2024-03-29T08:35:21Z
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/index/oai
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/312
2018-06-01T09:17:11Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/312
2018-06-01T09:17:11Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 25 No. 2 (2013); 193-196
AGE AND CAUSES OF CANCER AND NON-CANCER HYSTERECTOMY AMONGST HINDU AND MUSLIM PATIENTS
Kashyap, V
Sharma, S
2013-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/312
en_US
Background: Hysterectomy is the second most common surgical procedure in women other than cesarean delivery but there is relatively little information about its causes in relation to religions. Objective: To find out the causes of hysterectomy in relation to age and parity amongst Hindu and Muslim patients Methods: 1000 records of the patients, who underwent cancer hysterectomy due to cervical cancer or non-cancer hysterectomy for benign conditions of the uterus in past years of their life, were analyzed. All patients were from the same hospital and recently visited the hospital for follow-up checkup through Pap smear. Chi square test was employed to test the association. Results: Amongst 1000 hysterectomies 570 (57%) were for carcinoma cervix and 430 (43%) for benign conditions of uterus. 485 (85%) cancer cases were Hindu and 85(15%) were Muslim, however 310 (72%) cases of benign uterine conditions were Hindu in comparison to 120 (28%) Muslim. Majority of hysterectomy cases of both the religions belonged to age group of 41-50 yrs., however, the association between the age groups and benign uterine conditions (Uterine fibroids Vs. Others) was observed highly significant in Hindu patients only. Conclusion: The study revealed that fifth decade (41-50 yrs) of life of women was found prevalent for hysterectomy in both the religions, however carcinoma cervix was more common in Hindu patients. Prolapse uterus and Pelvic Inflammatory disease were comparable high for non-cancer hysterectomy in Muslim patients.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/313
2018-06-01T09:17:09Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/313
2018-06-01T09:17:09Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 25 No. 2 (2013); 197-199
PERSONAL HYGIENIC PRACTICES OF SCHOOL GOING ADOLESCENTS – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN CHENNAI
Rani, M. A
Sathiyasekaran, BWC
2013-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/313
en_US
As per World Health Organization estimates, acute diarrhoeal diseases and respiratory infections are the leading causes of death among children1. Diarrhoeal diseases kill nearly 2 million children every year2. Repeated diarrhoeal episodes during childhood and adolescence can lower the fitness and productivity during adulthood3. The main source of diarrhoeal pathogens is the human faeces and for transmission of these faecal pathogens from one infected host to other contaminated hands plays an important role. Hygiene education and hand washing with soap are proved to be cost effective primary preventive measure for diarrhoeal diseases4.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/336
2018-06-01T08:02:10Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/336
2018-06-01T08:02:10Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 25 No. 3 (2013); 321-323
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN A POSTGRADUATE TRAINING PROGRAM– DOES THE MODEL WORK?
Sarkar, Sonali
C, Premarajan K
Roy, Gautam
Kumar, Ganesh
Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
Sahoo, Swaroop Kumar
Lakshminarayanan, Subitha
2013-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/336
en_US
Background: Lack of assessment and feedback based on observation is one of the most serious deficiencies in the current medical education practice. Formative assessment strategies in postgraduate education can be affective when they are integral to the learning process. Seminars and journal club presentations are integral to the postgraduate education in all medical institutions. Methods: This study was done to assess a structured tool for evaluation of seminars and journal clubs by postgraduates in Community Medicine (as part of formative assessment) based on rater reliability and efficacy of feedback. Results: The scale having five domains namely justification for the topic or the journal article, presentation skills, slide preparation, slide content and discussion, had high inter-rater reliability with intra class coefficient of 0.861 (95% CI 0.632 to 0.958), ‘p’ of 0.000. There was a significant improvement of the students over three journal club presentations in four out of five domains.Conclusions: This study has shown that use of rating scales during seminar and journal club presentations, when combined with feedback, can be an effective tool in formative assessment thereby supporting and enhancing the learning process.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/361
2018-06-01T08:01:33Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/361
2018-06-01T08:01:33Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 25 No. 4 (2013); 492-497
Impact of health education on knowledge and practices about menstruation among adolescent school girls of rural part of district Ambala, Haryana
Arora, A
Mittal, A
Pathania, D
Singh, J
Mehta, C
Bunger, R
2013-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/361
en_US
Background: This study was undertaken to assess the impact of health education on knowledge regarding menstruation, misconceptions related to it as the prevalence of RTI is still very high in India. Aims: To study the existing level of status of hygiene, knowledge and practices regarding menstruation among adolescent school girls and to assess the change in their knowledge level and practices after health education. Materials A community-based pre and post interventional study was conducted among 200 adolescents’ girls of class IX and X of rural part of district Ambala. Multistage random sampling technique was used to draw the representative sample. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered and later health education regarding menstruation and healthy menstrual practices was imparted to the girls. Post-test was done after 3 months to assess the impact of health education. Pre- and post-intervention, data were compared using the paired t test, z test for proportions, chi-squared test for paired proportions. Difference between Proportions of the pre-post data and its 95% confidence interval has been calculated of the findings. SPSS for Windows software version 20 (IBM, Chicago, USA) have been used for data analysis. The level of significance has been considered at p value < 0.05. Results: In the pre-test, menstrual perceptions amongst them were found to be poor and practices incorrect while in the post-test, there was a significant difference in the level of knowledge (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in pre and post-test with regard to restrictions followed during menses (P>0.05) while in the post-test preceding health education, significant improvements were observed in their practices. Conclusion: Overall significant improvement was found in knowledge and practices regarding menstruation among adolescent school girls.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/382
2018-06-01T08:00:33Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/382
2018-06-01T08:00:33Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 1 (2014); 103-106
Pattern and frequency of uterine pathologies among hysterectomy specimens in rural part of northern India: a retrospective secondary data analysis
Chaturvedi, Vineet
Dayal, Seema
Srivastava, Dhiraj
Gupta, Vivek
Chandra, Anuj
2014-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/382
en_US
Background: Hysterectomy is the most commonly performed gynecological surgery throughout the world. Over the last several years reported cases of hysterectomy was increasing in numbers. However, similar studies from Etawah district with high prevalence of hysterectomy are lacking. Therefore, we have conducted this study to identify the pattern of pathologies identified in hysterectomy specimen and to correlate the pathological findings with the age group of the patient along with frequency of benign, malignant pathologies identified. Material and method: This study was conducted on 870 hysterectomy specimen who reported to pathology department .They were compared in terms of age of the patients and pathology of hysterectomy specimens. Result: Out of the hysterectomy specimens, pathological findings were seen in 850 hysterectomies. Most common lesion was leiomyoma (22.47%) followed by Adenomyosis (21.76%) ,Endometrial hyperplasia (14.00 %), ovarian cyst (9.29%), Endometrial atrophy (8.70%), Endometritis (7.76 %), Endo cervical polyp (5.64), Carcinoma intra epithelial neoplasm (3.52%), Endometrial polyp (3.17%), Carcinoma cervix (1.17%), Carcinoma ovary (1.05%), Benign ovarian tumor (0.58%),Carcinoma endometrium(0.35%), Myometritis (0.35%), Chorio carcinoma (0.11%) The most common age group was (40-49) years. Conclusion: Our data suggest that leiomyoma was the most common pathology seen in hysterectomy .The common age group for hysterectomy was (40 -49) years. Benign pathologies are more frequent in hysterectomy than malignant. Histopathology is mandatory for ensuring diagnosis and thus management, in particular of malignant disease.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/383
2018-06-01T08:00:32Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/383
2018-06-01T08:00:32Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 1 (2014); 107-110
A study on socio-demographic profile and feasibility of DOTS provider registered under RNTCP in Varanasi district Uttar Pradesh
Haque, Mohd. Afzalul
Kumar, Dhirendra
Vyas, Shaili
2014-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/383
en_US
Introduction: Tuberculosis is a major chronic disorder affecting the larger population more than any other disease in the country. DOTS was introduced in India in 1993 as part of the Revised National Tuberculosis Programme (RNTCP) following a review of India’s National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) a year earlier (1) .Patient satisfaction is an important parameter for assessing the quality of patient care services. There is need to assess the health care provider regarding the consumer satisfaction as often as possible, this paper summarizes our experience about role of DOTS provider in the management of TB patient in rural population of Varanasi districts Utter Pradesh. Objective: (1) To assess the perception of registered tuberculosis patients regarding DOTS provider for the treatment of tuberculosis. (2) To assess the accessibility, acceptability & availability of community DOTS provider. Design: A longitudinal study. Setting: Three microscopic centre of Cholapur Tuberculosis unit of Varanasi districts. Methods: Registered patients were interviewed twice: once in the beginning and another at the completion of the treatment or after the permanent discontinuation of the treatment. Patients were interviewed for their socio-demographic profiles, opinion about DOTS and its providers. Side effects experienced and action taken etc. Data was collected on a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. DOTS providers were interviewed and treatment cards analyzed for any interruption of treatment and action taken. Data was collected from 1st June 2004 to 31th June 2005 till the completion of the regimen. Results: Majority of DOTS providers were young males (82.7%) of 26 years to 40 years, while the representation of females was only 5 (17.3%). Almost more than 80% of the patients started their treatment within 1-10 days. For majority of cases (83%) the distance of DOTS provider from patient’s house was within 1 km. Mean time spent to go to DOTS provider was 27.2 minutes. 91.5% have no effect on routine activity. 98.3% DOTS provider were regular. Regarding behavior & availability of DOTS provider majority (90%) of patient’s opinion was good & regular (98%). Among 117 patients who were enrolled for treatment through DOTS provider, 73 (92.4%) were NSP & 12 (10%) were from retreatment group. Out of 117 patients who opted for treatment from DOTS provider 108 patients took full course of treatment in Intensive phase & their success rate was (92%) out of 108 patients 103 took full course of treatment in Continuation phase & there success rate was (95%). Success rate among NSP was 89% & success rate among retreatment group was about 83%. Conclusion: Shopkeeper acts as a DOTS provider in RNTCP because of their accessibility. Availability being less time consuming and the place being convenient to the patients. Shopkeeper is an example of persons drawn from the community who can play complementary role as DOTS providers.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/384
2018-06-01T08:00:30Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/384
2018-06-01T08:00:30Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 1 (2014); 111-114
A study on family planning acceptance among slum dwellers in Shillong, Meghalaya
Dey, Sanku
2014-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/384
en_US
Background: Despite the fact that contraceptive usage has increased over a period of time, there exists a Knowledge Attitude and Practice-gap regarding contraception. There are multiple reasons for not using any family planning methods, current study attempts to explore these reasons. Aims: To study the family planning practices/methods among the married women of reproductive age groups. Study Design: Community-based cross-sectional study. Study Subjects: The Women of reproductive age groups adopting family planning methods & those residing in urban slums of Shillong city. Sample size: 1417. Study Period: April 2010 to March 2012. Sampling Technique: Two-stage random sampling. Results: Overall, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) was 38. The contraceptive use is high among women who have two to three surviving children (37.1 percent). Majority of the women who were adopting any of the family planning method belonged to the age group 18-24 years. Women’s education and occupation are important determinants that demonstrate highly significant positive relationships with any contraceptive use in the slum-dwelling women of Shillong city. Sex composition of living children also appeared to be significant determinant factor for contraceptive use. Monthly family income is also an important determinant of contraceptive use in slums of Shillong city. Conclusions: The elder women were more reluctant in contraceptive use than their younger counterparts. Sterilization is the most accepted one among all the contraceptive methods.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/385
2018-06-01T08:00:29Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/385
2018-06-01T08:00:29Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 1 (2014); 115-118
An Educational Training on Cervical Cancer Screening Program for Rural Healthcare Providers in India
Isaac, Rita Caroline
Ramamurthy, Prashanth
Finkel, Madelon
Kunjuvareed, Annie Illikal
Trevena, Lyndal
2014-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/385
en_US
Conventional, cytology based Cervical cancer screening programmes used in the developed world is often not practical in developing countries. Training of health care work force on a feasible, low-tech, screening methods is urgently needed in low resource settings. Twenty providers including doctors and nurses participated in a 2-days training workshop organized by a Community Health Center in rural South India. The pre-post-training assessment showed significant improvement in knowledge about cervical cancer, ‘low tech’ screening, treatment options and counseling among the participants. Twenty volunteers screened at the workshop, 2 women (10%) tested positive and one had CINIII lesion and the other had cervical cancer stage IIIB. After the training, the participants felt confident about their ability to counsel and screen women for cervical cancer.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/402
2018-06-01T08:00:01Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/402
2018-06-01T08:00:01Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2014); 196-199
Prevalence of depression & assessment of risk factors among school going adolescents
Vashisht, Arun
Gadi, Nabeel Ahmed
Singh, Jagjeet
Mukherjee, Moushumi P
Pathak, Rambha
Mishra, Prabhaker
2014-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/402
en_US
Background: Adolescents comprise nearly one-fifth of the total population of India. Undiagnosed adolescent depression can have potentially long term serious consequences along with increased risk of suicide. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of depression among school going adolescents and the socio environmental risk factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 1632 school going adolescents (13-19yrs) in the rural and urban areas of district Ambala. Two pretested questionnaires were used. Depression subscale of Symptom Check List 80 (SCL 80) was used for ascertaining the prevalence of depression and a self-report questionnaire to assess effect of socio-environmental factors. Results: 29.9% adolescents had evidence of depression having cut off score > 13 in depression subscale of SCL 80. Most of the students in depression syndrome group were found to be suffering from mild category 22.9% followed by moderate category 7%. Depression was found to be associated with increasing age, low socio economic status and urban students. Conclusion: Regular screening of adolescents for depression and strengthening of school health services could provide the impetus for detection, prevention & management of adolescent depression.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/403
2018-06-01T07:59:59Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/403
2018-06-01T07:59:59Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2014); 200-201
Tetanus Booster -A missed opportunity
Gupta, Rajesh
Mandliya, Jagdish Chandra
Sabde, Yogesh Damodar
2014-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/403
en_US
Tetanus a known childhood killer is an entirely preventable disease with tetanus toxoid (TT). Most of the research today is on neonatal tetanus owing to its high case fatality rate. Though the reported mortality with tetanus is lower in older age groups, the management of tetanus is still a challenge in resource constraint settings of developing countries like India. On this background the present study was designed to know the status of tetanus immunization among school going age group children. This was an OPD based survey targeting school going children (age of 5 to 18 years) attending Pediatric out-patient department (OPD) of a tertiary care teaching hospital. It was observed that out of 636, 299 (47%) children were vaccinated for diphtheria, pertusis and tetanus (DPT) booster at 5 years of age. Out of 374 children eligible for TT (10 to 16 years) only 37 (9.8 %) were immunized with TT at age 10 years. Out of 44 children at age of 16 years only 6 (13.6%) were immunized. Though there are strategies to immunize school going children under routine immunization programme, official records documented that the immunization coverage for TT was 68% in school going age group. Majority of (80%) the cases of tetanus were in non-neonatal age group (mainly school going group) in Madhya Pradesh, India. Based on these observations it can be concluded that the tetanus immunization coverage among children of school going age was poor in the given setting. Tetanus is an acute, spastic paralytic illness historically called lockjaw that is caused by the neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani. Tetanus occurs worldwide and is endemic in approximately 90 developing countries. Tetanus is an entirely preventable disease with active immunization with tetanus toxoid. A serum antibody titer of ?0.01 U/mL is considered protective. [1] In India, according to National immunization schedule, active immunization against tetanus is done with administration of tetanus toxoid as trivalent vaccine of diphtheria, pertusis and tetanus (DPT) at 6, 10, 14 weeks and boosters at 16-24 months and 5-6 years of age. Afterwards only tetanus toxoid (TT) is given at 10 and 16 years of age. [2] The active immunization with tetanus toxoid has an estimated failure rate of less than 4 per 100 million immune-competent persons. [3] The reports of department of health and family welfare, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh (MP) revealed that the number of non-neonatal tetanus were higher than the neonatal cases. [4] On this background we have done an OPD based survey targeting to know the status of tetanus immunization among school going age group children (age of 5 to 18 years) attending Pediatric out-patient department (OPD) of a tertiary care teaching hospital, R. D. Gardi Medical college located in district Ujjain, of Madhya Pradesh (MP) Province of India. Prior approval from institutional Ethics committee was taken for the study. Total of 636 children were screened during the period of June – August 2013 for their routine immunization with DPT booster at age of 5 years. Among these 374 children were aged between 10 and 16 years and were asked for tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination as per the National Immunization Schedule (NIS). Our findings revealed that out of 636, 299 (47%) children were vaccinated for DPT booster at 5 years of age. Out of 374 children eligible for TT (10 to 16 years) only 37 (9.8%) were immunized with TT at age 10 years. Out of 44 children at age of 16 years only 6 (13.6%) were immunized.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/404
2018-06-01T07:59:57Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/404
2018-06-01T07:59:57Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2014); 202-204
Computer use pattern among adolescent school students in Chennai
Muthuthandavan, Anitha Rani
Christado, Sathiyasekaran Bernard Winfred
2014-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/404
en_US
Background: Computer use among adolescents is increased during the recent years. Computer has become important social medium for adolescents. The study was carried out to assess the computer use pattern among adolescent school students in Chennai. Methods: This is a cross sectional study done among 1842 adolescent school students studying in secondary and higher secondary schools in Chennai. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. Results: There were 895 boys and 947 girls included in this study. Nearly 18% of adolescents were using computer for more than 3 hours. Nearly 35% of adolescents were non users of computer. In this study computer use duration was more among boys than girls. Significant difference was observed in pattern of computer use. High proportion of adolescents use computer for academic purpose. Conclusion: Greater proportion of adolescents use computer for longer hours which need to be restricted for prevention of long term adverse health consequences.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/405
2018-06-01T07:59:56Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/405
2018-06-01T07:59:56Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2014); 205-210
Assessment of Unmet Need for Contraception among eligible couples in Urban Slums of Raipur city of Chhattisgarh state
Verma, Nirmal
Bhawnani, Dhiraj
Soni, Gopal Prasad
Bandhi, Gayatri
2014-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/405
en_US
Background: India was the first country to launch National Family Planning Program in 1952. Even though various measures have been taken to encourage the usage of contraception but the achievement in this field was not to the extent expected due to various social and cultural factors. Objective: This study was planned to assess the prevalence and its determinants of unmet need for contraception among eligible couples in urban slums of Raipur city. Methodology: A cross sectional community based study was conducted using cluster sampling in urban slums of Raipur city from November 2011 to October 2012. During the study, 711 fecund married women, age group 15-49 years were included and predesigned and pretested proforma was used as a study tool. The obtained data were analyzed using appropriate statistical test. Results: Among all eligible married women 45 % were concentrated in the prime reproductive age 20-29 yrs. Majority of women were not educated. The total unmet need for family planning comes out to 32.9%. Age, Education, literacy, Occupation, Type of Family, No of living children, Birth Order , No of male child, No of female child , Husband literacy were the most significant predictor of unmet need. Conclusion: Percentage of unmet need is higher as compared to national data, so there is urgently need to ensure the same.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/424
2018-06-01T07:55:57Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/424
2018-06-01T07:55:57Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 292-294
Prevalence and determinants of age related macular degeneration in north Indian city of Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Luthra, Megha
Luthra, Saurabh
Das, Shrutanjoy M
Negi, Kamal Singh
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/424
en_US
Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is among the fourth leading cause of blindness in India after cataract, refractive errors and glaucoma. Aim and Objective: To find out magnitude and determinants of blinding AMD among patients presenting at a tertiary level eye care centre in Dehradun with this condition. Material and methods: This was a study of eye patients above age 45 years seen from July 2010 to October 2013. After taking preliminary information, optometrist noted the best-corrected vision. Ophthalmologists examined eyes using a slit-lamp bio-microscope. AMD was confirmed by fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. The age, sex, history of smoking, sun exposure, family history of AMD, diet, body mass index (BMI), history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were noted. Results: Of the 14,698 patients seen, 221 had AMD (dry or wet) in at least one eye, the overall proportion of AMD being 1.50%. Of all AMD patients, 103 had blinding wet AMD (46.61%).Further analysis revealed that old age (71-80 years), male sex and history of hypertension, diabetes etc were significant risk factors of wet AMD. Of the 221 patients with AMD, nearly a third, that is 71 patients (32.13%) had visual acuity of better eye < 3/60, which was taken as criteria for blindness. Conclusions: AMD does not seem to be a problem of public health magnitude in the study area. Age, being male, history of hypertension, diabetes etc are significant risk factors for wet AMD.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/425
2018-06-01T07:55:55Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/425
2018-06-01T07:55:55Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 295-297
Prevalence of anemia amongst overweight and obese children in NCT of Delhi
Kapil, Umesh
Sareen, Neha
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/425
en_US
Introduction: Anemia amongst children has been associated with impaired cognitive functions, developmental delays, behavioral and learning disturbances. Young children from high-income groups could be also being affected from anemia. Objective: To assess the prevalence of anemia amongst overweight and obese children in the age group of 5-18 years residing in National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi. Material and Methods: Total of 413 children was included in the present study. The hemoglobin (Hb) estimation was done by cyanmethemoglobin method. Results: In the age group of 5-11 years, the prevalence of anemia amongst overweight and obese children was found to be 38.4% and 29.2%. And in the age group of 12-18 years, the prevalence of anemia amongst overweight and obese children was found to be 33.3% and 21.7%; respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that there is a high prevalence of anemia amongst overweight and obese children in the age group of 5-18 years in NCT, Delhi.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/426
2018-06-01T07:55:54Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/426
2018-06-01T07:55:54Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 298-302
Prevalence of anaemia in college going youths in a rural block of Haryana
Verma, Ramesh
Deswal, Shelja
Kamboj, Renu
Arora, Varun
Kharb, Meenakshi
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/426
en_US
Research Question: What is the prevalence of Anaemia in college going youths in a rural block of Haryana? Objectives: To determine prevalence of Anaemia in college going youths in rural block of Haryana. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive at Government College for women in rural block, Lakhanmajra, Dist. Rohtak among 187 college going young women of age group 15 to 24 years.Results:The overall prevalence of anaemia was 60.96%. 114 out of 187 young women had varying severity of anaemia while anaemia was absent in 39.04% of the girls.Out of the 187 girls, 83 (44.38%) were mildly anaemic, 26(13.9%) were moderately anaemic and 5(2.67%) were severely anaemic. Conclusion: The present study revealed anaemia to be a major health problem among the college going girls in rural areas in Haryana.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/427
2018-06-01T07:55:53Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/427
2018-06-01T07:55:53Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 303-307
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Influenza A (H1N1) among senior secondary school students of Kanpur city in north India
Nath, Bhola
Midha, Tanu
Kumari, Ranjeeta
Gupta, Sanjay
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/427
en_US
Background: Knowledge regarding Influenza A (H1N1) and its transmission and measures of prevention and control are important for individual protection as well as to contain the spread of the disease. Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Influenza A (H1N1) among senior secondary school students of Kanpur. Study Design: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. Material and Methods: This study was conducted among students of Class XI and XII of a leading private school in Kanpur. All the students present in the class at the time of the survey were included in the study. Results: Of the 483 students included in the study, 208 (43.1%) knew that it was a viral disease. Of all the students, 303 (62.7%) knew about the mode of transmission. Around 336 (69.6%) of the students knew that fever >38°C was a major symptom. Less commonly occurring symptoms such as diarrhoea (20.9%) and vomiting (14.3%) were known to few students. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding Influenza A (H1N1) needs to be enhanced among senior secondary school students through appropriate awareness programs.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/428
2018-06-01T07:55:51Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/428
2018-06-01T07:55:51Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 308-310
Knowledge and attitude on ill effects of smoking among adults residing in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal
D, Gnanakshi
Singh, Sakun
Poudel, Sandhya
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/428
en_US
Background: Worldwide opinion says, “Smoking is injurious to health”. It is positively injurious in many ways not only to the health of smoker but also to the health of the people around him or her known as the passive smokers. The three main components of inhaled cigarette smoke are nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar, which can cause disease. If this nicotine is absorbed in the blood stream and left within 10 seconds it increases the heart rate and blood pressure by stimulating the release of hormones such as adrenaline and constricting blood vessels [1]. Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude on ill effects of smoking among adults residing in Lekhnath municipality, ward no.12, Khudi, Kaski”. Material & Method: A survey approach with the descriptive design was selected to achieve the objectives of the study. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples. The sample size was 100 adults of 20 years & above. Data was collected from 10/03/2013-10/04/2013 by interview technique regarding ill effects of smoking by using questionnaire and finally the data was analyzed using Excel 2007 & SPSS for Windows Version 16.0. Results: The major findings of the present study were as follows: Most of the participants (58%) were having good level of knowledge, 31% were having average level of knowledge and remaining 11% were having poor level of knowledge towards ill effects of smoking. Majority of participants had favorable attitude (81%) towards ill effects of smoking. The correlation between knowledge and attitude was found to be positive at the significance level of P>0.01.Significant association of knowledge was found with gender, marital status and education level regarding ill effects of smoking. Significant association of attitude was found with family type and source of information regarding ill effects of smoking. Conclusion: Hence, still few people residing in the community are having poor knowledge and attitude on ill effects of smoking, so more efforts are needed to make people aware about it in order to prevent our society completely from the clutch of this evil addiction.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/429
2018-06-01T07:59:52Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/429
2018-06-01T07:59:52Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 311-315
Awareness of Snake bite and its first aid management in rural areas of Maharashtra
Chincholikar, Sanjeev Vasantrao
Bandana, Patniak
Swati, Raje
2014-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/429
en_US
Background: Cause of ‘unacceptable incidence’ of snake bite fatalities is that people try out all kinds of ‘bizarre remedies’ initially. Objectives: To study the knowledge about the types of snakes and their identification and to ascertain the knowledge about first aid. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 10 adopted villages under Rural Health Training Centre, from July 2011 to June 2012. Out of 2272 households, a proportionate sample was selected and one representative from each household was further selected at random. Results: The awareness about first aid measures was less in all subjects but the knowledge about symptoms of snake bite was higher in majority of subjects. It was observed that knowledge about types of snakes was significantly higher in 12-20 years of age group (p <0.05). Out of 49 survived cases of total 68 cases, 8 cases were given wrong first aid. Use of mantriks, sucking of blood was practiced in few cases. In most of the cases the nearest health facility is not in a reachable distance, taking more than 30 minutes to reach and no transport facility is available to reach nearest health centre. Hence, in order to prevent untimely death, there is a need to provide knowledge regarding first aid treatment of snake bite to the villagers.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/430
2018-06-01T07:55:50Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/430
2018-06-01T07:55:50Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 3 (2014); 316-319
Gaps in availability, utilization and expectations of people from health care services: A study of resettlement colony, Chandigarh
Gandhi, Mamta
Narang, Kavita
Kaur, Manmeet
2014-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/430
en_US
Introduction: Health care services cover a wide spectrum of community services for the treatment of disease, prevention of illness and promotion of health.[1] Aim and Objective: This study was aimed at assessing the gap in availability and utilization of health services in a resettlement Colony of Chandigarh. Material and methods: Dadu Majra was purposely selected to assess the gap in availability and utilization of health care services and expectations of people from public health sector. Using semi structured interview schedule, interviews were carried with all health care providers. Six focused group discussions and interviews were held 114 sampled service users. Results: Most of the users were utilizing services from private medical clinics (96.5%) for the treatment of acute illnesses. For antenatal checkup/delivery (95.6%), chronic diseases (99.1%), and emergency services (95.6%) Government Multi-Speciality Hospital, Chandigarh was being utilized. Utilization of services provided at civil dispensary of study area was low. The expectations of users were availability of at least one doctor and availability of free medicine & laboratory facilities. Conclusions: Public health services were preferred over by the private and therefore need to be strengthened.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/451
2018-06-01T07:55:22Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/451
2018-06-01T07:55:22Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 4 (2014); 423-427
Determinants of family planning acceptance and changing social norms among the tribes of Tamil Nadu – A qualitative exploration
Yadav, Niranjan
Patil, Rajan R
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/451
en_US
Background: There are very few studies done among tribes that explore the contribution of changing social norms which influences the acceptance of family planning methods. Objective: To discover various changing traditional social norms that influence tribal people to accept contraceptive methods. Methodology: Ten in-depth interviews were conducted among Toda and Irula tribes of Nilagiri district, Tamil Nadu. Family planning acceptors were interviewed and sampling was purposive to get data richness. The interviewed were summarized and themes identified. The themes were used to construct a conceptual framework of social factors influencing family planning acceptance. Results: The important themes that emerged were: (1) Perceived need for development in terms of education and sufficient savings for future. (2) Improved perception on attaining gender equality by women. (3) Lack of bonding between parents and children due to poor attention and poor understanding in large families. (4) Learning from the bad experiences of others with large families was a major reason for adopting small families. Conclusion: The social norms which influenced acceptance of family planning methods seem to be related to perceived financial and economic development of families directly or indirectly. Therefore family planning education programs should emphasize on the financial and economic benefits of family planning.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/452
2018-06-01T07:55:21Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/452
2018-06-01T07:55:21Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 4 (2014); 428-433
Assessment of knowledge and perception regarding male sterilization (Non-Scalpel Vasectomy) among community health workers in Jharkhand, India
Mahapatra, Swati
Narula, Chahat
Thakur, Chander Pal
Kalita, Tapan Jyoti
Mehra, Rakesh
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/452
en_US
Introduction: In India, community health workers are the main source of information for family planning services and male population want to interact and discuss with them to clear their doubts about male oriented family planning methods. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and perception of community health workers regarding the modern male sterilization method. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Simdega district of Jharkhand. The target population was the community health workers and randomly selected from four randomly selected from blocks out of total seven in the district. A self-administered quantitative questionnaire was used for data collection comprising questions related to knowledge and perception of community health workers about modern male sterilization method. Results: 43% CHWs didn’t know that this method is different from traditional male sterilization method and around 62% thought man’s sexual performance get affected after NSV and 77% did not have any idea about time required to resume normal work. Conclusions: The poor knowledge and wrong perception could be one of the main reasons for poor male participation in family planning process in India.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/453
2018-06-01T07:55:20Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/453
2018-06-01T07:55:20Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 4 (2014); 434-437
Effectiveness of individual health education on the practice of dengue fever prevention in an urban area of Puducherry, India
Saurabh, Suman
M, Veerakumar A
S, Kalaiselvi
C, Palanivel
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/453
en_US
Background: Prevention of breeding of Aedes mosquito is an effective method for dengue control. Practice of source reduction to prevent breeding depends on the knowledge of the community, which can be improved by health education. Objectives: Our objective was to ascertain the knowledge and practice of the community regarding dengue and its prevention, and to assess the effectiveness of individual health education on practice of dengue prevention. Methodology: In urban service area of JIPMER, using Street-wise cluster sampling pre and post intervention data collection was done. Intervention was “Individual health education on the practice of dengue prevention”. Main outcome measures were Awareness and practice regarding dengue prevention. McNemar’s test was used in the analysis. Results: A total of 351 respondents were studied of whom 89% knew that dengue was spread by mosquitoes. Only one-fourths knew about the correct biting time and breeding condition of Aedes mosquitoes. Practice regarding draining of unused tyres, coolers, flower vases, disposal of coconut shells and keeping unused flower pots upturned were found to improve significantly after health education. Conclusions: Individual health education was effective in improving the practice of source reduction in a community with poor knowledge of vector biting and breeding habits.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/454
2018-06-01T07:55:18Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/454
2018-06-01T07:55:18Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. 4 (2014); 438-442
Awareness of dengue fever among school children: a comparison between private and government schools
Kalra, Shivani
Kaur, Jasbir
Sharma, Suresh Kumar
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/454
en_US
Background: Dengue is the mosquito born viral disease spreading its tentacles all over the world. Dengue constitutes for major cause of deaths in children. According to WHO, globally it was estimated that approximately 70-100 million people were infected every year. Therefore, the study has been conducted with the aim to assess knowledge regarding dengue fever among school children. Methodology: Total of 500 children were selected from 9th and 10th class of private and government schools using total enumerative sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaire method. After assessing knowledge classes were taken by investigators focusing on prevention of dengue fever. Results: Finding of study revealed that among Private schools excellent knowledge was found in 06 (01.2%) children, good in 123 (24.6%) children, average 112 (22.4%) children and poor in 02 (00.41) whereas in Government schools none of students had excellent knowledge, 76(15.2%) children were having good knowledge, 178(35.6%) children were having average knowledge & 03 (00.6) children were having poor knowledge. The mean knowledge scores were higher in students of Private schools i.e. 31.45 ± 6.41 as compared to students of Government schools i.e. 28.17 ± 5.39 at t=6.19 (p=0.00). Conclusion: It is concluded that majority of school students of private and government schools were having average knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever. Therefore, there is need for further information, education and communication programs regarding prevention of dengue fever and this can be achieved by organizing health education campaigns in community involving schools.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/475
2018-06-01T07:54:47Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/475
2018-06-01T07:54:47Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 1 (2014); 102-105
Organoleptic Study of Deacidified and Deodourised Palm Oil
Kapil, Umesh
Nayar, Deepika
Sharma, T D
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/475
en_US
Deficiency of vitamin A has long been identified as a serious and preventable nutritional disorder, associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity amongst children. The present study was conducted with the objectives (i) to perform organoleptic testing of food products cooked in Deacidified and Deodourised Palm oil (DDPO), by sensory evaluation method and (ii) to compare the characteristics of these food products with the same products cooled in routinely used oil. Eleven commonly used weaning food items were prepared with routinely used oil (Group a). The same recipes were also prepared with DDPO (Group B). A food testing panel conducted with sensory evaluation for assessing the acceptability of the various food items. It was observed that with respect to all characteristics there was no significant difference in the recipes made with the two types of oil. Results indicated that DDPO can be used in India for preparation of weaning foods which are routinely given to young children.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/516
2018-06-01T07:36:21Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/516
2018-06-01T07:36:21Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 339-342
Enhancing micronutrient content of beverage powder by incorporating malted finger millet
Tripathi, Jaya
Gupta, Alka
Prasad, Ranu
Puranik, Vinita
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/516
en_US
Introduction: There is growing interest in the role of the micronutrients in optimizing health, and in prevention or treatment of disease. Micronutrients play a central part in metabolism and in the maintenance of tissue function, an adequate intake therefore is necessary. Rationale: This research work was concerned with the development of micronutrient especially calcium rich instant health beverage powder from malted finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and gurhal powder (Hibiscus rosa- sinensis). Aims & Objectives: In this study attempts have been made to investigate that whether the extruded malted finger millet flour and hibiscus flower powder has improved the nutritional and phytochemical quality of instant health beverage powder without deteriorating their sensory properties and whether it can be a supplement for calcium deficit sedentary women. Materials and methods: Instant health beverage powder was prepared by adding malted and extruded finger millet with glucose, hibiscus flower powder, citric acid and vanilla essence. All the ingredients were mixed well. Prior to consumption this powder was dissolved in water and stirred well manually. Further Instant health beverage powder was assessed for nutritional composition. Results: Results shows that beverage powder has very high content of protein (12.25 %) and calcium (96.5 %) along with highly beneficial neutraceutical properties as compared with the health drinks available in market, it is because of enhanced antioxidant activity resulted due to the incorporation of gurhal leaf powder and malting of the finger millet. Conclusion: This study may prove as a potential step to utilise malted finger millet as a supplement for calcium deficit women. The nutritional composition was found sufficient enough to meet approximately one fourth of RDA of Protein and Calcium as prescribed by NIN, India for sedentary women who are the main sufferers of calcium deficiencies in various life stages like pregnancy, lactation and menopause.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/517
2018-06-01T07:36:20Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/517
2018-06-01T07:36:20Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 343-347
A study of knowledge, attitude and beliefs of Anganwari workers regarding infant and young child feeding practices
Mahajan, Anjali
Kaushal, Kanica
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/517
en_US
Introduction: Malnutrition permeates all aspects of health, growth, cognition, motor and social development of young children. Anganwari Worker (AWW) is a community based frontline honorary worker of the ICDS Programme. She is an agent of social change and capable of mobilizing community support for promotion of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices, thereby helping to curb child malnutrition to a large extent. Rationale: The AWW is the key functionary who can appropriately guide the mothers regarding appropriate IYCF practices in the best possible way, provided she herself is well equipped with adequate knowledge. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitude and beliefs of Anganwari workers regarding IYCF practices. Material & Methods: 100 AWWs were assessed for their knowledge, attitude and beliefs regarding IYCF practices. Both pre-test and post-test evaluations were done. Results: About 19% of the AWWs did not know the age up to which the child should be exclusively breastfed and 13% did not know about the age of introduction of complementary feeding. Only 47 % of the AWWs knew about the “feeding on demand” concept. More than 90% of AWWs believed that colostrum should be given to the baby. None of the AWWs knew about the quantitative additional calorie, protein and calcium requirements in lactating mothers. There was significant difference (P<0.001) between mean pre test scores (19.48±1.98) and mean post-test knowledge scores (22.21±0.93) of Anganwari workers. Conclusion: Repetitive practical orientation programmes would help in increasing the knowledge of AWWs and improving their skills for implementation of correct IYCF norms. Efficient, coordinated and well-targeted approaches can bring about positive changes in child under nutrition.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/518
2018-06-01T07:36:19Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/518
2018-06-01T07:36:19Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 348-352
Prevalence of anaemia and its socio demographic determinants among pregnant women in Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh
Singh, Paramatma
Chaudhary, Varsha
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/518
en_US
