Prevalence and Determinants of Food Insecurity and Association with Malnutrition of under Five Children in Aligarh
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https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2021.v33i03.003Keywords:
Food Security, HFIAS, Malnutrition, Stunting, WastingDimensions Badge
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Copyright (c) 2021 Indian Journal of Community Health

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Background: Food security has always been a major determinant behind development of malnutrition among the under 5 children of India. Even after sustained efforts to alleviate this problem, we are still way behind in achieving our targets. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and determinants of food security, and find association of food security with stunting and wasting of children less than five years of age. Materials and Methods: This study among under five children was conducted in field practice areas of Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Food security was assessed through Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) while stunting and wasting were assessed by parameters defined by World Health Organization. Statistical Analysis: Done using IBM SPSS 20.0 version. Results: 41.1% children were found to have low food security and among these 1.8% children have very low food security. Overall, statistically significant association was found between food security and malnutrition among the children (p<0.05). Significant association was also found between place of residence, caste, type of family, father’s education, father’s occupation and mother’s education. Conclusion: New health policies should be introduced, and already existing programs need to reinforce to curb this menace.Abstract
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Napoli M, P. De Muro, M. Mazziotta, Towards a food insecurity Multidimensional Index (FIMI). Master in Human Development and Food Security, 2011: 1-72. GHI. [online] 2020 [cited 2021 1 February 2021]; Available from: https://www.globalhungerindex.org/india.html. Jacob AM, Rajaram D, Manjunath B, Kunnavil R. Assessment of food insecurity and its correlates in a rural community of Karnataka: a case study. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2018;5(11):4896. Chinnakali P, Upadhyay RP, Shokeen D, Singh K, Kaur M, Singh AK, Goswami A, Yadav K, Pandav CS. Prevalence of household-level food insecurity and its determinants in an urban resettlement colony in north India. Journal of health, population, and nutrition. 2014;32(2):227. Black, R.E., et al., Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. The lancet, 2008. 371(9608): 243-260. Victora, C.G., et al., Worldwide timing of growth faltering: revisiting implications for interventions. Pediatrics, 2010;125(3): e473-e480. del Carmen Casanovas, M., et al., Multi?sectoral interventions for healthy growth. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 2013. 9: 46-57. Ruel, M.T., et al., Nutrition-sensitive interventions and programmes: how can they help to accelerate progress in improving maternal and child nutrition? The lancet, 2013. 382(9891): 536-551. Iips, I., National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015–16. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, India, 2017. Castell, G.S., et al., Household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS). Nutricionhospitalaria, 2015. 31(3): 272-278. Sethi, V., et al., Internal validity and reliability of experience-based household food insecurity scales in Indian settings. Agriculture & Food Security, 2017. 6(1): 1-17. Organization, W.H., Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices part 3: country profiles. 2010. Tiwari, R., L.M. Ausman, and K.E. Agho, Determinants of stunting and severe stunting among under-fives: evidence from the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. BMC pediatrics, 2014;14(1): 1-15. Hasan, M.M., S. Ahmed, and M. Chowdhury, Food insecurity and child undernutrition: evidence from BDHS 2011. Journal of Food Security, 2013. 1(2): 52-57. Psaki, S., et al., Household food access and child malnutrition: results from the eight-country MAL-ED study. Population health metrics, 2012. 10(1): 1-11. Ali, N.B., et al., Association of food security and other socio-economic factors with dietary diversity and nutritional statuses of children aged 6-59 months in rural Bangladesh. PloS one, 2019;14(8): e0221929. Chatterjee, N., G. Fernandes, and M. Hernandez, Food insecurity in urban poor households in Mumbai, India. Food Security, 2012. 4(4): 619-632. Bose, K., et al., Stunting, underweight and wasting among Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme children aged 3–5 years of Chapra, Nadia District, West Bengal, India. Maternal & child nutrition, 2007;3(3): 216-221.
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