baxi, R K
Joshi, G D
Saxcna, S C
Objectives : To study tile socio-economic and maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight babies and to measure the strength of association. Study Design : Hospital based case-control study. Setting : Shri Sayajirao General Hospital, Vadodara. Sample size : 312 cases and 312 controls. Participants : Cases Mothers who delivered single, live baby less than 2500 gms i.e. low birth weight. Controls:- Mothers who delivered single live baby more than 2500 gms. Study Variable : Maternal age, literacy, anaemia, outcome of last pregnancy. Statistical Analysis : Chi-square test and odd’s ratio. Result : Among cases, 14.5% mothers had age less titan 20 yrs as compared to 7.3% mothers in control group. 68.6% mothers amongst cases were illiterate against 46.5% mothers in control group. 53.8% mothers had haemoglobin level 10gm% or less amongst cases and no statistically significant difference was found between low birth weight and outcome of last pregnancy Conclusion : The maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight in mothers attending S.S.G. hospital age maternal anaemia (OR 2.66), illiteracy (OR 2.51), maternal age less than 20 yrs. (OR 2.OS). No association was found between low birth rate and outcome of last pregnancy
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/72
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/73
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Morbidity pattern of school going children (1-15 years of age) in Poor urban areas of aligarh
Hassan, M A
Khaqlique, N
Khan, Z
Cross-scctiona! study of 802 school children were carried out in poor urban areas of Aligarh with the objective to find out the morbidity pattern and to make recommendation. Out of 802 school children 82.04% were suffering from one or more than one disease. Most common morbidity they had, dental caries (25%), Anaemia (24.8%), Refractive error (9,9%), worm infestation (9.2%), skin disease (5.4%), and ear discharge (4.2%). The prevalence of anaemia was higher in females (30.6%) compared to males (20.7%). This difference was statistically significant (x1=4.8, d.f.= l p<0.05). 36.53% children were malnourished and 65.9% normal. 34.09% male and 40.07% female were malnourished . Difference in prevalence of malnutrition in male and female was statistically significant (x1=4.21, d.f.=l p<0.05). The prevalence of disease in school going children were found to be high
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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Goitrogens And Goitre— A Clinicosocial Study Of Association
Ansari, M Athar
Khan, Z
Yunus, M
Research Problem : Is there any role of goitrogens in the causation of goitre? Objectives : (1) To describe the intake of goitrogenic substances in goitrous and non-goitrous patients. (2) To find out the types and frequency of goitrogenic subtanccs in these patients. Study Design : Hospital-based Study by Questionnaire Method. Setting : Endocrinology Out Patients Department, J.N.Medical college Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh. Participants : Cases were patients having clinical features of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and controls were not having goiter but they had other endocrinological disorders in the Endocrinology O.P.D. at J.N. Medical College Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh. Study variables : Intake, type and frequency of goitrogenic substances. Outcome variables : Percentage of goitrous and nongoitrous patients consuming goitrogenic substances. Statistical Analysis : Chi-Square Test. Result : In goitrous patients, a dietary' history' of goitrogen intake was found in 93.85% patients while in nongoitrous patients, it was 76.92%, Commonly consumed vegetables having goitrogenic properties were Cabbage, Cauliflower and Lady’s finger. Intake was frequent (once a week) in most of the goitrous patients while it was taken occasional (once fortnightly) in most of the nongoitrous patients. Conclusion : Majority of the goitrous patients were consuming goitrogenic substances. Their role in the causation of goiter is clearly understood. However, for this further research activities should be carried out to find out the strength of association.