Background: About one-third of the global population is anaemic. WHO has estimated that prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women is 18% in developed countries and relatively high 56% in developing countries. Prevalence of anaemia in South East Asian countries is highest in the world. WHO estimates that even among the South East Asian countries, India has the highest prevalence of anaemia. Aims & Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women and to determine association of anaemia with its socio-demographic factors. Material & Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women 2nd trimester onwards who came to ante natal clinic of obstetrics and gynaecology department during January-March 2014 by using pre-designed, pretested schedule. A total of 300 pregnant women were clinically examined. Written consent was taken. Haemoglobin estimation was done by Cyanmethaemoglobin method and anaemia was graded according to WHO criteria. Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS Version 17. Results: Overall prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women was found to be 58.3%. It was seen that 31% of women were illiterate and 38.7% of them belong to upper middle class. Factors such as level of education of women, occupation and consumption of Iron Folic Acid were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy. Conclusion: A very high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy needs awareness about late marriage, birth spacing, one or two child norm, antenatal care, green leafy vegetable in diet, mandatory regular supply of IFA tablets to adolescent and pregnant women along with correction of other nutritional deficiencies.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/519
2018-06-01T07:36:18Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/519
2018-06-01T07:36:18Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 353-358
A comparative study on gender disparity in nutritional status in children under five years in rural and urban communities of Assam, India
Yesmin, Farha
Baruah, Rupali
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/519
en_US
Introduction: Under nutrition is a serious public health problem among children in the developing countries. Though the importance of girl child has been stressed time and again, yet a wide level of disparity still exists, whether implicit or explicit, in nutrition and child care both in the rural and urban areas. Different underlying factors are responsible for this disparity. Rationale: Girls face discrimination from the moment she is born. The UNICEF intergenerational cycle of malnutrition stresses on the fact that the problem of malnutrition spans generation and is a vicious cycle. Though the importance of girl child has been stressed time and again, yet a wide level of disparity still exists. Therefore this study is conducted to document the gender disparity in nutritional status and compare rural and urban differences. Objective: 1.To compare the gender disparity in nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years in rural and urban areas.2.To assess the different socio-demographic factors influencing the gender disparity. Materials and Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kamrup Rural and Kamrup Urban using a pre-tested schedule from August 2013-July 2014.A total of 400 children were examined and their mother’s interviewed. Data was entered into MS-Excel spread sheets for analysis. The statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 16 software. Percentages and Chi square tests were used to analyze epidemiological variables. Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting in rural area was 31%, 29%, 15.5% respectively whereas in urban it was 39.5%, 36% and 24.5% respectively. In rural area, male child were 32% underweight, 28% stunted and 19% wasted compared to female who were 30% underweight, 30% stunted and 12% wasted. In urban area 48% of female child were underweight, 39% stunted and 27% wasted compared to 31%, 33% and 22% in male child respectively. A significant higher proportion of underweight was found in girls belonging to Muslim religion, OBC category, nuclear family, illiterate unemployed mother and low income. Conclusion: The girl child suffers from malnutrition more in the urban areas than rural area
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/520
2018-06-01T07:36:16Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/520
2018-06-01T07:36:16Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 359-364
Prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age group in a rural block of Northern India
Verma, Ramesh
Kharb, Meenakshi
Deswal, Shelja
Arora, Varun
Kamboj, Renu
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/520
en_US
Background: Nutritional anaemia is a major public health problem in India and is primarily due to iron deficiency. The National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3) data suggests that anaemia is widely prevalent among all age groups, and is particularly high nearly 55.3% amongst the most vulnerable in all women (15-49 years) Aims & Objectives: 1. To determine prevalence of Anaemia among women of reproductive age group in rural block of Haryana. 2. Effects of anaemia on mean height and weight of women of reproductive age group. Material Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive. All the women of reproductive age group (15-45 years) of CHC Sample block were included as study participants. Results: The overall prevalence of anaemia was 48.9%. 4302 out of 8590 females had varying severity of anaemia while anaemia was absent in 51.1% of the study participants. Out of the 8590 females, 1612 (18.8%) were mildly anaemic, 2374 (27.6%) were moderately anaemic and 217 (2.5%) were severely anaemic. The study revealed that mean weight and mean height in non anaemic females was more than that of varying degree (severe, moderate, mild) of anaemic females. Conclusion: the present study revealed anaemia to be a major health problem among the women of reproductive age group in rural areas in Haryana affecting their health status.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/521
2018-06-01T07:36:15Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/521
2018-06-01T07:36:15Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 26 No. Supp 2 (2014); 365-368
A study on the impact of supplementary nutrition and ART management on children with HIV/AIDS status attending an ART Centre
Dixit, Umesh R
Bendigeri, N D
2014-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/521
en_US
Background: AIDS has been killing large number of people. The rate of infection of young children is quite high yet they are the ones who are not proportionately covered under ART. Children are vulnerable to infections more compared to adults and if malnutrition co-exists it makes them more vulnerable. Aims and objectives: To assess the impact of ART treatment on immune status; to study the common opportunistic infections among the study group; to study the relationship between supplementary nutrition and opportunistic infection. Materials and methods: A secondary data was collected about 46 children. Informed consent was taken from the parents/ guardians. Children were suggested to eat one extra meal and ground nuts and one egg thrice weekly. Result: There was significant increase in the CD4 count in these children (p <0.01) and the occurrence of opportunistic infections reduced significantly in those taking supplementary nutrition (p<0.001). In terms of opportunistic infections, skin infections were more common followed by tuberculosis and diarrhea. Conclusion: Supplementary nutrition reduces the opportunistic infections and also improves the immunity. However, the study needs to be done with more sample size.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/544
2018-06-01T07:30:30Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/544
2018-06-01T07:30:30Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 130-134
A study of oral pre-malignant lesions and related risk factors
Varshney, Saurabh
Sandhir, Shivanjali
Mishra, Sarita
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/544
en_US
Introduction: The occurrence of oral pre-malignant lesions is related to social behavior and addictive habits of the individual. The type of lesions differs from one geographic area to other. There is paucity of data on oral pre- malignant lesion occurring in the state of Uttarakhand. Though not all oral carcinomas are preceded by premalignant lesions as clinically visible morphological alterations occur secondary to the cellular or molecular changes. Their management remains controversially polarized between surgical excision to prevent malignant change and conservative medical or surveillance techniques. Material and Methods: It was an observational cross sectional study for one year. 77 cases of oral pre-malignant lesions attending E.N.T. OPD were studied. The lesions included were leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and erythroplakia. Result: The males were affected more than females. The male: female ratio was 4.13:1. The most affected age group was 31-40 years (36.36%). The leukoplakia cases were 45 (58.45%), oral submucous fibrosis 26 cases (33.76%) and erythroplakia- 6 cases (7.79%). The habit of tobacco use was found to be a risk factor for development of these conditions. Conclusion: The leukoplakia is more common than oral submucous fibrosis. There is correlation between tobacco use and premalignant conditions. The occurrence of oral submucous fibrosis is related to chewable tobacco or other chewable products. The leukoplakia is associated with smoking and its association with alcohol misuse needs further studies
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/545
2018-06-01T07:30:29Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/545
2018-06-01T07:30:29Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 135-138
A study on knowledge and practice regarding biomedical waste management among staff nurses and nursing students of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi
Haider, Shamim
Kumari, Sneha
Kashyap, Vivek
Sunderam, Shalini
Singh, Shashi Bhushan
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/545
en_US
Background: Hospitals are the centre of cure and also the important centres of infectious waste generation. Effective management of Biomedical Waste (BMW) is not only a legal necessity but also a social responsibility. Aims and Objectives: To assess the knowledge and practice in managing the biomedical wastes among nursing staff and student nurses in RIMS, Ranchi. Materials and methods: The study was conducted at RIMS, Ranchi from Oct 2013 to March 2014 (6 months). It was a descriptive, hospital based, cross-sectional study. A total of 240 nurses participated in the present study, randomly chosen from various departments A pre-designed, pre-tested, structured proforma was used for data collection after getting their informed consent. Self-made scoring system was used to categorize the participants as having good, average and poor scores. Data was tabulated and analyzed using percentages and chi-square test. Results: The knowledge regarding general information about BMW management was assessed(with scores 0-8),it was found that level of knowledge was better in student nurses than staff nurses as student nurses scored good(6-8correct answers) in more than half of the questions (65%).Whereas staff nurses scored good in only 33.33% questions. When the practical information regarding the BMW management is assessed (with scores 0-8), it was found that staff nurses had relatively better practice regarding BMW management than students as they scored good(6-8correct answers) in 40% and 30% respectively. Conclusion: Though overall knowledge of study participants was good but still they need good quality training to improve their current knowledge about BMW.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/546
2018-06-01T07:30:28Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 139-142
Contraceptive usage and awareness among postpartum mothers in urban field practice area of a tertiary hospital
Sidhu, Tanvir Kaur
Coonar, PP S
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/546
en_US
Background: To study contraceptive usage and awareness among postpartum mothers. Objective: To assess prevalence of postpartum contraception and factors affecting the usage of contraceptives in Urban area. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Urban Field practice area of Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda. All females who delivered within last one year were included in the study. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and other details. A total of 92 females were included. The appropriate statistical analysis was done to present the results. Results: 30.4% females had adopted one or the other postpartum contraceptive measure. Condom was the most common method used. Usage of postpartum contraception was significantly associated with women’s and husband’s education, type of delivery and availing of antenatal and postnatal visits. The main reason for not using postpartum contraception was lack of knowledge and access. 16.3% females had unmet need of postpartum contraception. Conclusions: Overall usage of postpartum contraception was low and mainly related to lack of awareness and knowledge.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/547
2018-06-01T07:30:26Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 143-149
Knowledge and Practice on lifestyle modifications among males with hypertension
Durai, Vanitha
Muthuthandavan, Anitha Rani
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/547
en_US
Background: In 2004, prevalence of hypertension was 25% in urban and 10% in rural population in India, leads to 57% of all stroke deaths and 42% of cardiovascular deaths.(1,2) Life style modifications control hypertension and prevent complications. Aims and Objectives: To find out the level of knowledge about life style modifications needed for control of blood pressure among males with hypertension and their current life style practice. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among males with hypertension in the age group of 30-59 years who attended Hypertension Clinic of Medicine Outpatient Department in Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Hospital, Porur, Chennai in November 2013 using an interview schedule. Result: Among 100 males with hypertension, 34% were in the age group of less than 50 years and 64% had hypertension for less than 5 years. Nearly 84% had knowledge about influence of smoking and alcohol on hypertension and 82% had knowledge about at least 3 dietary factors which control hypertension. About 70% of males were aware that more than 30 minutes of physical activity/day is needed to control hypertension. Currently 89% were physically active for more than 30 minutes/day, 72% did not consume alcohol, 89% were nonsmokers but 25% were adding extra salt in their diet and none of them increased fibre intake. Conclusion: Dietary modification practices were less among hypertensive males.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/548
2018-06-01T07:30:24Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 150-154
A study of scrub typhus cases from a tertiary care hospital in Dehradun
Luthra, Megha
Varma, Amit
Gupta, Sudhir Kumar
Negi, Kamal Singh
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/548
en_US
Introduction: Scrub Typhus is a trombiculid mite-borne rickettsial zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is widely endemic in the Asia–Pacific region and threatens a population of millions. Aim and Objectives: To study epidemiology and clinical profile of Scrub Typhus Cases in a clinical setting and to clarify current diagnostic issues of scrub typhus. Materials and methods: Study period was August to December 2014. 197 clinical cases confirmed by positive result in immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM or IgA) using a rapid immuno-chromatographic assay (Bioline SD Tsutsugamushi One Step Scrub typhus Antibody test) were included. Results: 27.4% cases were in the age group of 20-30 years followed by cases in the age group of 10-20 as well as 40-50 years (15.7%). More than half of all the cases were female (58.4%). 29.9% were still studying and and 17.8% were illiterate/just literate. 29.4% cases were from district Dehradun followed by cases from district Saharanpur (25.4%). Most cases were not working, i.e. were housewives (42.6%) followed by students (29.9%). Most common presenting features were fever with gastro-intestinal symptoms (51.3%). All the cases were treated with appropriate antibiotics (Doxycycline, Azithromycin and a higher generation cephalosporin for secondary complications). 38.1% cases went on to develop a complication during their hospital stay. All were discharged in satisfactory condition except for two mortalities during the study period
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/549
2018-06-01T07:30:23Z
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2018-06-01T07:30:23Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 155-160
Time trends in the thesis work by post-graduate students of Community Medicine: A record based descriptive study of 40 years
Nagargoje, M M
Chaudhary, Shailendra
Kumar Misra, Sunil
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/549
en_US
Background: Thesis work conducted by post-graduate students of Community Medicine is critically appraised by not only their examiners but also by many other public health experts and researchers. Issues related to the repetition of work and quality of thesis work is raised by various authors. Objective: To assess the time trend in the thesis work done by post-graduate students of Community Medicine. Material and methods: This is a record based descriptive observational study conducted in the department of Community Medicine of S. N. Medical College, Agra (Uttar Pradesh). Data from all the 66 theses which were submitted by the Post Graduate students of our department till date was collected and assessed systematically. Result: Most preferred areas of research were MCH/Family Planning (28.79%) and Programme/Service evaluation (22.73%). 77.27% of theses were community based, 36.37% were done exclusively in a rural area, 24.24% of theses had children/adolescent as their study subjects and 28.79% were conducted exclusively among females. A knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) or Knowledge, attitude, behavior and practice (KABP) study was part of many theses but exclusive KAP/KABP study was done only in 12.12% of theses. A purposive or convenience sampling was done in only 18.33% of theses, 86.67% were cross-sectional in design and median sample size was 450 participants per thesis. In comparison to the theses done upto the year 2000, theses thereafter were more often based in an urban area and less often done in an exclusive rural area (p=0.0003) and all KAP/KABP studies were done after the year 2000 (p=0.004). Conclusion: There is no repetition or excessive use of KAP/KABP studies in the theses done by post-graduate students of the department of Community Medicine, S. N. Medical College, Agra
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/550
2018-06-01T07:30:21Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2015); 161-165
A cross sectional study on health status of infants in rural areas of Kamrup, Assam
Borah, Madhur
Baruah, Rupali
Baruah, Kanika K
2015-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/550
en_US
Introduction: Infancy is the period of growth and development of a child. Inadequate care, malnutrition and infections in this crucial period lead to high neonatal and infant deaths and also high prevalence of morbidities. But data on childhood and infant mortality and morbidities are still not adequate in North Eastern part of India, so this cross sectional study was initiated. Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and morbidity profile of infants and to study the associated socio-economic factors. Material and methods: Total 450 singleton infants under 1 year of age in 30 cluster villages were selected for the study. Data collected about socioeconomic condition of the family, infants’ nutrition and morbidity status and anthropometric measurements were done. Results: Out of 450 infants 24% were found to be underweight while 13.3% were stunted and 7.1% were wasted. Female infants were found to be more malnourished. A statistically significant association was found between gender and nutritional status. ARI (20%) and Diarrhoea (14%) were the most common morbidities among the study population and 6 to 8 months age group was the most vulnerable for these common morbidities. Conclusion: the study revealed that high percentages of the infants were suffering from malnutrition with female predominance and respiratory diseases, diarrhoea and malnutrition were the major causes of morbidity during the first year of life.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/567
2018-06-01T07:29:54Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 2 (2015); 257-262
Road traffic accidents: a lifetime financial blow the victim cripples under
Verma, Preeti
Gupta, S C
Misra, Sunil Kumar
Agrawal, Renu
Agrawal, Vishal
Singh, Gagan
2015-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/567
en_US
Introduction: WHO states that the proportion of deaths and casualty registrations of RTA cases represents only the tip of the iceberg. A similar tip of the iceberg phenomenon exists between the visible expenses incurred due to the accidents and the much larger invisible losses are there that imperceptibly disable the family budget. Objective: (1) To estimate the total expenditure on treatment of RTA cases and its proportion to their monthly family income on treatment.(2) To estimate the loss of wages of RTA cases and project the other losses.(3) To enquire reimbursement of losses of RTA cases. Materials and methods: A hospital based cross sectional study, conducted at ED and Hospital of S.N. Medical College, Agra. Data were collected by using semi structured questionnaire from RTA cases or their attendants. Results: Out of 425 admitted RTA cases, 318 (74.8%) had spent Rs > 5,000 on the treatment and 304(71.5%) had lost their wages Rs >1, 000. 73.2% had incurred hospital expenses from 1to10 times or even more of their monthly family income. About 1/4th cases recovered completely and 64.01% recovered with temporary physical deficit. 3.5% had health insurance. 75.8% cases had remained hospitalized for more than1 week or up to a month duration and a strong positive correlation (r = 0.83) was found between the length of stay in the hospital and the amount spent on the treatment. Conclusion: The financial assault suffered by the road traffic accident cases and their families even if they are treated in Government Hospital are so huge that cannot be ignored.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/568
2018-06-01T07:29:53Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 2 (2015); 263-269
Determinants of Subclinical Vitamin A Deficiency among children 1-5 years in a rural community of Jammu
Suri, Shivali
Kumar, Dinesh
2015-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/568
en_US
Background: The burden of sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency (VAD), as evident by serum retinol levels, is huge (62%) among preschool children in India. Sub-clinical VAD increases children’s' susceptibility to infections, reduces physical growth and decreases the ability to survive from serious illnesses. Aims & Objectives: To assess the burden of subclinical VAD and study the various risk factors associated with it among children 1-5 years of age. Material Methods: A cross sectional community based study was conducted among 750 children selected from 15 villages adopting multistage random sampling from January to December 2011. Heller Keller International Food Frequency Questionnaire (HKI- FFQ) was used to assess intakes of 28 food-items including vitamin A rich foods for the past 7 days. Various risk factors like socio-demographic profile, dietary pattern, vitamin A supplementation and breast feeding patterns were also studied. Results: Twelve of the fifteen cluster villages studied were found to be at risk of subclinical VAD. 30.6 % of study subjects had not received even a single dose of Vitamin A. Almost one-third of the subjects had not been breast-fed for the recommended 6 months. Age and socio-economic status were significantly associated with the risk of sub-clinical VAD. Among the dietary factors, consumption of purely vegetarian foods and intake of green leafy vegetables less than thrice a week were significantly associated with enhanced risk of sub-clinical VAD. Conclusion: Sub Clinical VAD is a public health problem of wide-spread importance. Dietary diversification along with enhanced coverage of Vitamin A supplementation can tackle the problem of subclinical VAD
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/569
2018-06-01T07:29:52Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:52Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 2 (2015); 270-275
Relationship of anaemia and morbidities among children aged 5-14 years in a resettlement area, Delhi
Kasdekar, Pankaj Motilal
Prasuna, Josyula
Sulania, Anika
Rasania, Sanjeev Kumar
Dwivedi, Nidhi
2015-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/569
en_US
Partnership for Child Development (1998), “The anthropometric status of school children in five countries in the Partnership for Child Development”. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 57: 149- 158.
