Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) as a strong predictor of diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study among urban population of Jhalawar, Rajasthan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2022.v34i01.012Keywords:
Cross-Sectional Study, Diabetes Mellitus, Screening, ValidationAbstract
Introduction: The patients with Type 2 diabetes Mellitus may often remain asymptomatic for a longer period of time. The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), a simple screening tool for prediction of undiagnosed diabetes. Objective: Validation of IDRS with standard test for type 2 diabetes among urban population of Jhalawar, Rajasthan. Material and Methods: A Community based Cross-sectional study was carried out in urban field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar, Rajasthan. The study was conducted using a two-stage sampling design. A predesigned, pretested proforma and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) sheet was used to collect data from the study participants. The IDRS is based on four parameters: age, family history of diabetes, waist circumference and physical inactivity. Data was collected using the World Health Organization stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS). Results: Among 450 participants, 12.7% participants were in low risk, 59.1% were in moderate risk and 28.2% were in high risk of developing diabetes according to IDRS score. IDRS score of ?60 turned out to be the best cut point for identifying undiagnosed diabetes with sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 82.6%. Positive Predictive value and Negative Predictive value were 47.3% and 98.5% respectively. Conclusion: Association of IDRS was found significant with diabetes. IDRS score of ?60 turned out to be the best cut point for identifying undiagnosed diabetes. IDRS is found valid screening tool for early detection of Diabetes.
Downloads
References
Global Status Report on Non-communicable Diseases 2010. World Health Organization; 2011. Available from: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full2010/_en/. [Last cited on 2022 Jan 14].
Reddy KS. Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases: status and strategies. New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations; 2003 (Working Paper 104; https:// www.syndromic.org/storage/documents/NCDs/NCDStatusIndia2003_SrinathReddy.pdf . Accessed on 05 February 2022).
Anand K, Shah B, Yadav K. Are the urban poor vulnerable to noncommunicable diseases? A survey of risk factors for non-communicable in urban slums of Faridabad. Natl Med J India. 2007;20(3):115–20.
Misra A, Pandey RM, Rama DJ. High prevalence of diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia in urban slum population in northern India. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25(11):1722–9.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801748
Wild S, Bchir MB, Roglic G,Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes care.2004; 27:1047–53.
https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047
International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas Update Poster. 6th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2014.
Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Datta M, Sudha V, Unnikrishnan R, et al. The Indian Council of Medical ResearchIndia Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study: methodological details. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2011;5:906–14.
https://doi.org/10.1177/193229681100500413
Gong W, Lu B, Yang Z, Ye W, Du Y, Wang M, et al. Early-stage atherosclerosis in newly diagnosed, untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Metab 2009; 35(6):458–62.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2009.05.005
Tarun Bhatia T , Maitreyi Oka M, Vimisha DharamdasaniV , Sonalika Bhattaccharjee S , Gerhard Fortwengel G , Vaidehi Limaye Vetal. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Evaluation and Advice in undergraduate students in Mumbai. International Journal of Pharmaceutical.2014; 4:37-40.
Lindstrom J, Tuomilehto J. The diabetes risk score: a practical tool to predict type 2 diabetes risk. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):725–31.
https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.3.725
Chen L, Magliano DJ, Balkau B, Colagiuri S, Zimmet PZ, Tonkin AM, et al. AUSDRISK: an Australian type 2 diabetes risk assessment tool based on demographic, lifestyle and simple anthropometric measures. Medical Journal of Australia. 2010;192(4):197–202.
https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03478.x
Mohan V, Deepa R, Deepa M, Somannavar S, Datta M. A simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score for screening for undiagnosed diabetic subjects. J Assoc Physicians India 2005;53:759?63.
Joshi SR. Indian Diabetes Risk Score. J Assoc Physicians India 2005;53:755-7.
https://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/800617-jhalawar-rajasthan.html . (Accessed on 20 Mar, 2022).
Shah B. Development of sentinel health monitoring centers for surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in India (April 2003 to March 2005). Collated results of six centers. New Delhi: Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research; 2005 (http://www.who.int/chp/steps/IndiaSTEPSReport_6Centers.pdf , (Accessed 22 Jan 2022).
https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880.201809
Mohan V, Sandeep S, Deepa R, Shah B, Varghese C. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: Indian scenario. Indian J Med Res. 2007;125(3):217–30.
Mohan V, Deepa R, Deepa M, Somannavar S, Dutta M. A simplified Indian diabetes risk score for screening for undiagnosed diabetic subjects (CURES-24). J Assoc Physicians India. 2005;53:759–63.
WHO (2012), Prevention and control of non communicable diseases: Guidelines for primary health care in low resource settings. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/76173/1/9789241548397_eng.pdf . (Accessed on 22 January, 2022).
Chowdhury R, Mukherjee A, Lahiri S. A Study on distribution and determinants of Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS) Among Rural Population Of West Bengal. Natl J Med Res. 2012;2(3):282-6.
Patil RS, Gothankar JS. Assessment of risk of type 2 diabetes using the Indian Diabetes Risk Score in an urban slum of Pune, Maharashtra, India: a cross-sectional study. WHO South-East Asia J Public Health 2016;5(1):53-6.
https://doi.org/10.4103/2224-3151.206555
Agarwal AK, Ahirwar G, Marskole P, Bhagwat AK. A community based study to assess the validity of Indian diabetic risk score, among urban population of North Central India. Int J Community Med Public Health .2017;4(6):2101-6.
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172184
Kaushal K, Mahajan A, Parashar A, et al. Validity of Madras Diabetes Research Foundation: Indian Diabetes Risk Score for Screening of Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Population of Urban Field Practice Area, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017;21(6):876-881. doi:10.4103/ijem.IJEM_361_16
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijem.ijem_361_16
Adhikari P, Pathak R, Kotian S. Validation of the MDRF-Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in another south Indian population through the Boloor Diabetes Study (BDS). J Assoc Physicians India. 2010;58:434-436.
Mani G, Annadurai K, Danasekaran R. Application of Indian Diabetic Risk Score in screening of an undiagnosed rural population of Kancheepuram Distric, Tamil Nadu-A cross sectional survey. MRIMS J Health Sciences 2014;2(2):81-3.
https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-7006.302693
Arun A, Srivastava JP, Gupta P, Sachan B, Prakash D, Zaidi ZH. Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS), a strong predictor of diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study among urban and rural population of Lucknow. Int J Appl Res 2015;1(7):135-8.
https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i01.012
Sengupta B, Bhattacharjya H. Validation of Indian Diabetes Risk Score for Screening Prediabetes in West Tripura District of India. Indian J Community Med. 2021;46(1):30-34.
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_136_20
Namdev G, Narkhede V. A study on validity of Indian Diabetes Risk Score for screening of diabetes mellitus among rural adult population at Rural Health Training Centre, Bhouri, under Department of Community Medicine. Int J Community Med Public Health 2018;5(12):5295-300.
https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184806
Mannapur BS, Sidenur BS, Dorle AS. Prediction of risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus using Indian diabetes risk score: a cross sectional study in urban field practice area of a medical college, Bagalkot. Int J Community Med Public Health 2018;5(7):2853. DOI:
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Indian Journal of Community Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