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2003-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
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2018-06-01T09:17:36Z
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Exclusive Breast Feeding-Knowledge In Different Groups Of Women In Rural And Urban Areas Of Lucknow District
Naim, Ahmed
Singh, J V
Srivastava, A K
Jain, S
A cross-sectional study on S6 females was conducted in the rural and urban areas of Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh to assess the knowledge of females about exclusive breast-feeding. Knowledge from adolescent girls, married and lactating women was assessed by a pretested questionnaire for biosocial correlates (such as marital status,educational status, medium of education, working status, socio-economics status and family size), sources of information, time of initation of breast-feeding and the best method of feeding a baby <4 months of age. Only 9.8% in urban and 13.3% in rural areas had complete knowledge of Exclusive breast-feeding. Educated females had more knowledge in both urban and rural areas of initiating breast-feeding within 1 hr of delivery as compared to un-educated females. The study highlights the needs for continuing medical education and for including knowledge about Exclusive breast-feeding in school curriculum of adolescent girls.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/75
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/76
2018-06-01T09:33:04Z
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Reproductive And Sexual Health - The Unfinished Agenda
Srivastava, V K
The international community for the first time during the International Conference on Population and Development in 1994 defined the Reproductive Health, not in a demographic context, but as a right and matter of choice for even individual. In the years that followed other International Conferences on women issues reinforced this consensus. The human right relevant of Reproductive Health includes : The right to life and health, The freedom to marry and determine the number, timing and spacing of children, The right to access the information, The right to discrimination and equality for men and women, The right to liberty and security of the person, including freedom from sexual violence and coercion, The right to privacy, The women all over the world have the same reproductive health needs, however, the factors like migration and urbanization that influence the involuntary movement of populations within the national frontiers render them more vulnerable, including to reproductive health problems. This increases their needs for preventive and curative care, including sendees related to safe motherhood, family planning, prevention and treatment of complicated abortions. HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STls). The consequences of sexual violence, traditional values, extended families, new friends and unfamiliar ways of life, inadequate reproductive health sendees etc are unusual impediments for availing the sendees.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/76
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/77
2018-06-01T09:33:02Z
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A study of prevalence of nutritional anaemia and its correlates among the students of g.s.v.m. Medical college, kanpur
Kawan, Sanjay
Saxena, S C
Chandra, S
Sharma, R P
Gupta, S C
Siivastava, J P
Martolia, D S
Nigam, Seema
To find out the prevalence of nutritional anaemia and to know the dietary factors and socio-demographic characteristics associated with nutritional anaemia. Design : Cross sectional study Setting : Deptt. of Community Medicine. G.S.V.M. Medical College. Kanpur Participants: Undergraduate Students of G.S. V.M. Medical College, Kanpur Study variable : Age. Sex. Social class. Dietary habits and Body Mass Index Statistical Analysis : Percentage and Chi-square test
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/77
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/78
2018-06-01T09:33:00Z
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A community based interventional approach to intranatal And neonatal health care
Tripathi, Bhupendra
Dwivedi, S
Dabral, S B
Kumar, D