World Health Organization. Anaemia. WHO (2010).
World Health Organization (WHO). WHO global database on anaemia: Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. Ge¬neva: WHO, 2008a. [Cited 2014 Aug 24]. Available from: URL: http://www.who. int/vmnis/anaemia/prevalence/en/index. html
World Health Organization (WHO). Health in Asia and the Pacific: Reproductive health, child and adolescent health, nutrition, and health for older persons. Geneva: WHO, 2008b. [Cited 2014 Jul 6]. Available from: URL: http://www.wpro.who.int/publica-tions/Health+in+Asia+and+the+Pacific. Html.
National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) (2005-06), Nutrition in India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India,
World Health Organisation. Criteria Anaemia 1985; WHO.World Bank.
Rema N, Vasanthamani G. Prevalence of nutritional and lifestyle disorders among school going children in urban and rural areas of Coimbatore, Tamilnadu: Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2011; Vol. 4 (2).
Bhoite R, et al. Magnitude of malnutrition and Iron deficiency anaemia among rural school children: Asian J Exp Biol Sci 2003; Vol 2(2): 354-361.
Handa R, Ahamad F, Prasad R, “Assessment of nutritional status of 7-10 Years School going children of Allahabad District”. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 2008; 3(3):109-115.
Verma A, et al. Factors influencing anaemia among girls of school going age (6-18 years) from the slums of Ahmedabad city. IJCM 2004; Vol 29 (1).
Hasan I, Zulkifle M, A study of malnutrition in government school children in the field area of azad nagar Bangalore, India. (MD thesis).2010.Dept. of preventive and social medicine; National Institute of Unani Medicine.
Ananthakrishnan S, Pani SP, Nalini P. A comprehensive study of morbidity in school age children. Indian Pediatr. 2001 Sep;38(9):1009-17. PubMed PMID: 11568376.[PubMed]
Chakma T, Rao PV, Tiwary RS. Prevalence of anaemia and worm infestation in tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh. J Indian Med Assoc. 2000 Sep;98(9):567, 570-1. PubMed PMID: 11291791.[PubMed]
Dambhare DG, Bharambhe MS et al. Nutritional Status and Morbidity among School going Adolescents in Wardha, a Peri-Urban area. Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences Volume 9, Issue 2; Apr-Jun 2010
Shakya SR, Bhandary S, Pokharel PK. Nutritional status and morbidity pattern among governmental primary school children in the Eastern Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2004 Oct-Dec;2(4):307-14. PubMed PMID: 16388242.[PubMed]
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2018-06-01T07:29:50Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 2 (2015); 276-280
Pattern of Noise Induced Hearing Loss and its Relation with Duration of Exposure in Traffic Police Personnel
Gupta, Mrityunjay
Khajuria, Vijay
Manhas, Monica
Gupta, Kasturi Lal
Singh, Onkar
2015-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/570
en_US
Background: Occupational noise exposure is a major and preventable cause of hearing loss. Traffic policemen are constantly exposed to noise pollution. Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) denotes a selective 4000 Hz hearing loss (unilateral or bilateral). Objective: To assess the prevalence pattern of NIHL and its relation with duration of exposure to noise in traffic policemen. Material and methods: Otoscopy, tuning fork tests and Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) were performed in 150 apparently healthy police personnel. Results: Rinne’s and Weber’s test were normal in all the subjects. Schwabach’s test showed normal bone conduction in normal subjects as well as those with NIHL. PTA revealed that 33 (22% of sample) subjects were suffering from NIHL; 8 (5.3%) had sensorineural hearing loss whereas 109 (72.7%) performed normally in the test. None of the subjects with sensorineural hearing loss showed the characteristic notch at 4 kHz. Majority of the subjects (69.7%) with NIHL had mild to moderate grades of hearing loss in both ears. No subject had profound hearing loss. Significant association was observed between NIHL and duration of exposure. Steps need to be taken at the level of employers as well as individuals to counter occupational noise threat.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/571
2018-06-01T07:29:49Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:49Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 2 (2015); 281-285
Knowledge, attitude and practice of epilepsy among persons attending tertiary care hospital of Bundelkhand region, Central India
Kankane, Arvind Kumar
Kankane, Aradhana
Siddiqui, Mohd. Zaki
Mishra, Pranjal
2015-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/571
en_US
Objectives: This study was conducted to find out knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of epilepsy among persons of bundelkhand region. Secondary data from this study was compared with KAP studies from other parts of country. Material and Methods: Four hundred non epileptic persons attending various OPDs of Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical college Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh were selected randomly. Printed questionnaire having answer yes or no were used for assessment of KAP. This questionnaire was used by various authors and validated for KAP analysis. Results: It was revealed that word epilepsy was heard by 94% of persons, 64% thought that epilepsy is a mental illness. Twenty three percent believe it to be contagious disease while 21% attribute it to previous life sin. Social discrimination was favored by 53% persons. Negative attitude is shown as more than half persons stated that epilepsy is hindrance to marriage and occupation. Holy treatment by tantric or priest was favored by 20% persons. More than one third persons use onion, shoe or splash water on face to terminate seizure episode. Conclusion: Study on persons of Bundelkhand revealed poor KAP for epilepsy and require special educational programme to remove these misconception
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/587
2018-06-01T07:29:26Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:26Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 372-375
Microscopic inter-observer reliability of intestinal parasitic infections in trained laboratory technicians, Mexico
Espino, Joel Monárrez-
Elling, Devy
Dimaté, María Angélica Cárdenas-
Carreón, Andres Balleza-
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/587
en_US
Intestinal parasitic infections caused by Giardia lamblia (GL), Ascaris lumbriocoides (AL) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (Eh/Ed) are highly prevalent among indigenous groups in Mexico. In resource-constrained settings, direct microscopic fecal examination continues to be a common diagnostic method in spite its limited accuracy. This study aimed at illustrating the effect of training local laboratory technicians from a rural reference hospital located in a marginalized indigenous region of northern Mexico to assess the inter-observer reliability of GL, AL, and Eh/Ed diagnoses. Two experienced technicians working at the hospital were trained and standardized for two full weeks in the Parasitology Laboratory at the National Children’s Hospital from Mexico City. Diagnoses were made by microscopy of two serial stool samples processed using the modified Faust zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation technique to concentrate AL eggs and GL and Eh/Ed cysts. Observations were done independently, and the final diagnosis for each observer was established when at least one of the two samples resulted positive. Reliability analyses from serial stool samples were conducted using Cohen’s kappa correlation coefficient (?) for each parasite. Agreement between observers reached 88.7, 72.4, and 80.5% for Eh/Ed, AL, and GL, respectively. Largest kappa coefficient was observed for GL (?=0.55), followed by Eh/Ed (?=0.30), and AL (?=0.08). Prevalence of Eh/Ed, AL and GL according to observers 1 and 2 were 3.4 vs. 13.5%, 4.0 vs. 28.2%, and 32.2 vs. 33.3%, respectively. Except for GL, reliability was very low leading to major differences in prevalence estimates. These results question the value of training technicians, as intestinal parasitic microscopic diagnoses seemed to be very difficult to replicate between observers questioning their validity, leading to differences in clinical decisions, and in prevalence estimates.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/588
2018-06-01T07:29:25Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:25Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 376-380
Menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls
Sharma, Rakesh
Negi, Sandhya
Kunj, Deepika
Sharma, Varsha
., Vardha
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/588
en_US
Background: Menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restrictions resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the scientific facts and hygienic health practices, which sometimes result into adverse health outcomes. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene before and after teaching program among adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: A true experimental study was conducted among 50 adolescent girls of a secondary school situated in the Bhaniyawala of Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Participants were randomly assigned into control (n=25) and experimental group (n=25). Adolescent girls from both groups were assessed for knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene on day 1 and on 15th day. Participants of experimental group were administered educational programme regarding menstrual hygiene on day 1 after assessment for knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene. Data were analysed statistically by simple proportions. Results: The mean age of the adolescent girl was 13.88± 1.5 and age of menarche 12.74±0.98. Out of 50, 32 (64%) mothers’ of adolescent girls were educated at graduate level. The mean pre-test knowledge and practice in experimental group 8.04±1.54, 3.52±1.0 and control group 8.02±2.0, 3.24±1.0 respectively. The level of knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene of subjects who participated in educational program was significantly better than that of the control group. Conclusions: Menstrual hygiene, a very important risk factor for reproductive tract infections, is a vital aspect of health education for adolescent girls. Educational television programmes, trained school nurses/health personnel, motivated school teachers and knowledgeable parents can play a very important role in transmitting the vital message of correct menstrual hygiene to the adolescent girl of today.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/589
2018-06-01T07:29:23Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:23Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 381-385
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Assessment in Health Workers regarding Rabies Disease and its Prevention in district Dehradun of Uttarakhand
Kishore, Surekha
Singh, Richa
Ravi, Satish Kumar
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/589
en_US
Introduction: Rabies is a deadly disease in which first aid and immuno-prophylaxis after animal bite play a vital role in prevention. Animal bites are usually more prevalent in rural areas and the first aid is sought most commonly from health workers in rural areas. The same is the case in Uttarakhand due to vast expanse of forests and rural area. In the present study, the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding prevention of this disease among a special group of people, i.e. health workers were assessed. Material and Methods: District Dehradun was selected as study area and all the health workers in the district (162 health workers, males and females both) were enumerated and interviewed. The data were collected by administering semi structured questionnaire to them. The knowledge was assessed by evolving a scoring system. Practices and attitudes were assessed based on their past experiences and their present willingness for proper management of a case of animal bite. Results & Conclusion: Most of the study participants (59.9%) obtained a medium score (10-17) in knowledge regarding disease and its prevention. All of the participants had heard of the disease and knew about mode of spread. Most of the participants (83.3%) lack knowledge about anti-rabies immunoglobulin and pre-exposure prophylaxis (80.2%). Most of the participants (81.4%) had attitude scores in satisfactory range (2-3). Sixty percent had practice scores in low range (0-2).Though the knowledge regarding pet vaccination and full course of human vaccination was lacking in some, but the willingness to encourage pet owners to vaccinate their pets and encourage bite victims to get full course of vaccine was 100%. There is a need for sensitization of health workers so that their knowledge can be enhanced and their positive attitude (100% willingness) can be translated into proper practices for prevention and control of Rabies.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/590
2018-06-01T07:29:21Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:21Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 386-390
Knowledge Attitude & Practices towards Voluntary Blood Donation among Medical Students in Barabanki
Chopra, Deepak
Jauhari, Nidhi
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/590
en_US
Introduction: Blood Donation can save million lives. Voluntary blood donations are the cornerstone of a safe and adequate supply of blood and blood products. The safest blood donors are voluntary, non-remunerated blood donors from low-risk populations. Objectives: The present study was undertaken with an aim to understand the factors like knowledge, attitude and practices associated with voluntary blood donation among the medical students in a medical college. Materials & Methods: This is a cross sectional study with a sample size of 278. A pre-tested semi structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding blood donation in the study subjects. The data was analyzed by applying suitable statistical methods. Results: The knowledge about the recommended age and interval of blood donation was 90 % & 48.9% respectively. Nearly 23% of students had ever donated blood and the majority of subjects (56.5%) did not have an opportunity to donate blood. 75.54 % of students were willing to donate blood at the time of study. Conclusion: Creating the opportunities regarding the blood donation may lead to the achievement of goal of 100% non-remunerated voluntary blood donation.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/591
2018-06-01T07:29:20Z
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MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 391-397
Association of autism spectrum disorder and gestational diabetes mellitus of mothers in Bangladesh
Khanom, Farzana
Chowdhury, Shahanaz
Ahmed, Sabrina
., Moniruzzaman
Ahmed, M.S.A.
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/591
en_US
Background: Globally Approximately 1 in 110 children has Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the cumulative incidence of this disorder seems to be increasing. To date, the etiology of ASD is unknown. Gestational diabetes is a common pregnancy complication whose prevalence is increasing among women of reproductive age and results in both short-and long-term adverse outcomes for the offspring and may contribute to ASD risk. Aims & Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the association of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus with autism spectrum disorder in children. Material & Methods: A case control study was conducted among the children 5-7 years old diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (n=99) in special need primary schools and a similar age control group of children (n= 198) without the disease at randomly selected primary schools. The groups of children were compared with the obstetric information regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) of mothers during their index pregnancy. Results: Compared with the control subjects, cases had significantly older parents and were more likely to be high socioeconomic status. History of GDM during index pregnancy were higher in cases than controls [OR=2.30, CI= 1.36 – 3.91].Prenatal and perinatal risk factors were more prevalent among case mothers compared with controls. Collectively, these conditions were associated with a higher likelihood of ASD than controls. Among cases family history of DM were more common compared with controls [OR=23, CI= 10.84 – 48.94]. Case mothers had greater frequencies of threatened abortion [OR= 3.23, CI= 1.94- 5.37], bleeding during pregnancy [OR=1.25, CI=0.20–7.61] and more likely to have experienced cesarean section. Male children were more affected by ASD [OR= 2.87, CI= 1.67 – 4.90] compared with controls. Conclusions: Maternal DM in pregnancy is responsible for at least a good proportion of cases of ASD which in turn has been proven as independent risk factors for autism.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/592
2018-06-01T07:29:19Z
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2018-06-01T07:29:19Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 398-401
Prevalence of anaemia among school adolescent girls.
