Integration of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) into NPCDCS programme: A recent initiative in India
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https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2022.v34i02.003Keywords:
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD), NPCDCS, Diabetes Mellitus, PHC, CHCDimensions Badge
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging public health problem globally. NAFLD is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide and is the most common cause of abnormal liver enzymes in many developed countries. NAFLD is estimated to afflict approximately 1 billion individuals worldwide. An estimated 20-30 % of general population is afflicted from it globally. In India NAFLD could be a silent epidemic with its prevalence ranging from 9-32%. Studies have shown, strong association of NAFLD with major Non Communicable diseases (NCD) like Diabetes, Obesity, CVD, Chronic Kidney diseases, Cancers, etc. Perceiving the threat of NAFLD and the central role of hepatic accumulation of fat in the pathogenesis of other NCD, the Government of India (GoI) has taken steps to include NAFLD in the public health agenda. It has included it in the national NCD programme, i.e., National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) in 2021. India has become the first country in the world to start a national programme for preventive efforts for NAFLD. The present review describes public health relevance of NAFLD and the process of integration of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) into NPCDCS programme in India.Abstract
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WHO. Non Communicable diseases. [Online]. Available from: https://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/NPCDCS.pdf [Accessed 25 June 2022]. WHO. Global status report on non-communicable diseases. [Online]. Available from: https://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf [Accessed 25 June 2022]. Nethan S, Sinha D, Mehrotra R. Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors and their Trends in India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2017 Jul 27;18(7):2005-2010. doi: 10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.7.2005. PMID: 28749643; PMCID: PMC5648412. Upadhyay RP. An overview of the burden of non-communicable diseases in India. Iran J Public Health. 2012;41(3):1-8. Epub 2012 Mar 31. PMID: 23113144; PMCID: PMC3481705. Thakur J, Prinja S, Garg CC, Mendis S, Menabde N. Social and Economic Implications of Noncommunicable diseases in India. Indian J Community Med. 2011 Dec;36(Suppl 1):S13-22. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.94704. PMID: 22628905; PMCID: PMC3354895. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.94704 Government of India, MOHFW, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-16, India Report; December 2017. Available from: http://www.rchiips.org/NFHS/NFHS-4Reports/India.pdf . [Accessed 25 June 2022] https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2021/1317 Kalra S, Vithalani M, Gulati G, Kulkarni CM, Kadam Y, Pallivathukkal J et al. Study of prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes patients in India (SPRINT). J Assoc Physicians India. 2013;61(7):448-53. PMID: 24772746. ICMR-NCDIR, National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS) 2017–18, Bengaluru, India Marcuccilli M, Chonchol M. NAFLD and Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(4):562. doi: 10.3390/ijms17040562. PMID: 27089331; PMCID: PMC4849018. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17040562 Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Study Group, Lonardo A, Bellentani S, Argo CK, Ballestri S, Byrne et al. Epidemiological modifiers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Focus on high-risk groups. Dig Liver Dis. 2015;47(12):997-1006. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.08.004. Epub 2015 Aug 14. PMID: 26454786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2015.08.004 Tatsumi K, Saibara T. Effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatol Res. 2005 Oct;33(2):100-4. doi: 10.1016/j.hepres.2005.09.014. Epub 2005 Oct 7. PMID: 16214391
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