Objective : To assess the contribution of the interventions through the local change agent (Bal Parivar Mitra) towards achievement of health awareness among rural women regarding maternal child health through improvement and change in health practices. Study design: Stratified multistage random sampling technique. Study unit : Within the selected households lactating mothers were selected as study units. Study area : The study was conducted in Jasra and Saidabad blocks of Allahabad district wherein MCHN Project is going on since July 2000. Study variable : Maternal care. Intervention, Impact. Statistical analysis : Ztesl for testing significance of differences between two proportions (Z - test). Results: Deliveries assisted by trained persons increased from 22.4%to 36.7%. Follow-up of'5-cleans’ during pregnancy was among 43.3%. Birth registration increased from 19.2% in baseline to 35%. feeding of colostrum from 27,4% to 40.0%. Breastfeeding within half an hour after birth was among 23.3% followed by 16.7% within 1/2-12 hours. Proper warmth was given to 68.3% newborns and 58.3% babies were bathed after one day of birth. Conclusions : The suggested intervention package through BPM seems to be a sustainable effort and several parameters of intranatal and neonatal health care arc expected to be attained as long-term achievements.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/78
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/79
2018-06-01T09:32:59Z
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Study Of Diet And Nutritional Status Of School Going Rural Adolescent Boys In Allahabad
Bali, Surya
Dabral, S B
Dwivedi, S
Kumar, D
Research question: What is the prevalence of malnutrition among school going rural adolescent boys? Objective: To assess the diet and nutritional status of school going rural adolescent boys. Study design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Rural Intermediate Colleges. Participants: 660 study subjects (adolescents boys. 10-19 years), of classes 6th to 12th from 8 rural intermediate colleges in two blocks of Allahabad. Study period: One year (From April 2002 to May 2003). Statistical Analysis: Chi square lest Results: Overall mean height. BM1 and Haemoglobin level of adolescents were 1 56.97+9.84cm. 18.59+2.20 kg/m2 and 12.12+1.31 gm/dl respectively. Prevalence of malnutrition in terms of Stunting (24.1 %) Thinness (10.5%) and Overweight (1.4%) was observ ed. Maximum calorie deficit was seen in thirteen-year-old boys, it was 42.5% below the RDA and minimum deficit (25.7%) was observed among nineteen-year-old boys. Overall mean caloric deficit among 10 to 19 years’ adolescents was 839.57 Kcal/day. Prevalence of anaemia was observed in 371(56.3%) adolescent boys. Prevalence of Vit. A deficiency. Vitamin B - complex and Vitamin C deficiency were found to be 3.5%. 25.3% and 6.8% respectively. Conclusion: Nutritional status of school going adolescent boys in rural areas of Allahabad is not satisfactory and there is a strong need for a programme especially for adolescent boys to fulfill their nutritional needs.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/79
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/80
2018-06-01T09:32:58Z
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Astudy Of Co-Relates Of Infant Deaths In Kanpur
Asthana, Smita
Srivastava, J P
Saxena, S C
Sharma, R P
Research Question What ;ire co-relales of infant deaths in Kanpur Objective To assess infant mortality rale in rural & urban areas of Kanpur and various factors responsible for it. Study Design Cross sectional study. Study unit Each of household having live birth and infant death within one year of study. Study area Rural & Urban area of Kanpur. Study variableLive birth, infant death, co-relales. Statistical analysis :- By Chi-square lest of significance.
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2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/80
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/81
2018-06-01T09:32:56Z
IJCH:OA
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A Study Of Protein Calorie Malnutrition Amongst Under Six Children In Slum Area Of Kanpur
Saxena, S C
Saxena, Poonam
Gupta, S C
Chandra, Suresh
Sharma, R P
Objective To assess the nutritional profile amongst under six children in slum area of Kanpur. Study Design Door to door survey by collecting relevent information from head of household on a pretested questionaire. Study UnitEach of household having any child in the age group less than 6 years. Study Area The study was conducted in Katari slum area of Kalyanpur, Kanpur. Study Variable Grades of PCM as per recommendation of nutrition sub-committee of paediatrics (ICMR-1972) Statistical analysis:- By chi-square test of significance. Results The highest percentage of PCM was observed amongst 0-1 year and boys of single families whose parents were illiterate and unemployed or labourers belonging mainly to lower socio-economic class. Conclusions:- To reduce childhood mortality with reference to PCM, die literacy status of parents especially of mothers should be increased and social reform measures to be taken for engaging them in some income generating jobs/business, agriculture etc.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/81
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/82
2018-06-01T09:32:55Z
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An epidemiological study of diabetes mellitus amongst high risk age group population in urban and Rural areas of kanpur