Goyal, Neha
Rawat, C.M.S
Jha, Sanjay Kumar
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/592
en_US
Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among adolescent females and can result in diminished physical growth and cognitive development, performance in school and at work, and affects reproduction. Findings from NFHS-3 (2005-06) indicate that 56% of the adolescent girls in India are anaemic and, of these 17% suffer from moderate to severe anaemia. Aim & Objective: To find the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in rural and urban schools of Haldwani. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in rural as well as urban schools of Haldwani from October 2012 to March 2014 among 770 (443 rural and 327 urban) adolescent girls selected by multistage random sampling, using predesigned and pretested questionnaire to collect relevant data, and estimating haemoglobin concentration using Haemoglobin Colour Scale. Data was analysed by using SPSS v 20. Results: 48.18% of adolescent girls were found to have anaemia. Prevalence of anaemia was 43.11% and 55.04% among rural and urban school girls respectively. Mean haemoglobin concentration of study subjects was 11.35g/dl. Prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anaemia among study population was 34.53%, 10.13% and 3.52% respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that half of the school going adolescent girls were suffering from anaemia in rural and urban areas of Haldwani
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/593
2018-06-01T07:29:17Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/593
2018-06-01T07:29:17Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 3 (2015); 402-410
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices regarding Swine Flu among adult population
Kaur, Harjot
Sidhu, Tanvir Kaur
Coonar, Parampal Singh
2015-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/593
en_US
Introduction: Prevention is the most appropriate measure to control H1N1 flu pandemic and awareness of H1N1 flu is ranked very high in preventive measures. Keeping this in view, study was designed to assess the awareness level and to compare it among urban and rural participants. Aims and objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding swine flu among adult population, to assess whether there is any difference among rural and urban population and to assess the response generated by the media coverage and the Government efforts.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done from April to July 2015 on 300 houses from the urban area and 150 houses from rural area, chosen from study population by random sampling. Mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and percentages for categorical were calculated. Results: 94% of urban and 91.3% of the rural participants had previously heard about swine flu, main source being TV. 46% of urban and 74% of rural participants had myth about spread of swine flu by eating pork. 41.3% of urban and 8.7% of rural population thought that government measures are sufficient for controlling swine flu. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding swine flu pandemic is good among study participants but role of health care providers is minimal and requires more dedicated effort. Lack of awareness among study population regarding some key focus areas like health promoting habits, vaccination and myths regarding the spread is of serious concern and needs to be addressed by the media, health workers and the Government efforts
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/611
2020-03-31T07:32:17Z
IJCH:SA
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2020-03-31T07:32:17Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 4 (2015); 500-503
Awareness and Attitude of Physicians in Academia towards Human Stem Cell Research (HSCR) and Related Policies in Rajasthan, India
Joshi, Nitin K
Nath, Latika
Joshi, Vibha
Purohit, Anil
2015-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/611
Human Stem Cell Research
en_US
Introduction: In India, several science agencies are promoting Stem Cell Research (SCR). There is paucity of studies which document the perception of doctors about SCR, especially physicians in academia. This study was carried out to assess perception of physicians in academia towards Human Stem Cell Research (HSCR) and related policies in India. Methods: We interviewed 200 doctors from three different government medical colleges of Rajasthan. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to discern their awareness, attitudes towards utilization of SCR and their knowledge of related international and ethical policy issues. Results: Though mostly 177 (96.2%) physicians acknowledged the public health benefits of promoting stem cell research in India, but 166 (66.2%) were not aware of the stem cell research policy of the Government of India and 111 (60.3%) were not aware of the ICMR guidelines for Human Stem Cell Research in India. There was a strong desire among academic physicians 152 (82.6%) to incorporate a course on SCR to the students in the near future. Discussion: Physicians in academia have views that SCR should be encouraged to treat clinical diseases and this technology should be brought into India in a big way. They seem to believe that one of the ways to promote the benefits of SCR would be to raise awareness by publishing success stories in widely read Indian Medical Journals, giving updated information regarding its uses in clinical practices and its inclusion as a part of the curricula for health professionals.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/612
2018-06-01T07:28:53Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:28:53Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. 4 (2015); 504-508
Study of Nutritional Status and Identification of Associated Risk Factors in Children Below Five Years of Age in an Urban Slum of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Shah, Dishant Joy
Bali, Surya
2015-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/612
en_US
Background: Child malnutrition is a single large contributor to under-five mortality due to greater susceptibility to infections and slow recovery from illness. Prevalence of malnutrition is high in Madhya Pradesh as compared to other states of India. Aims & Objectives: The study was aimed to find the prevalence, and study the risk factors for malnutrition, in children under the age of five years, in an urban slum, and also recommend appropriate remedial measures. Material and Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 children under the age of 5 years in an urban slum Pipaliya Pende Khan in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh from August 2013 to October 2013. Anthropometric measurements like weight and height were recorded. They were also made to fill a pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting according to WHO Child Growth Standards, April 2006 was 62.6% (52.1%, 73.1%), 41.9%(31.4% , 52.5%) and 17.4% (9.1% , 25.7%) respectively. Stunting was associated with educational status of mother, more prevalent in children of less literate mother. Underweight was associated with both educational status of mother and type of toilet facility. Wasting was more prevalent in Muslim community and families with low socio-economic status. Conclusions: The study shows very high prevalence of the malnutrition, in the given community. The results also confirmed that education status of mother, type of toilet facility, religion and socio-economic status are some of the key determinants of nutritional status of children under the age of 5 years.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/632
2018-06-24T02:27:49Z
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2018-06-24T02:27:49Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. Supp 1 (2015)
Study on iron status of rural adolescent girls in Dantiwada block
Kapadiya, S
2015-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/632
en_US
STUDY ON IRON STATUS OF RURAL ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN DANTIWADA BLOCK
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/633
2018-06-01T07:23:36Z
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2018-06-01T07:23:36Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. Supp 1 (2015)
Association of obesity with physical activity, television viewing, video /computer gaming among school children in Mangalore
Kini, Sanjay
Ramasamy, Pavithra
Jaison, Merin
Raj, Reshma
RK, Ranjitha
Kundapur, Rashmi
Udaya Kiran, Nalam
2015-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/633
en_US
Introduction: There is an increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide in children which can be attributed to changes in lifestyle such as sedentary habits, television (TV) viewing, playing computer games, and consumption of snacks while watching television. The present study was done to find the association between obesity and TV viewing, computer game playing, sedentary lifestyle in children and also with a secondary objective to assess the association between blood pressure and TV/computer game viewing, sedentary lifestyle in children.
Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at 4 high schools and Pre University Colleges (PUC’S) in and around Mangalore during the study period of 4 days from 6 -12 august 2014. 509 students were enrolled. Information was gathered by asking the subjects to fill up a structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed based on Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio for all subjects. Blood pressure was measured for all the subjects.
Results: It was found that among males 2.7% of students were obese and in females it was 2.3%. There was a significant association between blood pressure and consumption of snacks while watching TV and also between blood pressure and their habit of consumption / buying of snacks/ fast-food advertised in TV. A significant association was found between central obesity (Waist-hip ratio and Waist-height ratio) and the number of hours of physical activity per week in schools.
Conclusion: There is a need to develop preventive intervention like reducing snack consumption while watching TV and increasing the time dedicated to physical activity.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/634
2018-08-07T07:04:34Z
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2018-08-07T07:04:34Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 27 No. Supp 1 (2015)
Bioavailability of iron and zinc in green leafy vegetables growing in river side and local areas of Allahabad district
Srivastava, Bhawna
Verma, Anisha
., Neerubala
2015-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/634
en_US
Introduction: Green Leafy Vegetables (GLVs) are the treasure trove of many micronutrients. Objective: The aim of the study is to find out the commonly growing vegetables in river side and local areas of Allahabad district and to access the bioavailability of iron and zinc in selected green leafy vegetables of river side and local areas of Allahabad district. Methods: Five to four commonly grown green leafy vegetables were selected from the Arailghat, Baluaghat, Gaughat, Mahewa, Muirabad, Rajapur, Rasullabad for the study. Total iron and zinc in sample were estimated by AOAC (2005) and bioavailability of zinc and iron from various food samples was determined in vitro method described by Luten (1996). Appropriate statistical technique was adopted for analysis of study. Result: Soya leaves, Radish leaves, Amaranth, Spinach were grown in both the areas except Kulpha and Karamwa, which are commonly grown in river side area. There was a significant difference between the bioavailability of iron and zinc in GLV grown in local and river side area. Conclusion: Hence it can be concluded that there is a contamination of heavy metals which binds with the iron and zinc and make them less bioavailable in the selected GLV.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/654
2018-06-01T07:23:07Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:23:07Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016); 94-99
Factors affecting treatment outcome among Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients under RNTCP in urban Pondicherry, India
M, Veerakumar A
Sahu, Swaroop Kumar
Sarkar, Sonali
Kattimani, Shivanand
2016-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/654
en_US
Background: Many factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment outcome.
Objective: To find out the factors affecting treatment outcome among Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients under RNTCP in urban Pondicherry,
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 265 PTB patients from 6 randomly selected urban PHCs of Pondicherry from Jan 2013 to March 2014. A Pre-tested questionnaire was used. Data were entered in Epi-data v3.1 and was analysed by SPSS v20. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions were used.
Results: Out of 265 patients registered 235 (88.7%) patients were included. The Majority were males (79.6%), and Mean (SD) age was 44±14 years. The Majority (83.4%) were formally educated, 74% were employed, and 77% received Cat I treatment. Prevalence of alcohol drinkers, current smokers and smokeless users was 31.5%, 23.5%, 9.4% respectively. A total of 14.5% had bad treatment Outcome Univariate analysis showed that Current smoker and Category II PTB treatment had significantly associated with bad outcome (p value-<0.05). In Multivariate analysis, Category II PTB treatment [AOR = 3.5 (1.6-7.8)] had significantly associated with bad outcome (p value-<0.05) after adjusted with age group, gender, Smoking and alcohol status
Conclusion: Current Smoking and Category II PTB Treatment were the major factors affecting the TB treatment outcome
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/655
2018-06-01T07:23:05Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:23:05Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016); 100-105
Screening for Non-Communicable Diseases among transport employees of a University: A Descriptive Analysis
Rao, Chythra R
Kumar, Uttam
Mishra, Surabhi
Kamath, Veena
2016-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/655
en_US
Introduction: In most parts of the world today, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise. Worldwide they are currently responsible for almost half (42%) of the premature deaths which occurs before the age of 70. Due to sedentary lifestyle, workers of transportation department may be at a higher risk for development of obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycaemia.
Objective: To screen all the transport employees of a university for non-communicable diseases.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among all transport employees to screen for hypertension, Type II diabetes, obesity and visual impairment. Data was collected by personal interviews using a pre designed questionnaire. Anthropometry, blood pressure recording, fasting blood glucose testing, vision assessment followed by electrocardiogram recording was done for all subjects.
Results: Out of 90 participants, 10(11.1%) had diabetes, 26(28.9%) were hypertensive, 36(40.0%) were overweight and obese, three individuals had myopia and abnormal colour vision, whereas 17(18.9%) had impaired near vision. The screen positives were referred to tertiary care hospital for further management. Over half of the subjects reported alcohol use while 21(23.4%) were using tobacco. Only 43(47.8%) used seat belts while driving.
Conclusion: Proportion of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes was found to be more among the transport employees. This demands an urgent need for appropriate preventive and health promotive interventions to address these chronic diseases.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/656
2018-06-01T07:23:03Z
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2018-06-01T07:23:03Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016); 106-107
Status of Dietary Intake of Calcium in Women of Reproductive Age in Delhi, India
Sofi, Nighat Yaseen
Kapil, Umesh
Jain, Monika
2016-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/656
en_US
Background: Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in bone formation. Attaining optimal bone mass and peak bone densities is essential to prevent osteoporotic fractures in future life. In conditions of Ca deficiency, Ca from the bones maintains the blood levels of Ca leading to its depletion in bones. Calcium depletion leads to poor bone density and a higher risk of osteoporosis particularly in women who have repeated episodes of pregnancy and lactation.
Aim & Objective: To assess the dietary intake of calcium.
Material Methods: the study was conducted among 200 healthy women of reproductive age group of 20-49 years.
Result: The dietary intake of calcium was less than the Recommended Dietary Allowances of 600mg/day. Women from upper socioeconomic class had a higher intake of dietary calcium 435±268 mg/day as compared to women from low socioeconomic class with a dietary intake of 295±163 mg/day.
Conclusion: The dietary intake of calcium improved with an increase in socioeconomic class.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/657
2018-06-01T07:23:02Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:23:02Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 1 (2016); 108-112
A Comparative Field Based Study of Katz and Barthel Indices in North Indian City of Dehradun
Luthra, Megha
Negi, Kamal Singh
Gupta, Sudhir Kumar
2016-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/657
en_US
Background: Elderly persons are one of the most vulnerable groups of society and have more chances of disease and disabilities (restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being). It reflects how well an individual is able to function in general areas of life. Magnitude of disability has become an important indicator in measuring disease burden along with morbidity and mortality rates. Katz and Barthel Indices have been largely used to assess disability in activities of daily living among elderly people.
Aim & objectives: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among persons aged 60 years and above in urban field practice area of SGRRIM&HS, Dehradun, Uttarakhand with the aim of comparing these two indices in community setting. The specific objectives were to find ADL dependence by both the indices, find the factors which significantly affect ADL dependence and to find the degree of agreement which is not by chance between Katz and Barthel Indices.
Material methods: An interview schedule was developed and administered to participants in Hindi, by trained investigators. Information on age, marital status, living status education, occupation and economic dependence was recorded. House-to-house visits were conducted in the selected area to collect the data. All elderly persons residing in the selected area were included in the study.
Results: Prevalence of ADL dependence was 8.23% as per Katz Index and 28.45% as per Barthel Index, taking a score of less than 20 for BI and less than 6 for KI as criterion for ADL dependence. That there is a moderate degree of agreement between Katz and Barthel Scores which is not by chance was estimated by Kappa Statistic.
Conclusion: Katz Index is better suited for ADL estimation in a community setting.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/675
2018-06-01T07:22:36Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:22:36Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 2 (2016); 202-207
Prevalence and socio-demographic factors affecting anaemia in pregnant women of Dibrugarh District, Assam, India
Gogoi, Indrani
Mahanta, Tulika Goswami
Sarma, Ratna
Gogoi, Pragyan Prakash
Saikia, Hiranya
2016-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/675
en_US
Background: Anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency observed globally. Anaemia worsens during pregnancy leading to adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Dibrugarh district has the highest maternal mortality in the country, one of the major factor being anaemia during pregnancy. Aims & Objectives: To assess the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of anaemia in pregnant women of Dibrugarh District. Material & Methods: A community based, cross-sectional study was conducted in a block selected randomly. Study period was for the period from May’2015 to February’2016. Study sample included 290 participants. Results: Prevalence of anaemia among study participants was found to be 73.1%. (Mild 10%, moderate 43.1 % and severe 20%). Mean haemoglobin of study subjects was 9.07±2.26 g/dl. Average age of the study subjects was 23.24±4. Majority (27.2%) had their education upto primary school level and belong to class IV socioeconomic status. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis shows educational qualification, socioeconomic status and type of housing are statistically associated with anaemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: Anaemia is rampant in the community needing urgent action to prevent morbidity amongst both mother and child
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/688
2018-06-01T07:22:18Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:22:18Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2016); 280-285
Determinants of Post - partum contraception practices in urban slums of central Karnataka, India
B, Shubha Davalagi
Revanna, Rashmi
Agadi, Nagarajachari
2016-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/688
en_US
Background: The largest proportion of women with an unmet need for contraception is found among those in their first year after childbirth; concentrating efforts to reduce unmet need among these women could have additionally bigger impact on increasing contraceptive use than concentrating on any other group. Aims & Objectives: To know the knowledge & practices of post – partum contraception among mothers in urban slums. Material & Methods: Cross sectional study conducted in urban slums for duration of six months. Study population included mothers in extended post – partum period residing in urban slums. Mothers were interviewed using pre – tested, semi – structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS v 22.0 and, chi square test and logistic regression analysis was employed. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Majority of the mothers in our study were in the age group of 20-24 years (46%). Mean age was 21.6 ± 3.1years. Majority of the mothers (56%) were Hindus. Mean age of marriage observed was 18.2±2.1years. In the present study, majority (76%) had knowledge of post – partum contraceptive methods, but only 17% of the mothers were using contraception. Unmet need for post – partum contraception was found among 49% of mothers. Conclusions: Inspite of being aware, the practice of family planning was very low among post-partum mothers. The study highlights the impact of socio cultural factors like religion, caste, number of living children, duration of marriage and ANC service utilization on post – partum contraception usage among mothers.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/689
2018-06-01T07:22:16Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:22:16Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2016); 286-290
Empirical probabilities of (non)optimal healthcare choice conditional on socio-economic status and time consumption
Vuong, Quan- Hoang
2016-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/689
en_US
Background: Patients need healthcare information for making decisions in choosing health service provider, but data sufficiency and quality are major obstacles. Non-optimal decisions are common. The problem persists even with the growing power of the Internet and ICT-based facilities. Asymmetric information exacerbates the economic inequality, worsening community health. Aims & Objectives: The study reports results on existence of empirical relations between such factor as socioeconomic status, consumption of time and outcome of healthcare provider choice by Vietnamese patients. Material & Methods: Cross-section data from a patient community survey spanning >30 hospitals in Hanoi, during 2015 Q4-2016 Q1. Study sample contains 1459 observations. Main method used is baseline category logits regression. Results: Empirical relations among the above factors are confirmed. The rich possess advantages over the poor, with a >63% probability of making an optimal choice. But two groups are not different with respect to wrong choice, with probabilities of making wrong choice for high- and low-SES patients, spending significant time for seeking information, being 13.6% and 15.1% respectively. Conclusion: a) Even for the rich with significant information the chance of choosing right healthcare provider is relatively low, 51%; b) Quality of information or information processing by healthcare consumers shows some problem.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/690
2018-06-01T07:22:15Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:22:15Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2016); 291-294
Health System Using Social Network to detect the Dengue infection in the specific region
Singh, Vijay
Pant, Bhasker
Singh, Pratap
2016-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/690
en_US
Background: There is law in some countries that each and every health-related event should be recorded or documented digitally and centrally. Unfortunately, this practice is not implemented due to various reasons, that is why the real ground realities differ from what agencies says. Social Network is one of the fastest and effective ways to propagate information without any discrimination and condition. Aims & Objective: By using this beauty of the social network, we proposed a Health System using twitter to detect dengue infected people in the specific region so the concerned agencies take appropriate action proactively and can avoid the epidemic like condition. Material & Methods: Using Naïve Bayes classifier we classify incoming tweets into two categories weather it is promotional tweet or it tells about a dengue infected patient. The method and the proposed health system presented in this article can be applied to another similar task, like to detect communicable disease patients in the specified location. Results: The proposed system is capable enough to give the feel of dengue in the particular region. The results show that the developed system’s efficiency is 57% when testing performs on three set of collected tweets. Conclusion: Twitter can be effectively to get the health status of the society and warned the concerned agencies before the emergency like situation.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/691
2018-06-01T07:22:14Z
IJCH:SA
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2018-06-01T07:22:14Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2016); 295-299
Overweight and Obesity and its associated factors among high school students of Dibrugarh, Assam, India
Gupta, Ekta
Mahanta, Tulika Goswami
2016-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/691
en_US
Background: The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is emerging as a public health problem in urban India and also contributes to obesity and various non-communicable diseases among adult population. Hence, it is necessary to identify potential risk factors for childhood obesity and formulate early interventions to control this epidemic. Aims & Objectives: To assess the magnitude of overweight and obesity among high-school students of Dibrugarh and to determine factors associated with it. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study including students enrolled in 8th- 10th grades in schools of urban Dibrugarh, Assam was conducted from October 2012 to June 2013 wherein 1000 students were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Information regarding dietary intake, amount of physical activity was collected using pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire followed by anthropometric measurements which included body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference was done. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS-16 software. Results: Of the 1000 students enrolled, 119 (11.9%) were overweight, 71 (7.1%) were obese and 225 (22.5%) had high waist-hip ratio. The factors significantly associated with overweight and obesity were higher socio-economic class, frequent intake of fast food items, sedentary lifestyle with less physical activity. Conclusion: Children belonging to higher socio-economic group, consuming fast food and involved in less physical activity were more predisposed to overweight and obesity.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/692
2018-06-24T02:24:46Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/692
2018-06-24T02:24:46Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2016); 300-304
Effectiveness of a Short training in Teaching Methodology for entry level Medical Teachers
John, Alexander
Joy, Teena Mary
Paul, Nimitha
Javed, Reshma
Sasidharan, Anu
Menon, Unnikrishnan K
2016-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/692
en_US
Background: Teacher education curricula should enable teachers to facilitate learners’ acquiring knowledge, attitudes, behavior and skills that they will need in their profession. Though there are faculty development programmes that are being conducted in India, there are only a few published reports of the same. Aims & Objectives: To assess the “Effectiveness of a Short training in Teaching Methodology for entry level Medical Teachers.” Settings and Design: A quasi-experimental study with pre-test post-test design and an educational intervention was carried out on 30 consenting Senior Residents at a Medical College in Kochi. Material & Methods: The intervention was eight-hour training in teaching methodology using a curriculum designed by the researcher in consultation with experts. Data analysis was done using SPSS software to compare the pre and post - test scores of the residents. Results: Overall feedback was positive. The participants reported that “they had learned a lot” and were of the view that “the course would help them to put forward better performances” when assigned teaching-learning tasks. The pre-test and post-test scores were compared and significant improvement was found with regard to knowledge, motivation to teach (reflecting attitude change) and practice. Conclusion: A short training in teaching methodology has helped entry level medical teachers to become more effective in their teaching.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/704
2018-06-01T07:21:56Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/704
2018-06-01T07:21:56Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 359-363
Work related health problems of female workers engaged in Cashew processing Industries- a cross-sectional study from Kollam district, Kerala, southern India
Nelson, Vincy
PS, Rakesh
Simon, Sony
Hashim, Anwar
Usman, Anzeena
Rassia, Anzil A
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/704
en_US
Background: India accounted for one third of the global export market for cashew kernels. Unhealthy sitting posture, working near furnaces and contact with the cashew nut shell liquid may make the workers in the cashew sector vulnerable to many health issues Aims & Objectives: To identify the health related problems among female workers of cashew processing industries in Kollam district, southern Kerala, Setting and Design: A cross sectional study was conducted in selected cashew units of Kollam, Kerala. Material & Methods: An interviewer administered and structured questionnaire was used to collect health related issues from 301 female cashew processing workers. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics using frequencies was done and chi square test was used to detect difference between proportions. Results: Low back pain was the predominant problem (48.8%) followed by hand and wrist pain (46.6%), knee pain (37.8%) and neck pain (32.5%). Among the workers engaged in roasting, 86.6% had experienced a burn (p < 0.001). Workers engaged in roasting (53.3%) and shelling (43.7%) had blackish staining of their palms and fingers. Conclusion: Health related issues pertaining to musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, and skin conditions are highly prevalent among women engaged in cashew processing industry. A comprehensive programme to prevent health related issues may be considered to promote health of women engaged in cashew processing industries
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/705
2018-06-01T07:21:54Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/705
2018-06-01T07:21:54Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 364-368
Leveraging existing virtual platform for training medical officers on Non-Communicable Diseases; an experience from Bihar, India
Gautam, Akanksha
Sinha, Pallavi
Bhargava, Saurabh
Gavvala, Nagendra
Balasubramaniamq, Sudharsanam
Agrawal, Neeraj
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/705
en_US
Background: The state of Bihar in India has high prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A NCDs training program using virtual platform was implemented for medical officers posted at public health facilities from two districts of Bihar. Aims & Objectives: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot NCDs training program in improving the knowledge of Medical officers using virtual platform. Material & Methods: A secondary analysis of pre-post NCDs training data was undertaken. A structured knowledge assessment tool (KAT) was used to assess the knowledge of participants before and after completion of training. Also, post-training participant’s feedback was collected using a “Likert scale”. Statistical analysis: Median pre-post KAT scores were calculated and compared for statistical significance using “Wilcoxon Signed Rank test”. The proportions of participants satisfied with training were also calculated. Results: The pre-post KAT scores for diabetes, hypertension and CAD were ranked, analysed and found to be statistically significant (p < .001). Overall 94% of the participants were satisfied with the virtual training on NCDs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the NCDs training using virtual platform significantly improved the knowledge of medical officers and was found to be highly acceptable by them.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/706
2018-06-01T07:21:53Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/706
2018-06-01T07:21:53Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 369-373
Factors associated with Diabetes Mellitus among Tuberculosis Patients attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi, India
Tiwari, Vijay Kumar
Verma, Piyush
Raj, Sherin
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/706
en_US
Background: Worldwide increasing prevalence of DM may counteract the positive effects of improved curative services for TB. Aims & Objectives: To identify factors associated with Diabetes Mellitus among Tuberculosis Patients attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi. Material & Methods: This study was conducted among 220 TB patients. Results: It was found that 16% were co-morbid. Among co-morbid patients, the age distribution skewed towards higher age groups as compared with only TB patients. Co-morbidity was higher among females (64%) as compared to males (36%). Higher percentage among Co-morbid patients (78%) belonged to lower socio-economic class compared to TB patients (58%). Statistically significant association of comorbidity was found with physical activity, dietary habits and tobacco/alcohol consumption. However, only one third of patients who were aware about DM, knew that diabetic patients are more prone to acquire TB infection. Among co-morbid cases, only 50% were aware that uncontrolled DM delays the cure of TB. Findings also suggested that the sputum conversion rate among the co-morbid patients was low compared with the only TB patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that counseling of patient with DM against higher risk of contracting TB and TB patients against delayed cure should be made as a part of national strategy to manage DM-TB comorbidity.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/707
2018-06-01T07:21:52Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/707
2018-06-01T07:21:52Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 374-377
Compliance assessment of tobacco vendors of Ahmedabad city to India's Tobacco control legislation
Govil, Samarth
Dhyani, Anurag
Mall, Anjali S
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/707
en_US
Background: Many worldwide strategies and efforts have been made to tackle the menace of tobacco use and related morbidity and mortality. On similar lines, Government of India enacted a law in 2003, Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA, 2003). Aims & Objectives: To measure compliance to Section 5 & 6(a) of COTPA, 2003. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional survey at 432 Point of Sale (POS) across Ahmedabad city using random sampling technique. Results: Only 15.3% of the POS had complied with the size of their main display Board (MDB). Around one third (34%) of the shops had displayed the prescribed warning message on their MDB. More than half (53%) of the shops did not display any tobacco advertisement. The proportion of shops with no backlit/illumination MDBs was 30.3%. None of the POS complied with Section 6(a). More than a quarter of the POS (28%) were partial tobacco vendors. Proportion of mobile tobacco vendors was 22.9%. Conclusion: There has been a gross violation of Sections 5 & 6(a) of COTPA, 2003 across a majority of POS. This kind of laxity in compliance portrays a grim scenario of tobacco control and thus calls for immediate redressal by all the stakeholders involved.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/708
2018-06-01T07:21:51Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/708
2018-06-01T07:21:51Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 378-382
Concomitant prevalence of severe wasting, stunting and underweight amongst under five children in Meerut district, India
Bansal, Rahul
Gupta, Aakriti
Sareen, Neha
Kapil, Umesh
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/708
en_US
Background: National Family Health Survey (NFHS) documented that nearly 5.8 million children (6.4%) are undernourished in India which is 1/3rd of the world’s share. Objective: i) To assess the concomitant prevalence of severe wasting, severe stunting and severe underweight among children 6-59 months in a rural population of Northern India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 blocks of district Meerut, Uttar Pradesh during 2013-2015. A total of 70 villages were included and all children in the age group of 6–59 months were covered by house to house visits. Data on socio-demographic profile and anthropometry was collected utilizing standards methods and equipment’s. The Z-scores for weight-for-height (WFH), height-for-age (HFA), and weight-for-age (WFA) were calculated using WHO child growth standards. Results: A total of 19449 children in the age group of 6-59 months from house to house survey were approached. Out of 19449 children, 464 children were excluded due to erroneous age estimation; knock knees; physically handicapped and spinal deformities. Thus, 18985 children were enrolled for the present study. The weight, height and age were available for 18474, 18595 and 18983 children. The prevalence of severe wasting, severe stunting and severe underweight was found to be 2.2%, 16.2% and 12.2%, respectively. Concomitant presence of severe wasting, severe stunting and severe underweight was found in 0.9% (171/18,463) children. Conclusion: High prevalence of severe wasting, severe stunting and severe underweight was found in children from district Meerut indicating poor nutritional status.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/709
2018-06-01T07:21:49Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/709
2018-06-01T07:21:49Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 383-388
Quality of life among menopausal women – is it still an enigma?
Majumdar, Somak
Dasgupta, Aparajita
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/709
en_US
Background: Menopause is a universal event in a women’s life occurring in the middle period causing a variety of physical, vasomotor, psychological and sexual symptoms. These symptoms generally tend to usually go underreported. Aims & Objectives: To find out the quality of life among the menopausal women and associations of menopausal symptom domains with their socio-demographic parameters. Material & Methods: The present cross-sectional study was undertaken in a slum of Chetla, Kolkata. Response to each question in the MENQOL questionnaire, was assigned a score and the composite scores assessed the quality of life and impact of menopause among the study population. Results: Out of a total of 100 women, psychosocial symptoms were the most prevalent with anxiety, loss of memory and nervousness to be 76%. Occurrence of vasomotor symptoms was average with 55% of them reporting hot flashes and 40% reporting sweating. Physical symptoms were highly variable and sexual symptoms were not prevalent. Psychosocial symptoms had the most associations and religion, literacy, marital status, and abortion all had significant associations. Conclusion: It is indeed imperative that quality of life among menopausal women is affected by the symptoms of menopause and measures should be taken for mitigation of the same
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/710
2018-06-01T07:21:48Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/710
2018-06-01T07:21:48Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016); 389-397
Whither voluntary communities of co-located patients in Vietnam? Empirical evidence from a 2016 medical survey dataset
Vuong, Quan-Hoang
2016-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/710
en_US
Background: Empirical evidence on quality of life of poor patients falls short for policy-making in Vietnam. Financial burdens and isolation give rise to Vietnamese voluntary co-location clusters where patients seek to rely on each other. These communities, although important, have been under-researched. Increasingly, there are questions about their sustainability. Aim & Objectives: This study aims to identify factors that affect sustainability of such co-location clusters, seeking to measure the community prospect through critical determinants as seen by member patients. An in-depth analysis is expected to yield insights that help shape future policies contributing to improvement of healthcare systems. Material & Method: A dataset containing responses from 336 patients living in four clusters in Hanoi was obtained from a survey during 2015Q4-2016Q1. The processing of data is performed using R 3.2.3, employing baseline category logit models (BCL). Coefficients are estimated to compute empirical probabilities. Results: 1) There is a 50% probability that a patient seeing his/her benefits as unsatisfactory views the community prospect as dim; 2) The more a patient contributes time/effort, the less he/she believes in future growth; 3) There is a 80.8% probability that a patient who makes a significant financial contribution and receives back in-kind benefits predicts no growth. Conclusion: Patients predict community growth when receiving what they need/expect. There exists a kind of “liquidity preference”. Only 14% and 32% make significant financial and labor contributions, respectively. There exists a “risk aversion” attitude, viewing contribution as certain while future benefits to be uncertain.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/727
2022-06-11T06:55:09Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-11T06:55:09Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 96-100
A Study of First Referral Units in Border District of Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shukla, Brijesh K
Kaushal, Suneel Kumar
Misra, Sunil Kumar
Chaudhary, Shailendra Singh
Singh, Geetu
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/727
en_US
Background: Health services are designed to meet the health needs of the community through the use of available knowledge and resources. Secondary Level of Health Care essentially including Community health centers (CHCs) constituting the First Referral Units (FRUs) and the Sub-district and district hospital, designed to provide referral health services. First Referral Units provide optimal specialized care to the community to achieve and maintain acceptable quality care. Objective: To assess the available resources and minimum services at FRUs as per IPHS Standards in District Agra. Material & Methods: A Cross- sectional study was conducted in Four FRUs of Agra District, from June 2015 – August 2016. All four FRUs were evaluated for infrastructure, drugs and consumables, equipment, manpower, as per IPHS standards and minimum services provided by first referral units (FRUs). Status of FRUs as against revised (2012) IPHS Standard. Results: All the four FRUs (100%) have their own government building. Availability of drugs and consumable, equipment, were good which was 100% while 25% of FRUs had blood storage facility.50% of FRUs had general surgeon, dental surgeon, gynecologist and anesthetist while 100% of FRUs had medical superintendent, medical officer and availability of staff nurse and pharmacist were 75% and 91.7% respectively among all four FRUs. None of FRUs fulfills the minimum services available as per IPHS norms i.e. emergency obstetric care, blood bank/ blood storage facility, except 24-hourly delivery services which was available at all four FRUs (100%) Conclusion: Physical infra-structure, drugs and consumables, equipment, availability found adequate in all FRUs.Availability of specialist doctor markedly lacking in all FRUs however Paramedical staffs position was better, none of the FRUs meets the minimum criteria for service available at FRUs as set by IPHS standard.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/728
2022-06-11T06:55:15Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/728
2022-06-11T06:55:15Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 101-107
Learning healthcare needs when the body speaks: Insights from a 2016 Vietnamese survey on general physical examinations
Vuong, Quan-Hoang
Vu, Quang-Hoi
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/728
en_US
Background: General health examinations (GHEs) help Vietnamese detect early signs of illness and serve to be an important part of preventive medicine. Having GHEs can help reduce risks of poverty due to prolonged medical treatments in Vietnam, as 70% patients without health insurance face financial burdens caused by expensive treatments. Aims & Objectives: Does owning a medicine cabinet or having practical first-aid knowledge and skills have effects on people’s attitude towards GHEs? Materials & Methods: Analysis is performed on a 2,068-observation dataset, collected from a survey towards GHEs propensity collected in Hanoi and its vicinities. The methods of baseline-categorical logit model and ordinary least square are used to estimate the probabilities. Results: (1) There exist differences in the tendency of attending GHEs between those with and without a family medicine cabinet, and knowledge of using basic medical equipment; (2) The factors of age, gender, job and marital status are also proven related to body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: People who have common medical tools in the family and medical skills are likely to have GHEs more often. The likelihood of being over-weight is higher when people become older, especially among women.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/729
2022-06-11T06:55:25Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/729
2022-06-11T06:55:25Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 108-113
Assessment of undernutrition among children below 5, using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF)
Gupta, Garima
Sharma, Arun Kumar
Choudhary, Tarun Shankar
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/729
en_US
Background: SDG 2.2 aims to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. Weight for age estimate misses out chronic and acute on chronic malnutrition. An aggregate indicator-the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) can help in addressing this concern. Aim & Objective: To assess the nutritional status of under five children using CIAF and compare it with other indices. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in a resettlement colony of Delhi, between June to July 2015. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard operative procedures. Mothers of the study children were interviewed to obtain relevant information. Z scores were calculated using WHO-ANTHRO software. Nutritional status indicators were determined as per the World Health Organization 2006 child growth standards. Results: A total of 100 under-5 children were assessed. The prevalence of CIAF was 62% in our study. 35% of children were found to be underweight, 25% were wasted and 43% stunted. Mid Upper Arm Circumference detected 58.5% as undernourished. Using weight-for-age criterion for identifying undernourished children led to underestimation of the prevalence by 27%. Conclusion: CIAF can be used to provide a single, aggregated assessment of undernutrition. Use of this tool by field level workers will improve the diagnosis of undernutrition and help in early initiation of treatment.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/730
2022-06-11T06:55:32Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/730
2022-06-11T06:55:32Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 114-117
Primary immunization coverage among Migrant children in the age group of 12 to 23 months in Sriperumbudur Taluk, Kanchipuram District
Dutta, Ruma
Dekal, Priyadharshini
Jain, Timsi
Jeyapal, Dinesh Raja
Sivakumar, Krithiga
Ramachandran, Anuradha
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/730
en_US
Background: Migrants carry with them a burden of health risks and public health implications due to their poverty, unequal access to social benefits including health care services like immunization. Aims & Objectives: To describe the socio-demographic profile and the primary immunization status of migrant children in the age group 12 to 23 months and also identify the various factors related to immunization failure if any in Sriperumbudur Taluk, Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu. Material & Methods: A community based cross sectional descriptive study was done among 173 migrant children in the age group of 12 to 23 months from 12 construction sites in the study area between July 2016 – September 2016. The data was collected using a pre-designed, structured questionnaire. Results: The age group of mothers varied from 18-39yrs. About 46 (26.6%) mothers were illiterate. Majority of the children 159 (91.9%) had a birth certificate. Almost all 171 (98.8%) children were having immunization card. Only one child was found to be partially immunized. Lack of time was found to be the reason for not taking the child for immunization. All others 172 (99.4%) were fully immunized. Conclusion: Awareness should be created among migrant workers regarding importance of immunization through regular health education activities.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/731
2022-06-11T06:55:38Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-11T06:55:38Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 118-122
The difference in intervention of sexual abuse prevention by two variance professions on primary school children in Padang
Neherta, Meri
Machmud, Rizanda
Damayanti, Rita
Afrizal, .