Ahmad, Nadeem
Chandra, Suresh
Sharma, R P
Srivastava, J P
Research Question : - What is the magnitude of Diabetes mellitus in the urban and rural areas of Kanpur. Objectives: To study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus amongst high risk age group population in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. To compare the magnitude of problem of diabetes mellitus between urban and rural areas of Kanpur. To study the possible associates and socio-demographic variables related to diabetes mellitus.Study Design : Cross sectional study. Setting : The study was performed on three thousand population each in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. Participants : High risk age group population i.e. 45 years and above. Study variables : Age, Sex. impaired glucose tolerance. Body mass index, Education, Working status. Social class, family history of diabetes. Statistical analysis : Chi-square lest, percentages Results From a total of 676 persons of high risk age group i.e. 45 years and above, the overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the study areas was observed lobe 7. l%with 9.94% in urban and 3.61% in rural areas, the maximum percetage of diabetes cases (41.66%) was in the age group of 56-60 years. Higher prevalence of diabetes was observed in the obese (56.25%) and sedentary (87.5%) persons. The family history' of diabetes mellitus was present in (35.41%) of diabetes mellitus cases.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/82
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/83
2018-06-01T09:32:54Z
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Stds Amongst slum dwellers of lucknow "a kap study"
Martolia, D S
Srivastava, V K
Mohan, U
Gupta, S C
Srivastava, J P
Saxena, S C
Srivastava, V K
Nigam, Seema
To know knowledge, attitude and practices regarding STDs amongst slum dwellers. To find out problems in implementation of STD control programme and to suggest solutions. Study Design : Cross sectional. Period of Study : September 1997 - August 1998. Study universe : 1500 males and females in the age group 15 to 49 yrs. Study variable : Age, sex, education, marital status, occupation, social class. Statistical test : X: and Z test
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2003-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/83
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 15 No. 2 (2003)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/84
2018-06-01T09:32:52Z
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World health day - 7th april, 2004 "road safety is no accident"
Saxena, S C
In 1948, the First World Health Assembly called for the creation of a "World Health Day". Since 1950, World Health Day has been celebrated on the 7th of April of each year. The objective of World Health Day is to raise global awareness of a specific health theme to highlight a priority area of concern for the World Health Organization (WHO). The Day serves as a launch for a long-term advocacy program for which activities will be undertaken and resources provided well beyond 7th April. To Celebrate the theme of this year "Road Safety is No accident", on 7th April 2004 around the globle, hundreds of organizations hosted events to help raise awareness about road traffic injuries, their grave consequences and enormous casts to society. They also contributed to spreading the message that such injuries can be prevented. In 1948, the First World Health Assembly called for the creation of a "World Health Day". Since 1950, World Health Day has been celebrated on the 7th of April of each year. The objective of World Health Day is to raise global awareness of a specific health theme to highlight a priority area of concern for the World Health Organization (WHO). The Day serves as a launch for a long-term advocacy program for which activities will be undertaken and resources provided well beyond 7th April. To Celebrate the theme of this year "Road Safety is No accident", on 7th April 2004 around the globle, hundreds of organizations hosted events to help raise awareness about road traffic injuries, their grave consequences and enormous casts to society. They also contributed to spreading the message that such injuries can be prevented. The accident is defined as unexpected, unplanned event envolving injury, disability or death. The accidents occur in almost all countries. The most alarming fact is that accidents kill more young trained adults between 15-24 years of age group of males, mainly among two wheelers. All sorts of accidents kill more than 5 million people a year in whole of world including about 9 lakh deaths from road accidents alone, The road accidents rank fourth in order among the leading causes of death and are responsible for approximately & parcent of all deaths in the world. For every death, there are as many as 30-40 minor enjuries and IQ- 15 serious injuries requring long periods of expensive care, nursing and Treatment.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/84
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/85
2018-06-01T09:32:51Z
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A Study On Correlation Between Fertility And Contraceptive Prevalence In Rural Community
Verma, Reema
Mohan, Uday
Srivastava, V K
Chandra, R
Objectives: (1) To find the contraceptive prevalence in different reproductive age group females. (2) What is the correlation between fertility pattern and contraceptive prevalence. Study Design : Cross sectional descriptive study. Setting : Community Development block Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow district. Study universe : Married females in reproductive age group (15-49 Years). Study variables : Age, fertility, contraceptive prevalence, education and social class. Statistical analysis : Chi Square test. Result : Contraceptive prevalence was 29.7%. It was 6.5% for women aged 15-19 year to 45.2% for women aged 3539 years. The acceptors were analyzed based on the number of living children. 74% of the acceptors had 3 or more children as against 26% with 0 to 2 living children.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/85
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/86
2018-06-01T09:32:49Z
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"040630 2004 eng "
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A comparative study on nutritional status of under 6 years children in i.c.d.s. And non i.c.d.s. Tribal areas of uttar pradesh
prakash, Shiv
Chandra, R
Bhushan, V
Mohan, U
Objectives : To find out the nutritional status of children under six year. To determine the level of difference in nutritional status of Children under six years in I.C.D.S. and Non I.C.D.S. tribal areas. To assess the impact of I.C.D.S. scheme on nutritional status of children below six years. Study Design : Cross Sectional Study Participants : Under six years children. Sample Size : 1536 children of Nighasan block (I.C.D.S. block) and 1471 of Ramia Behar block (Non I.C.D.S. block). Key Words : Nutritional status, I.C.D.S., height - weight index, Service impact. Results : All the value for height & weight in both groups were lower as compared to the I.C.M.R. standards. All children in I.C.D.S. group were below the normal weight - height index (i.e. > 0.15) while in Non I.C.D.S. group were below normal wt.-ht. index in all age group except 6 -<24 months male & 3 - < 9 months female. Overall prevalence of P.E.M. in I.C.D.S. group was 90.36& while it was 86.85% in Non I.C.D.S. group. The difference was significant.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/86
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/87
2018-06-01T09:32:48Z
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Morbidity Pattern Among Elderly Population In A Rural Area Of Dehradun In Uttaranchal
Negi, K S
Kandpal, S D
Gupta, S
Research Question : What is the morbidity pattern among elderly people in rural area of Dehradun? Objectives : (1) To assess the morbidity pattern among elderly population. (2) To assess the psycho-social problems among elderly people. (3) To assess the relationship between addiction and hypertension among them. Study design : Cross-Sectional. Setting : Atturwala - a rural area of district Dehradun in Uttaranchal. Participants : 332 elderly people aged 60 years and above. Statistical Analysis : Proportions, Chi-Square test. Results ; It was observed that 78.3% elderly had ophthalmic problem, 69.3% elderly had psycho-social problems followed by hypertension (49.1%), Chronic bronchitis (22%) and asthma (12%). A significant relation was found between hypertention and addiction i. e. smoking and / or alcohol (p<.001). Respiratory diseases were found in 47.3% elderly persons. Depression was highly dominating problem among elderly (59.6%).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/87
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/88
2018-06-01T09:32:47Z
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Pulmonary Function Tests In Young Healthy Subjects Of North India
Rastogi, Parag
Tandan, H C
Saxena, Jalaj
Gupta, Sushma
Saxena, Sonali
Saha, Saurabh
Study Objectives : The diagnosis of disease done by skiagram can be substantiated by pulmonary function tests. Substantial data of Indians on PFTs is not available. The present study therefore has been planned on young healthy north Indians. Setting : 119 males and 49 female medical students of North India. Measurements : PFT's, T.V. FEV1, FVC, FER and PEFR were measured. P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results : In North Indian males, mean T. V was 437.56 ± 65.83 ml, FEV1 3.26 ±041 L, FVC 3.82 ± 0.48 L, FER 85.09 ± 2.42% and PEFR was 495.42 ± 101.82 L / min. In North Indian females, average T. V was 386.12 ± 37.90 ml, FEV1 2.39 ± 0.38 L, FVC 2.79 ± 0.43 L, FER 85.38 ± 257% and PEFR was 307.12 ± 75.74 L / min. Conclusions: Males in comparison to females had more value of PFTs. All the PFTs showed positive correlation with Height, Weight and Surface area except Tidal Volume and FER.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/89