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/731
en_US
Background: The number of primary school children that become victims of sexual abuse are always increasing year by year. Aims & Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for sexual abuse prevention on knowledge and assertiveness behaviour of primary school age children, which were committed by two different professions, namely nurses and teachers. Material & Methods: The study method was a quantitative with quasi-experimental design types of non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all primary school children in the city of Padang, consist of 91,966 children, with total sample of 1,112 children. Measurement of the knowledge and behaviour of children was performed 4 times total, then followed by statistical tests with GLM Repeated Measures. Results: Mean and standard deviation values from knowledge of nurses intervention group: p1(3,37; +1,37), p2(4,62; +1,72), p3(4,97; +1,53), p4(5,52; +1,20). Mean and standard deviation value from the group’s assertiveness: s1(24,44; +4,20), s2(28,66; +2,58), s3(31,38; +1,50), s4(32,80; +2,115) with p value =0,00. While the Mean and standard deviation values from knowledge of teacher’s intervention group: p1(3,21; +1,30), p2 (3,83; +1,14), p3(4,01; +0,99), p4(4,53; +0,875). Mean and standard deviation value from the group’s assertiveness: s1(24,47; +4,38), s2(27,56; +3,65), s3(27,34; +4,40), s4(29,90; +2,87) with p value =0,00. Scores difference between the nurses intervention group with teachers intervention group is 0.73 points for knowledge and 2.00 points for assertiveness behaviour. Conclusion: Intervention model that conducted by nurses is the best model. It is recommended that this model can be used as a model for primary prevention of sexual abuse against primary school age children.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/732
2022-06-11T06:55:45Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-11T06:55:45Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2017); 123-128
Effects of Bristle Hardness & Duration of Manual Tooth brushing on Plaque Control
Sunny, .
Agarwal, Vipin
Agarwal, Sonali
Ranjan, Rohit
2017-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/732
en_US
Background: Oral health is an integral part of general health. Poor oral health can have adverse effect on general health hence a good oral health is very essential, which in turn is achieved by good oral hygiene. Even though, the concept of good oral hygiene evolved 5000 years back, it is only in the beginning of 19th century it gained more importance. (1) Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most commonly occurring diseases affecting mankind. Dental plaque is a very important factor in the causation of both the diseases. (2) Aims & Objectives: To evaluate efficacy of four different types of toothbrushes, with difference in duration of brushing along with different bristle hardness in removal of microbial plaque. Material & Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, four groups with 40 subjects used manual toothbrushes with either hard, medium, soft and ultra-soft bristles. On baseline examination, clinical parameter plaque index (Sillness & Loe, 1964) was recorded. Selected subjects were refrained from all kinds of oral hygiene measures for 24 hrs before clinical appointment. On the day of clinical appointment scores of pre and post brushing were recorded in each patient when brushing time was set for 1 minute and same procedure was repeated after a wash off period of 3 days and similar recordings were made with brushing time of 11/2minute. Primary outcome was measured with differences in the plaque index (Sillness & Loe, 1964) compared to baseline. Results: Significant reduction in mean value of plaque score was observed on comparing pre-brushing and post-brushing data in all the subjects irrespective of bristle hardness in both 1 minute and 11/2 minute groups. On increasing time duration from 1 minute to 11/2 minute intergroup comparison revealed that significant correlation exist in mean plaque score reduction in subjects using medium bristle brush, soft bristle brush, ultra-soft bristle brush. However, no significant reduction in plaque score was observed on increasing duration from 1 minute to 11/2 minute in subjects using hard bristle brush. Conclusion: Manual toothbrushes with hard bristles better remove plaque, but may also cause more soft tissue trauma compared to brushes with softer bristles.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/744
2022-06-11T07:26:47Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-11T07:26:47Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 187-190
Focused Group Discussion of urban ASHA workers regarding their workrelated issues
Brahmbhatt, Mansi M
Sheth, Jay K
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/744
en_US
Background: Urban ASHA workers bridge the gap between the Urban Health system and urban poor to provide accessible, affordable, accountable, reliable & effective primary health care. Amis & Objectives: To identify work related problems faced by urban ASHA workers and to seek suggestions for their work-related issues. Settings and Design: FGD of Urban ASHA workers posted at Urban Health Centres of Ahmedabad. Methods and Material: Random sampling was used to select two UHCs and 8 Urban ASHA workers from both the UHCs for conducting FGDs. Statistical analysis used: interview transcribing. Results: Service gave them satisfaction, Salary did not!!! Some of the other important issues related to their work include transportation, cooperation from community, environmental issues & extended working hours. Conclusions: The problems identified and suggestions received needs to be taken seriously, addressed promptly and timely to improve service delivery.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/745
2022-06-11T07:26:51Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/745
2022-06-11T07:26:51Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 191-193
An insight into hardiness status of medical undergraduates
Chincholikar, Sanjeev Vasantrao
Kulkarni, Surendra
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/745
en_US
Background: The construct of hardiness was first introduced by Kobasa and Maddi, who defined it as a resistance resource in encounter with stressful situations. Hardiness is related to three mutually related dispositions-commitment, control, and challenge. Aims and objectives: To explore hardiness status in medical undergraduates and to study the relationship between hardiness and psychological distress. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students of a private medical college in Maharashtra. A validated Hardiness Questionnaire of Kobasa was administered. Scores on control, commitment and challenge were calculated and then summed up to calculate total hardiness score. Psychological distress was measured by SRQ tool, as designed by Mari J.and Williams. Results: The study population comprised of 331 students out of which 39 medical undergraduates had hardiness score less than zero indicating that 12% of study subjects were non- hardy. Significant negative association was observed between hardiness level and psychological distress. Conclusion: It was observed that 12%medical undergraduates were non-hardy. From the analysis of the data, it has been found that there is a fair negative association in hardiness and psychological distress.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/746
2022-06-11T07:26:54Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-11T07:26:54Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 194-197
Nutrient intake of adolescents in rural area of Himachal Pradesh
Khandelwal, Ritika
Gupta, Aakriti
Singh, Gajendra
Kapil, Umesh
Pandey, Ravindra Mohan
Upadhyay, Ashish Datt
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/746
en_US
Background: The nutrient requirements during adolescence are higher than at any other stage of life. Inadequate nutrient intake leads to poor growth, delayed sexual maturation, slow linear growth, anaemia and osteomalacia. Aim &Objective: To assess the nutrient intake of adolescents in 13-15 years belonging to rural area of Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh. Material & Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted during 2014 - 2015 in rural area of Shimla district. Thirty clusters were identified using population proportionate to size sampling method. A total of 170 adolescents in the age group of 13-15 years studying in government schools were enrolled. Dietary assessment was done using 24h dietary recall method. Results: The percentage deficit in boys for calorie, iron, zinc and calcium intake was found 37.9%, 53.7%, 35.5% and 22.4% respectively as compared to Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). The girls had percentage deficit for calorie, iron, zinc and calcium intake as 47.7%, 61.5%, 53.6%, and 43.6 % respectively as compared to RDA. Conclusion: The findings of present study indicate that the nutrient intake of adolescents aged 13-15 years was inadequate.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/747
2022-06-11T07:26:58Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/747
2022-06-11T07:26:58Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 198-202
Association between Social Capital and Self-rated Health of Older People in Chandigarh, India
Rawal, Ishita; Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurgaon, Haryana
Kaur, Manmeet; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
Chakrapani, Venkatesan; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
Khanna, Poonam; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
Lakshmi, PVM; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
Kaur, Navkiran; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/747
en_US
Background: Social capital reflect the degree of social cohesion in communities. Although studies have shown that social capital influences health, there is limited understanding about the role of social capital on physical and mental health of older people in India. Aims & Objectives: To assess the association between social capital and self-rated health among older people. Material &Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 211 older people selected from 1563 households in urban and rural Chandigarh District. Standardized tools were used to measure social capital (Global Social Capital Survey) and self-rated health (SF-36). The association between social capital and physical and mental health dimensions of self-rated health was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results: Participants’ mean age was 68.1 years (SD 7.6); about half were women. The mean total social capital score was 45.5 (SD 11.9). The mean physical and mental health dimensions of self-rated health scores were 1027.7 (SD 252.5) and 1416.9 (SD 487.7), respectively. Social capital was found to be a significant predictor of mental health dimension of self-rated health. Age and gender were found to be significant predictors of physical health dimension of self-rated health. Conclusion: Social capital influences mental health of older people. Interventions to improve social capital, in terms of strengthening relationships with family members and other social networks, can contribute to improving mental health of older people.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/748
2022-06-11T07:27:01Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/748
2022-06-11T07:27:01Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 203-208
Is Ramadan Fasting Cardio-protective? A Study in a Village of West Bengal
Dasgupta, Aparajita
Garg, Shobhit
Paul, Bobby
Maharana, Swanya Prabha
Badhopadhyay, Lina
Mallick, Nazrul
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/748
en_US
Background: Islam is the second largest religion of the World (23%) and Muslims are the second largest majority of Indian Republic (14.3%). Ramadan is the ninth and holiest month(Hijra) of the 12-month Islamic calendar during which Muslims fast from dawn to dusk each day maintaining certain rules (consuming food/drink once, avoiding smoking and sexual activity, as well as impure thoughts, words and immoral behavior). It is observed by Muslims as a month of fasting to commemorate the first revelation of the Qur'an to Muhammad. Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Ramadan on cardio-metabolic profile among adult Muslims residing in rural West Bengal. Methods and Materials: The present study was a longitudinal community based study done among 43 Muslims residing in a village of West Bengal during 6thJune to 7th July 2016. Cardio-metabolic profile (physical activity, diet, BMI, blood pressure, blood lipids and glucose) were assessed before, during and after Ramadan. Results: There was a significant reduction in VLDL and TG level while significant elevation in HDL level along with the reduction in Framingham risk score after fasting. All the anthropometric measurements along with blood pressure reduced significantly after Ramadan with significant reduction in intake of all micro-nutrients during Ramadan. However physical activity also reduced significantly during Ramadan. Conclusion: Our study had found no detrimental effects of Ramadan fasting on the contrary has an overall beneficial effect on cardiovascular profile was observed.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/749
2022-06-13T15:05:10Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/749
2022-06-13T15:05:10Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2017); 209-212
Expenditure pattern on diabetes care: A Community based longitudinal study in resettlement colony of East Delhi
Thakur, Archana
Ray, Tapas Kumar
Goel, Manish Kumar
2017-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/749
en_US
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the expensive diseases in the world. The cost of care in diabetes is high mainly because of its chronic nature and complications. Moreover, it affects economically productive section of society. But studies on economic impact of diabetes are very limited in India. The present aims to estimate the annual out of pocket expenditure of diabetic care among diabetics living in an underprivileged community of East Delhi. Methodology: A community based one year longitudinal study was conducted in Kalyanpuri area of East Delhi. All the diabetes patients (consecutive sampling) aged more than 25 years and who were the permanent residents of Kalyanpuri, attending the Diabetic Clinic of Lal Bahadur Shastri Hospital in November-December 2014were selected for the study. A pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used as study tool. Each subject was followed up 3 monthly from January 2015-December 2015. Both direct and indirect expenditure were estimated. Results: Total 153 study subjects were selected out of which 2 migrated and 1 died. So, data from 150 study subjects were collected and analyzed. The Mean and median annual expenditure was Rs. 8,958 ±11,704 and Rs. 4,443 respectively. The mean per capita annual direct expenditure was estimated to be Rs 6,821 ± 9,832 and mean annual indirect expenditure was Rs. 2,137 ± 5,622. Inpatient treatment and medicine are two major heads of expenditure. Conclusion: Expenditure on diabetes care among diabetes patients living in underprivileged community was considerably high despite of having well-functioning government hospital in vicinity of study area.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/760
2022-06-13T05:10:39Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/760
2022-06-13T05:10:39Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 277-281
Validation of Indian Diabetic Risk Score for detecting Undiagnosed Diabetics in A Semi-Urban Population of Mangalore-South India
Padmanabha, Usha Rani S
Kundapur, Rashmi
N, Puneeth
Udayakiran, Nalam
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/760
en_US
Background: Diabetes is considered as an "iceberg disease". According to latest WHO estimates the number of people with diabetes worldwide in 2000 is 171 million which is likely to increase to at least 366 million by 2030.Indian Diabetes Risk Score is useful for identifying undiagnosed diabetic subjects in India and includes four risk factors: Age, Abdominal obesity, Family history of diabetes and Physical activity in predicting diabetes. Objectives: To Validate the Indian Diabetic Risk score for detecting undiagnosed diabetics in a Semi urban population. Material and Methodology: The study was a validation study conducted in the field practice area of K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore in 2015. Universal sampling was done among 80 households to obtain a minimum sample size of 160 participants. Two from each household one being the highest age and one being the middle age among the households were enrolled. Individuals aged 20 years and above were included to validate the Indian Diabetic Risk score. Informed consent was taken before introducing the participants to the study and two Random blood sugars were checked. Results: Out of 160 participants 31.9% were male and 68.1% were female. Indian diabetic risk score >60 were 60%. Mean risk scores was 57.4±2x1.7. Out of 160 respondents, 86.9% were non-diabetic and 13.1% were detected diabetic. There was a significant difference in Indian diabetic risk score among diabetic and non-diabetics (p<0.001). Indian diabetic risk score >60 had sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 45.3% in predicting diabetes. Area under ROC was 0.719 (95% CI:0.62-0.81). Conclusion: Indian diabetic risk score can be used as a simple screening tool in predicting and detecting undiagnosed diabetics in the community.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/761
2022-06-13T05:10:52Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/761
2022-06-13T05:10:52Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 282-286
Prevalence & Practice of Self-Medication in Ernakulum District, southern India
Paul, Nimitha
Suseela, Rakesh Purushothama Bhat
Francis, Paul Therattil
Kamalamma, Leelamoni
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/761
en_US
Introduction
Self-medication can lead to many problems and has many concerns associated with it including development of drug resistance. The objectives of the current study were to assess the prevalence of self-medication practices among people residing in selected urban and rural areas of Ernakulam district, to assess the pattern of use of self-medications and to determine the differences, if any, between the rural, urban and slum population in the prevalence and pattern of use of self-medications
Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted and 539 individuals from urban, rural and urban slums of Ernakulam district, Kerala were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data was tabulated in MS Excel and analysed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage was used to summarize the data. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess the factors associated with self-medication
Results
In the study, 21.5% (114/539) reported that they practised self-medication within last three months. Major indications for self-medication were aches and pain (28.9%), fever (22.8%) and chronic diseases (13.7%). Among those who practised self-medication, 6.1% (7/114) used antibiotics. In the final logistic regression model, being in urban area [urban areas (OR 5.8, 95% CI 3.2-10.4), urban slums (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.5-5.4)] and increasing age groups [18-59 years (OR 2.1 95% CI 1.1-3.8) and more than 60 years (OR 3.2 95% CI 1.6-6.5)] were associated with self-medication practices.