2018-06-01T09:32:45Z
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A Study Regarding Attitudes Ofyoung Slum Dwelling Females Towards Their Husband/Sex Partner Presuming Them Hiv Infected
Shukla, Monica
Srivastava, J P
Srivastava, V K
Saxena, S C
Nigam, Seema
Research Question : What is the attitude of young females towards their husband or sex partners presuming them infected with HIV? Objectives : Attitude of young slum dwelling females towards husband or sex partner presuming them HIV infected according to age of respondents according to marital status of respondents according to occupation of respondents according to literacy status of respondents Study Design : Cross sectional study Study Area : 10% of the Slums of Kanpur City having population less than 3000. Participants : 13 to 25 years aged females of selected slums. Study variables : Age, marital status, occur' ,:on, literacy status. Statistical Analysis : Percentage Results : 12.3% expressed about non disclosure of disease. 25.7% were indecisive, 65.2% to pursue for treatment, 32.7% to continue sex relationship and 31.2% to continue social relationship. Respondents employed as teachers showed greater degree of concern for more care (45.5%) and also for continuation of social and sexual relationship. Continuation on social & sexual relationship along with pursuation for treatment and more care of victim (husband/sex partner) was observed among highest percentage in graduate and above level with gradual decrease in the prevalence with decrease in the level of education.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/89
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/90
2018-06-01T09:32:44Z
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An Epidemiological Profile Of Diabetes Mellitus Amongst High Risk Age Group - A Community Based Study
Ahmad, Nadeem
Chandra, Suresh
Sharma, R P
Srivastava, J P
Saxena, S C
Research Question : What is the epidemiological profile of Diabetes mellitus amongst high-risk age group population in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. Objectives : To study the prevalence, magnitude, possible associates and socio demographic variables related to Diabetes mellitus amongst the high risk age group population in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. Study Design : Cross-sectional study. Setting : The study was performed on five thousand population each in urban and rural areas of Kanpur. Participants : High risk age group population i.e. 45 years and above. Study variables: Age, sex, education, working status, social class. Impaired glucose tolerance. Body mass index, Hypertension, family history of diabetes mellitus. Statistical analysis : Chi-square test. Percentages. Results : The overall prevalence of Diabetes mellitus amongst high risk age group population was found to be 7.6% with 11.3% in urban areas and 3.6% in rural areas. The overall maximum prevalence was in the 56-60 years age group. Higher prevalence was observed amongst the graduates and onwards (30.1%), social class-1 (32.1%), sedentary lifestyle (62.5%), obese (19.7%). hypertensives (39.5%), family history of diabetes mellitus (31.5%). It was observed that 77.7% cases in rural areas and 26.9% cases in urban areas were newly diagnosed.
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2004-06-30 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/90
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2004)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/91
2018-06-01T09:32:42Z
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Aids : A Rampant Intruder
Chandra, Suresh
The HIV/AIDS epidemic represents the most serious public health problem in India. There is no denial of the enormity of the problem. The prevalence of infection in all parts of the world highlights the spread from urban to rural areas and from high risk to general population. It is estimated that as on end of year 2004, 39.4 million people were infected with the virus. Migration of labour, low literacy levels leading to low awareness, gender disparities, prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and reproductive tract infections are some of the factors attributed to the spread of HIV/AIDS. 4.9 million ( 4.3 million - 6.4 million) people have aquired HIV infection only in one year of span - 2004. The global AIDS epidemic killed 3.1 million ( 2,8 million- 3.5 million) people in the past year.
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2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/91
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/92
2018-06-01T09:32:41Z
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A study of supply, procurement, and distribution Of i fa under rch programme in lucknow district, uttar pradesh
Singh, Richa
Srivastava, V K
Masood, Jamal
The impact of the Government's National Nutritional Anaemia Control Programme ( NNACP) Program, now a part of RCH, has been limited due to poor supply and distribution system of iron supplements. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the current supply, procurement and distribution system of IFA tablets from the Lucknow district up to the Sub Centre level, The study revealed that the supply pattern of IFA tablets, which are provided through KIT A. has been grossly erratic at all the levels, Contrary to the RCH guidelines, the grass root level workers are no where involved in demand estimation procedure, which is done by GOI on the basis of fixed population of a sub-centre of 5000. The transportation of these kits to the sub-centre also poses a problem with ANMs'. Though the tablets are supplied for pregnant and lactating women, and children aged one to five years, the monitoring of distribution of IFA at State, district, PHC and sub-centre levels, if any, is done only for pregnant women.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/92
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/93
2018-06-01T09:32:40Z
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Knowledge And Opinion About Hiv/Aids Among Long Route Truck Drivers
Singh, C M
Mishra, R N
Mishra, C P
Verma, B L
A cross sectional study was carried out on 235 truck drivers operating at Kanpur- Jhansi highway to assess their knowledge and opinion about HIV/AIDS It was observed that about 73% had heard about HIV/AIDS. two third were aware about sexual transmission as the route of transmission. Televison was the main source of their knowledge (76.74%). But knowledge on other aspects of HIV was very less, only one-third were aware about preventive role of condom. Less than half (45.95%) were of the opinion that this disease can be prevented. It was dis heartening to note that (34.46%) were in favor to separate AIDS patient from family and (43.40%) were in favor todivorce spouse having AIDS. Withthis background of Knowledge about half of truck drivers (48.94%) were of the
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/93
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/94
2018-06-01T09:32:39Z
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Nutritional Status Of Primary School Children In Rural Area Of Dehra Dun
Semwal, Jayanti
Kishore, Surekha
Negi, K S
Saxena, P
Kar, Sonali
To assess the Nutritional status of primary school children. To compare these values with ICMR and NCHS standards. To assess any significant differnce between nutritional status of boys and girls. Study disigan : Cross- sectional, school based study. Setting : Five Govt primary schools. Study variables : Age, Sex, Weight. Height and BMI. Statistical Analysis : percentile, mean, standard deviation, T test, 'z' tests. Result : In all age groups the nutritional status of boys and girls was found lower then the NCHS standards. Mean height and weight in both sexes were comparable to ICMR 50th percentile weight was higher in boys than ICMR values with increasing age except in 5 year and 11 year age group. BMI in girls in age group 10, 11 and 12 years is found to be better than boys. Mean weight of girls is better than boys in age group 11 and 12 years but statistically insignificant.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/94
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/95
2018-06-01T09:32:37Z
IJCH:OA
"041231 2004 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Epidemiological Profile Of Leprosy Patient And Its Co-Relation With Their Treatment Compliance In Rural Area Of Kanpur
Srivastava, Anurag
Srivastava, J P
Saxena, S C
Srivastava, V K
Nigam, Seema
Research question: To study the epidemiological profile of Leprosy patients in rural area of Kanpur. To study correlation of epidemiological profile with their treatment compliance Study design : Cross sectional study Setting : Rural area of Kanpur (Chaubaypur, PHC) Participants : All registered patients at Chaubaypur PHC for taking MDT. Study period : One year (Oct, 2003 to October 2004) Statistical Analysis : Chi-square test, percentage Result : From total 63 registered cases, 55.56% were MB and 44.44% were PB cases. Maximum prevalence was found in age group of31- 45 (34.92%), Maximum non-compliant patients were from labour class. Absolute illiterate patients showed Maximum non-compliance (39.68%). Maximum registered case were from social class IV (46. 03%)
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/95
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/96
2018-06-01T09:32:35Z
IJCH:OA
"041231 2004 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Category ii treatment of revised national tuberculosis control programme is it adequate?
Yadav, Mahesh Kumar
Singh, J V
Verma, S K
Srivastava, A K
Settings : Five DOT'S clinics in Lucknow District. Uttar Pradesh, India. Objectives : 1- To assess the adequacy of category II treatment. 2- To suggest measures to improve the quality and compliance. Study Design : Observational Cohort study. Result : In this study care rate 74.3% Default rate 2.8%, and failure rate 1.4%. Treatment completion 15.7%. Conclusion : It can be concluded from the study that Category II treatment regimen is quite good.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/96
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/97
2018-06-01T09:32:33Z
IJCH:OA
"041231 2004 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Spectrum Of Opportunistic Infections In Aids Cases In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Nepal
Joshi, Hari Shanker
Das, Rabindranath
Agnihotri, Arun Kumar
Subba, Sonu H
Murthy, Ramnesh
Dabral, S B
A retrospective study was carried out, 404 clinically suspected cases attending AIDS clinic at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal to assess an occurance of opportunistic infections in AIDS cases. Study reveals that Tuberculosis (60%), Cryptospridiosis (13.33%) and candidasis (11.11%) are the predominant opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients in the Pokharo village. Next common pathogen was found an ubiquitous yeast. Candida obtained from skin, oral cavity, oesophagus, sputum and stool. The least common documented documented infection was pneumocystis carini pneumonia (2.22%).