Conclusion
Holistic approach should be taken to prevent the problem of self-medications, which includes proper awareness and education to public, improving access to care and regulation of pharmacies regarding sale of drugs.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/762
2022-06-13T05:11:15Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T05:11:15Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 287-291
Published research studies conducted amongst Indian medical undergraduate students: Bibliometric Analysis
Sachdeva, Sandeep
Sachdev, T R
Sachdeva, Ruchi
Dwivedi, Nidhi
Taneja, Neha
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/762
en_US
Objective: Evaluation of published original research conducted amongst Indian medical undergraduate students. Methodology: A systematic review was undertaken using keywords “MBBS students” or “medical students” or “health students” or “university students” and “India” through search engines, PUBMED and Google scholar. Considering feasibility, time frame of published original research article was restricted to one-year only i.e. 2016. Research domain, research design, author and other bibliometric details of research manuscript were captured using check-list and analysis carried out using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 99 suitable original research articles were identified under certain criteria and considered in present analysis. With regard to thematic research domain, highest, 29 (29.2%) articles were related to teaching and learning process followed by 13 (13.1%) to mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep, spirituality) of students; 07 (7.0%) were based on physical fitness/ exercise/yoga; and substance abuse (6.0%) amongst medical students etc. Nearly, 86 (86.8%) of articles were cross-sectional descriptive based studies while 13 (13.1%) had intervention based research design. A total of 34 (34.3%) research articles could be labeled as “KAP” (knowledge, attitude and practice) survey. Department wise detail of corresponding author was largely dominated by faculty from pre and para-clinical departments. Highest was community medicine in (35.3%) articles, pharmacology (23.2%), physiology (17.1%), microbiology (6.0%), and biochemistry (4.0%) etc. The studies covered an average sample size of 188.8 MBBS students (20-360, range); 57.5% of research article covered students from only one professional year. However, in 42 (42.4%) articles there was no further mention of gender based sample information. Out of all the references used in research articles, only 57.3% were of recent (2005-2015) origin while the rest were from older time-frame. Conclusion: A systematic evaluation of published original research articles conducted upon MBBS undergraduate students studying in Indian medical colleges was undertaken, probably first of its kind in India. In conclusion, diverse topics of research have been conducted by the teaching faculties and this study provides the over-view of the same
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/763
2022-06-13T05:11:26Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T05:11:26Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 292-296
Prevalence of psychological disorders among patients attending community health centers, Perak, Malaysia
Perveen, Asma
Khan, Rahmattullah Khan Bin Abdul Wahab
Shahadan, Md Azman
Hamzah, Hazalizah Binti
Hidayah Abas, Nurul Ain
Khan, Abdul Mujeeb
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/763
en_US
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of psychological disorders among community health centers in Batang Padang district Perak. Material & Methods: To conduct this study survey research method was used, seven community health centers in Batang Padang District, Perak were contacted to collect data from (N=216) respondents, who attended health facilities in Batang Padang District. There is no age limit, no education difference and no other requirement needed. Instrument and Materials: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) PRIME Screen and PRIME MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Results: Data collected from seven health community centers revealed that prevalence of Stress 86%, anxiety 124%, depression 67, psychotic symptoms 16%, somatoform symptoms 52%, panic symptoms 28%, and substance abuse 21%. the higher prevalence was stress and depression among people attending health centers. Conclusion: Results findings indicated that there is significant prevalence of psychological disorder among community health centers. Analysis of the results help us to determine that there is strong need to provide psychological services, awareness and education plan, management and prevention for psychological disorders
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/764
2022-06-13T05:11:42Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T05:11:42Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 297-300
Incidence of Dogbite in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka: An Epidemiological assessment from 2009 to 2016
Rao, Ramkrishna
Vittaldas, Rajesh
Dsouza, Jyoshma Preema
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/764
en_US
Background: Animal bites are the main cause of morbidity and death globally. Dog bite cases and rabies are under surveillance under Integrated Disease Surveillance Program in India. Efforts are taken to control dog population and prevent dog bites which are functioning effectively yet needs understanding of the burden of the problem and suitable measures to reduce the burden. Aims and Objective: To understand the incidence dog bite cases from 2009 to 2016 and suggest measures to control the problem. Methods: The cases of dog bite reported to Health facilities in the district were reported to District Surveillance Unit. These cases of dog bite from 2009 to 2016 were included and incidence analysis was done understand the Magnitude of dogbite cases in the District. Results: The article provides an overview of increasing incidence of dogbite cases in Dakshina Kannada from 2009 upto 2016. There is a need to increase effort to control dog population throughout the district and introduce cost-efficient vaccinations. Conclusion: Increasing number of dogs are posing a threat to the community. Majority of the dogs are not supervised, and several are left unvaccinated. The problem needs immediate attention and intersectoral coordination with public involvement
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/765
2022-06-13T05:11:54Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/765
2022-06-13T05:11:54Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 3 (2017); 301-307
Tobacco use among drivers and conductors in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Parashari, Aditya
Ahmad, Shahid
Asthana, Smita
Saxena, Saumya
2017-09-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/765
en_US
Background: Tobacco use is the leading global cause of preventable death. There is estimation that three quarters of these deaths will be in low and middle income countries. Very few studies were available on the tobacco habit of transport staff from India. Aims and Objectives: Prevalence of habits for various tobacco products and initiating/ quitting patterns of these habits in Drivers and conductors. Material and Methods: Cross sectional survey was conducted on the staff of drivers conductors, technicians of government bus depot. Out of total 903 staff 702 could be contacted and surveyed. Results: The mean age was 36.4 ± 10.3 years. The mean age of initiation was 10-15 years. This have very high rate (77.9%) of tobacco and alcohol use. As a single habit chewing was more popular compared to smoking followed by alcohol. More than half of the chewers consume more than 4 pkts (20-25 grams in weight) of Gutka per day an even 30 to 40 pkts of Gutka consumption in a single day was reported by some staff. Addiction was a common feature for tobacco habit in this community for tobacco use (97%). Peer group pressure was the most important single cause of initiation of tobacco habits. Nearly half (44.3%) tobacco users want to quit the habit. Most common symptoms which tobacco users have were burning sensation in stomach or acidity. Conclusions: Repeated awareness programmes about the ill effect of tobacco and counselling/ de-addiction programmes are very much needed from the transport department and government are needed to improve the situation
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/781
2022-06-13T06:24:33Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T06:24:33Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 410-416
A Cross-sectional study to assess knowledge, practice and self- reported morbidity symptoms of pesticide use among farm women
Medithi, Srujana
Kasa, Yogeswar D
Lari, Summaiya
Nagaraju, Raju
Kodali, Venkaiah
Jonnalagadda, Padmaja R
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/781
en_US
Background: Inevitable pesticide use in Indian agriculture has posed an increased risk of exposure to the farmers, which may lead to adverse health manifestations. Therefore, it is essential that the farmers must be aware of the harmful effects of pesticides. Aims and Objectives: To assess knowledge, practice and identify self-reported morbidity symptoms associated with pesticide use among farm women in the identified villages of Telangana, India. Materials and Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested questionnaire to carry out the survey among farmwomen. Results: 129 women working in agricultural farms were included in the study. Meagre knowledge regarding route of pesticide exposure was observed. Majority of them were not aware of toxicity symbols and never read the precautions on the pesticide containers. Inaccessibility was the main reason for insubstantial use of personal protective equipments (PPEs). Unsafe storage and disposal practices of containers were observed. Weakness (57.3%), headache (52%) and itching of skin (51.1%) were the common morbidity symptoms. Significant association was found between morbidity symptoms and use of PPE and hygienic practices, indicating importance of such practices. Conclusion: Improving knowledge which influences their practices and encouraging PPE use might be useful to remediate these issues. Monitoring studies may further aid to obtain the outcome of the awareness programmes and subsequently improved intervention methods can also be implemented.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/782
2022-06-13T06:24:36Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T06:24:36Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 417-423
The Sexual Behaviors Related Factors of Senior High Schools Teenagers in Bukittinggi 2017
Nurdin, Yonrizal
Refnandes, Randy
Aulia, Isny Shafira
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/782
en_US
Background: The increasing number of the teenager’s sexual behavior in Indonesia is influenced by many factors. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with sexual behavior of Senior High Schools in Bukittinggi. Aims & Objectives: This study is aimed to determine the factors which are associated with the sexual behavior of high school teenagers in Bukittinggi. Material & Methods: This study was a correlation study with the simple random sampling of 360 adolescent. This research was conducted in February to August 2017. Data analysis uses chi-square. Results: The results of data analysis of factors related to the sexual behavior of high risk are gender (p = 0.000, OR = 0.124), knowledge (p = 0.000, OR = 0.392), attitude (p = 0.000, OR = 2.529), exposure sources information (p = 0.000, OR = 12.405) and peers (p = 0.000, OR = 8.711). Conclusion: Exposure to sources of information (p = 0.000, OR = 8.544) become the dominant factor associated with high-risk sexual behavior of teenagers high schools in the city of Bukittinggi. It is suggested to the schools to provide the student with the extra material about health and sexual behavior in any subjects related to health.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/783
2022-06-13T06:24:40Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/783
2022-06-13T06:24:40Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 424-428
Clinico-epidemiological profile of trauma victims in a tertiary care hospital in rural setting of Central Uttar Pradesh
Singh, Naresh Pal
Singh, Ramit Chandra
Singh, Vikas
Jain, Pankaj K
Gupta, Poonam
Singh, Anamika
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/783
en_US
Background: In the present scenario of unprecedented population growth and development in India, we are also facing tremendous increase in cases of trauma victims and this burden is not only in economic terms, but also has significant physical, mental and social impacts. Aim and objectives: To determine the clinic-epidemiological profile and treatment outcome of trauma victims in a tertiary care hospital in rural setting. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional hospital based study was carried out on 700 trauma victims reporting the hospital at Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences in Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh for a duration of one and half year i.e. from January, 2015 to June, 2016. A clinico-epidemiological profile of the study subjects including specific details like mechanism and type of injuries, interval of presentation of trauma victims to the hospital and treatment outcome of the injury was recorded. The data was analysed using spss software 21st version. Results: Study revealed that nearly two-thirds (63.43%) of the studied trauma victims were in the 10-40 years of age-group with three-fourth of them being males (75.57%). Road traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury (68.86%). Majority (88.0%) of trauma victims needed admission for management of injuries. Conclusion: Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is the major form of trauma received by the people and that too in majority by the youths hence proper behaviour change communication and health education regarding safety measures to prevent trauma should be provided to the youths.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/784
2022-06-13T06:24:42Z
IJCH:SA
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http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/784
2022-06-13T06:24:42Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 429-433
Needle Stick Injuries among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in District Bathinda, Punjab
Lal, Dhruvendra
Sidhu, Tanvir K
Coonar, PP S
Singh, Gurkirat
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/784
en_US
Background: Because of the environment in which health care staff works, many they are at an increased risk of accidental needle stick injuries (NSI). NSI has been recognized as one of the potential occupational hazards for healthcare workers which results in transmission of blood borne pathogens such as HBV, HCV, and HIV/AIDS while performing their clinical activities in the Hospital. Aims & Objectives: To study the prevalence of needle stick injuries and knowledge and behavior of health care workers in a tertiary care centre. Material and Methods: A Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among Health Care workers at a tertiary care hospital in 2016 at District Bathinda, Punjab. Results: A total of two hundred and eight (208) participants took part in the study from various departments. 58 health workers out of 208 i.e. 27% had NSI in the last 12 months. 84.1% of the health care workers were aware of the fact that HIV could transmitted by needle-stick injuries. While 55.8% and 83.2% knew that HBV and HCV respectively be transmitted through NSI. Only 46.6% of the health workers remembered that they had ever received HBV vaccination. Conclusions: The survey found out that the knowledge regarding the risk associated with NSI and use of preventive measures was adequate among the heath care workers but still there was a slight room for improvement in their attitude and practice and the same can be addressed through proper education and training
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/785
2022-06-13T06:24:45Z
IJCH:SA
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2022-06-13T06:24:45Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 434-438
Community based interventional study to assess the impact of health education on alcohol use among adult males in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
Singh, Himalaya
Joshi, Hari Shanker
Srivastava, Rohit Kant
Singh, Arun
Katyal, Rashmi
Upadhyay, Deepak
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/785
en_US
Background: Alcoholic beverages have been a part of social life for millennia, yet societies have always found it difficult to understand or restrain their use. Apart from the health concerns, chronic alcoholism is one of the greatest causes for poverty in the country. Objective: To assess the impact of health education on alcohol use among adult males in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh. Material & Methods: A community based interventional study conducted in the Bareilly district among males aged >15 years during November 2015 to April 2017 taking a sample of 699 by 30 cluster sampling with PPS. Data was collected by home visit using WHO-AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) questionnaire. After data collection, health education was given to study population in form of speech, posters, short films and focus group discussion. One year after providing health education, AUDIT questionnaire was re-filled by current alcohol drinkers to know the impact of health education. Results: Prevalence of drinking alcohol is 30.47% i.e. 213 current drinkers. AUDIT Scores before and after Health education were positively correlated (r=.768, p=0.0001). There was a significant average difference between AUDIT Scores before and after Health education (t178=2.973, p=0.003). Conclusion: Health education has a positive impact on alcohol use therefore research focus should be on primary prevention by health education/behaviour change communication in primary and secondary care settings.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/786
2022-06-13T06:24:48Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/786
2022-06-13T06:24:48Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 439-444
The willingness for using mobile phone for health education among women caregivers of under 5 children in an urban resettlement colony in Delhi, India
Basu, Saurav
Garg, Suneela
Kumar, Rajesh
Shukla, Anshul
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/786
en_US
Background: The delivery of health education through mobile phones either through voice calls or text messages (mHealth) provide valuable opportunities for bridging gaps in maternal and child healthcare in resource constrained settings. Aims & Objectives: The objective of the present study was to assess willingness to receive m-Health services among women caregivers of under-5 children. Material & Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study in an urban resettlement colony of North East District of Delhi during the period from September’ 2016 to Feb’ 2017. We enrolled 201 adult women up to 35 years of age who were active caregiver of at-least one under 5 child in their familial household. Results: The mean age of the women was 26.4 and mean years of schooling was 10.1 years. Nearly three-fourth (73.2%) could read text messages (SMS) while more than a third (36.8%) were using mobile internet services. The willingness to receive mHealth services for health promotion was affirmed by 157 (78.2%) subjects but it was significantly lower in women with low educational attainment. Conclusion: There exists a strong unmet need for mHealth services among young women caregivers of under 5 children. However, bridging the digital divide is a key challenge towards advancing mHealth for all.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/787
2022-06-13T06:24:51Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/787
2022-06-13T06:24:51Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 29 No. 4 (2017); 445-449
A cross sectional study on internet usage for health information among 18- 49 years in urban Chandigarh
Soni, Tanu
Lakshmi, PVM
Kaur, Manmeet
2017-12-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/787
en_US
Background: Internet use for health information has increased over the years. However, how people use internet for health needs to be explored. Aims & Objectives: Our study aim was to determine the proportion of people who use internet for health information in the age group of 18-49 years in urban Chandigarh, to document the type of health information sought from Internet, and its association with socio-demographic variables. Material & Methods: Community based cross sectional study was carried out with multistage sampling using simple random and systematic random sampling. Data was collected using pretested semi-structured interview schedule. Results: Out of 262, 60.6 % of participants used the internet for health information. Availability of broadband connection at home and gender were significantly associated (p<0.05) with use of the internet for health information. Conclusion: Internet use for health information could have significant potential, particularly in terms of the general public decision-making and autonomy as has been reflected in the results of the present study. The Internet has become an important tool with the potential to improve information dissemination and health care delivery to consumers.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/803
2022-06-13T06:45:55Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/803
2022-06-13T06:45:55Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 30 No. 1 (2018); 82-84
Modified BG Prasads Socio-economic Classification-2018: The need of an update in the present scenario
Pandey, Vivek Kumar; Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, P.O.-Doiwala, Dehradun-248016
Aggarwal, Pradeep; Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, P.O.-Doiwala, Dehradun-248016
Kakkar, Rakesh; Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, P.O.-Doiwala, Dehradun-248016
2018-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/803
en_US
Modified BG Prasad socioeconomic scale has been in use for determining the socio-economic status of study subjects in community-based health studies in India since 1961.It is an income-based scale and, therefore, constant update is required to take inflation and depreciation of rupee into account. For industrial workers (IW), the consumer price index (CPI) is used to calculate updated income categories at any given point of time, viz Jan 2018.These details of the calculations involved will help many researchers to calculate specific income categories for their ongoing and prospective research work in current calendar year. On the Department of Labour website (www.labourbureaunew.gov.in), state-specific CPI values are also available and should be used to determine more accurate income categories.The current exercise is a step towards increasing the validity of use of classification with relevance to the current price levels and enabling a real time update for a considerable time in the near future.The health behavior of an individual or a community is interdependent on their socio-economic status. The concept of socio-economic status is widely used in medical sociology. The social standing of an individual or a family in the society can be measured by it. Therefore, is an important factor affecting the health condition of an individual or a family. (1)Socio-economic status has been defined as “The position that an individual or family occupies with reference to the prevailing average standards of cultural and material possessions, income and participation in group activity of the community”. The social status may be inherited, but in modern society it is achieved on the basis of occupation, income, type of housing and neighborhood, membership of the certain associations and organizations, material, possessions, etc. (2)In India, several methods or scales have been developed for classifying different populations based on their socio-economic status, viz. Parikh scale 1964, Shirpurkar scale 1967, Jalota scale 1970, Kulsherestha scale 1972, Srivastava scale 1978, Bharadwaj scale 2001. (3-8)Modified BG Prasad’s classification that is used for both urban and rural areas. Modified Kuppuswamy classification is used in urban and peri urban areas which considers the education of the head of family, occupation of head of the family and per capita monthly income.(9,10) Another classification for rural areas is Uday Pareekh classification which takes into account following characteristics namely caste
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/804
2022-06-13T06:46:03Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/804
2022-06-13T06:46:03Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 30 No. 1 (2018); 85-89
Prevalence and Correlates of overweight and obesity among school children in Guwahati city, Assam
Baruah, Chetanjit; Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam
2018-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/804
Overweight
Obesity
Prevalence
BMI
School
en_US
Background: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Obese children are at increased risk for heart disease, diabetes, stroke, cancer and osteoarthritis. Aim & Objective: To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity & its correlates among school children of Guwahati city. Materials and Method: School based cross sectional study was done among the students of 8th to 10th standard of Guwahati city, Assam. 465 school children were selected by multistage simple random sampling. Data was collected using a pre-designed, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be 5.4 % & 2.8 %.and it was significantly more among those who were Non-vegetarian, whose breakfast habit were irregular, don’t consume fruits, consume fast food daily, junk food daily, carbonated drinks daily, don’t play outdoor games and use vehicles as mode of transport to school. Conclusion: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be more among students having modifiable risk factors.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/805
2022-06-13T06:46:22Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/805
2022-06-13T06:46:22Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 30 No. 1 (2018); 90-95
Impact of Sociodemographic factors on prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents of urban Meerut
Jain, Bhavan; LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Jain, Seema; ll
Chopra, Harivansh; LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Garg, Sunil Kumar; LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Singh, Ganesh; LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mittal, Chhaya; LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
2018-03-31
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/805
Sociodemographic
Overweight
Obesity
Adolescent
en_US
Background: Adolescent obesity is becoming a major public health problem in urban areas of India and its prevalence is increasing in all socioeconomic groups irrespective of religion, region and caste. Aims & Objectives: To find out prevalence of overweight & obesity among adolescents and to study its association with sociodemographic factors. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the area covered by Urban Health and Training Centre of Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut. Sample size was estimated by keeping the prevalence as 10% with 95% confidence interval and relative precision of 20%. A total of 872 adolescents were selected randomly using proportional allocation method. Results: The prevalence of overweight was found to be 17.4% and obesity 6.9%. The prevalence was significantly higher among females and in those belonging to nuclear families as well as higher socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is quite high in the urban area and there is a need to develop an effective programme for the prevention of obesity in these areas.
oai:journal.iapsmupuk.org:article/843
2022-06-13T09:55:07Z
IJCH:SA
v2
http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/843
2022-06-13T09:55:07Z
MRI Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Vol. 30 No. 2 (2018); 166 - 169
Selection of good medical journals for publication -an innovative approach
Iyengar, Madhusudan M; DM Wayanad Institute of Medical Sciences, Naseera Nagar, Meppadi (P.O),Wayanad, Kerala, India
2018-06-30
url:http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/843
Predatory Journals
Medical Council of India
en_US
The Medical Council of India came out with the criteria of research publications for the promotions for the first time in 2009. Though this was done with the intention of promoting and encouraging research among faculties of Medical Colleges, this has given rise to the genesis as well as mushrooming of predatory journals. Hence MCI has been making attempts to refine the criteria of publications and make the criteria more stringent. The last such attempt was in its PG committee meeting in January 2018 where it decided to constitute a committee of experts in each subject to draw a list of standard journals in their respective subjects so that publications only in these journals would be considered for future promotions. In this context, this article makes an attempt to assist researchers and regulatory bodies in assessing the quality of journals by means of a score-sheet.
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