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/97
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/98
2018-06-01T09:32:32Z
IJCH:OA
"041231 2004 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Adolescent Pregnancy And Low Birth Weight
Saxena, Vartika
Research Question : Is there any difference between educational status, Parity & obstetrical risk status between adolescent & adult pregnant women? Is there any difference in the incidence of Low Birth weight between adolescent and adult pregnant women? Objectives : To compare the pregnancy outcome of adolescent mothers with the adult pregnant women. Study Design : Longitudinal descriptive study. Setting : Sarojini Nagar Block of Lucknow District, Uttar Pradesh Study Variable : Educational status, Parity. Obstetrical risk status. Low Birth Weight. Statistical Analysis : Percentages & Chi2 Square Test Results : The incidence of abortion (8.7%), still birth (6.2%) was higher in adolescent (<18yrs.) compared to adult pregnant women (>1 Byres.) with abortion noted to be 3.8% and stillbirths only 3.1%. Adolescent pregnancy resulted in 5 times higher incidence of birth of low birth weight baby (<2.5kg)- incidence of LBW being 48.7% among adolescent mothers as compared to only 9.8% in adult pregnant women. Conclusion : Adolescent pregnancies not only terminate into higher incidence of abortion and still births but is a major contributory cause of high incidence of low birth weight.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2004-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/98
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2004)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/99
2018-06-01T09:32:31Z
IJCH:EDT
"051231 2005 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
Awareness : The Major Preventive Tools Against Aids
Srivastava, J P
AIDS might have started as a bush fire but is now spreading across the world like a forest conflagration that we are finding difficult to extinguish. In a matter of decades the HIV has reached a high level with about 40.3 million affected globally. The year 2005 alone saw an addition of 5 millions with over all estimated adult population below one percent. According WHO and UNAIDS estinates, dispite improved access to anti-Retroviral treatment and the care in many region of the world, the acquired immune defieiency syndrome (AIDS) claimed 3.1 million lives in the year 2005, more than a million of them are children. The AIDS epidemic in India is marked by heterogenecity. The epidemie shift from high risk population to bridge population (Clients of Sex workers, STD patients and partners of drug U'sers) and then to general population. There is timelag of 2-3 years between the shift from one group to another. Currently, the estimated HIV INFECTION RATE among adult population between 15-19 years of age is 0.7%
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2005-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/99
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 17 No. 1,2 (2005)
eng
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oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/100
2018-06-01T09:32:29Z
IJCH:OA
"051231 2005 eng "
2248-9509
0971-7587
dc
A Study On Maternal Factors And Pregnancy Outcome In Medical College Hospital Of Jhansi City
kumar, Sandip
Dabral, M
Jaiswal, Kirti
Singh, C M
Research Question : What are the maternal factors which affect the pregnancy outcome. Objectives : To study the effects of maternal factors on the outcome of pregnancy in terms of pregnancy wastage as abortions or stillbirths and to assess the magnitude of low birth babies. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Study Area: maternity wards of department of obstetrics & Gynecology of M.L.B. Medical college.Jhansi (U.P.) Participants : 1350 pregnant women, who were admitted in the maternity wards & their new born babies Study variables : Age, parity, education, per capita income, inter pregnancy interval Statistical analysis:Chi-square test Results : Live born babies were 81.48% while pregnancy wastage was 18.52% Among the live born babies 44.36% had normal weight at birth & 55.64% were low birth weight. Out of total pregnancy wastage, 58.80% were terminated as abortions and 41.20% as still births.
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2005-12-31 00:00:00
application/pdf
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/100
Indian Journal of Community Health; Vol. 17 No. 1,2 (2005)
eng
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